The Armenia-Azerbaijan Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has loomed threateningly over the South Caucasus for more than twenty years, yet it is low on the international agenda and more importantly international efforts have proven to be vastly ineffective in the implementation of a viable resolution.
Nowadays, the international community has to face the fact that the four resolutions of the UN Security Council, the main body entrusted to protect the international peace and security, and the international law and applicable norms are still disregarded.
Even though, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is generally called a “frozen conflict”, the term can be misleading and potentially dangerous due to the fact that the conflict is in a state of dynamic change that could lead to the resumption of military operations. Obviously, this is an uneasy truce that can be easily broken.
The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, along with other protracted conflicts, creates both challenges and opportunities for the greater powers and this insecurity becomes just another tactic in the “go-game” of power and patience.
Historical claims on Nagorno- Karabakh
The Karabakh region is disputed by both Azerbaijanis and Armenians on mainly historical grounds. The Azerbaijanis claim that the region has always been under Azerbaijani rule during history and by contrast the Armenians advance the claim that Karabakh was originally an Armenian site of residence and that Azerbaijani rule was illegitimate .
The disputed and confusing history of the Karabakh region can be seen in its very name. Karabakh is actually an amalgamation of Turkish and Persian. ‘Kara’ means Black in Turkish, and ‘bağ’ means garden in Persian and Turkish. The contemporary ending ‘bakh’ stems from the russ...
... middle of paper ...
...ion of Nagorno-Karabakh was comprised of Armenians and that they had been subjected to socio-economic discrimination and cultural exploitation by Azerbaijan for decades. As for the Republic of Azerbaijan, it fairly demands the protection of its territorial integrity on the base of the universally recognized norms and principles of international law .
The conflict has developed over time into one of the most intractable disputes in the international arena. By virtue of being the only one among the various Caucasian ethnic-political conflicts that involve two internationally recognized states as parties, it is also the conflict of the region that carries one of the largest geopolitical significance. Indeed, by the late 1990s, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict had been instrumental in accelerating the emergence of opposing alignments of states in and around the Caucasus.
Next in 1899, 1907, 1954 the International Peace Convention (originally The Hague Convention) where held because, in the last wars multiple cultural, art, literature and artifacts pieces were destroyed. Also, the community notice the rise in technology of weapons. The rules of war from the two convention consist of National and Cultural Symbols, Chemical and Biological warfare, Wounded and Sick Soldiers, POW (Geneva III), Civilians and Occupation, and Cultural Property. All of those are rules of war and the are severe consequences if they are broken. The United Nations and International Court of Justice (also known as the World Court) will take care of war crimes. Multiple other organizations were made by the U.N. to take care of certain wars for people such as, Nazi's and The Civil war in Yugoslavia. All countries are suppose to respect and follow the rules of war no matter the
The Kurds and the Palestinians are two nations that are knowingly similar in their struggle for independence, yet every one of them has a unique, different history toward this struggle. These two cases initially began in the earls of the 20th century, after WWI, with the history of these nations dating way further than that. Britain was indirectly responsible, with France, for starting these dilemmas in the Middle Eastern region which remain unsolved until our days.
To understand why the fighting continues to present day, we must first look at the historical events, which led to the first conflict. With, the incorporation of Chechnya into Russia by Alexander the II, the Nazi invasions of World War II, Chechen deportation by Stalin, the presidency of Dzhokar Dudayev with in Chechnya, and the Russian Federation Treaty by Yeltsin will all show evidence of the multi-century build up of hate.
In conclusion, the organized manner in which the Armenian genocide was carried out made it easy for the Ottoman Empire to rationalize their actions. Since an act of genocide is very calculated only a government has the resources to carry it out. In case of the Armenian genocide the Ottoman Empire’s strong military facilitated the murders that occurred. The actions of the Ottoman Empire were rationalized as the preservation and purification of Turkish nationalism. Majority of Armenian diaspora communities came as a result of the Armenian genocide. The denial of the Armenian Genocide is still an issue till this day.
International politics as one may imagine includes foreign affairs. This is why the topic and focus of this paper revolves around the current event within Eastern Europe. It will focus on both Russia, Ukraine, and the world, and from it, it will be analyzed by using the resources provided within class. After all it is a International Politics course, and one of the best ways to effectively put the skills and knowledge to use is to focus on an event or current event. The paper will attempt to go over in a chronological order of the events that has happened, and what is happening currently over in Ukraine. Afterwards, an analyzed input will be implemented providing reasoning behind Russia's actions, and actions of the world, and potentially some solutions.
The Middle Eastern country of Afghanistan has been the center of a long history of heartless violence and political strife for quite sometime now. Russia’s interest in taking over the country and converting it into another member of it’s Communist entity was one very trying obstacle that Afghanistan has had...
6. Gunter, Michael M. "What Is Genocide? The Armenian Case." Middle East Quarterly. Winter 2013: SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 26 Mar. 2014.
Beecroft, Rachel H. "Armenian Genocide." World Without Genocide. William Mitchell College of Law, 6 Aug. 2013. Web. 14 Apr. 2014. .
Ethnic Armenians have resided in the Middle Eastern region of the world since approximately 3500 BC. Armenians lived and still live in many Middle Eastern countries such as Armenia, Turkey, Syria, Iran, Azerbaijan, and the republic of Georgia. Armenians have their own language and alphabet and have a very unique culture, which has set them apart from other countries and ethnic groups. In 300 AD, there was not a single nation who had Christianity as their national religion. “Following the advent of Christianity, Armenia became the very first nation to accept it as the state religion.” Armenian pride in their culture and way of life never wavered, even throughout being conquered by different nations. Armenian lands were taken over by many different nations on several different occasions, but they finally ended up in the Ottoman Empire in the 1500s, when ...
The Armenians are an ancient people whose home has been in the southern Caucasus since the 7th century BC. Mongol, Persian, Russian and Ottoman (Turkish) empires have fought on and over this region for many centuries."Armenian Genocide."Armenian Genocide. Web. 15 Apr. 2014. . At the end of the 19th century, Turkey and Russia were recovering from a war with each other. In the west, 2.5m Christian Armenians were governed by the Turks; eastern Armenia was in Russian hands. A surge in Armenian nationalism gave the Armenian leaders confidence to demand political reforms."Armenian Genocide."Armenian Genocide. Web. 15 Apr. 2014. . This was unwelcome to both Ottoman and Russian powers, afraid of armed partisan resistance or even the revival of interstate war. They began to repress Armenians even more harshly."Armenian Genocide."Armenian Genocide. Web. 15 Apr. 2014. . In some Turkish Armenian provinces large-scale massacres were carried out from 1894 ...
"Why Crimea Is so Dangerous." BBC News. N.p., 11 Mar. 2014. Web. 05 Apr. 2014. .
Jack Donnelly states that “Theories are beacons, lenses of filters that direct us to what, according to the theory, is essential for understanding some part of the world.” These various theories, or lenses for viewing the world help us understand the way in which countries interact and why things occur in the field of international relations. The two main schools of thought in the field are Realism and Liberalism. One must understand these theories in order to be able to understand what is happening in the world. Understanding the filters that are Liberalism and Realism, one can look to make some sort of understanding as to what is happening right now between the Ukraine and Russia. The subsequent annexation of the province of Crimea by Russia is of paramount importance to multi governmental organisations like the United Nations and the European Union who are looking to understand this event from the Realist perspective as well as the Liberal paradigm.
Imagine waking up one day to the thundering of blows given at the door telling you to “open up or be shot down.” It is the Serb police, and they are telling you that you and your whole family had to leave your home immediately. This is how it went for many Albanian people during what some Serb extremists called “demographic genocide.” This was the beginning of what many would call the Kosovo War, and it lasted from March to June 1999. After NATO’s intervention in Kosovo, something strange happened. Now the people being victimized were the Serbs and anyone who was “friendly” to them. In this paper, I will speak about what happened before and after the war in Kosovo.
...the task of the US and their European allies to bring the case to the European Court of Human Rights; the charge, a violation of its international treaty rights. Russia should also be required to conduct peace negotiations with the Chechens under the guidance of the various European Groups with a vested interest in the preservation of the borders of the surrounding countries. Threats of this can be conveyed to Russia, but this action, and anything that may come of it will not necessarily by abided by Russia. Russia has already shown that it will do what it wants concerning this issue. The US and its European allies are in apposition where threatening Russia with action is the only thing that they can do. Russia will not respond to these threats and will best only give them lip service. That this conflict be resolved in a manner favourable to Russia is essential. Russia cannot permit the secession of any part of its territory because it will lead to actions by other regions and the access to Caucasus oil fields cannot be lost. Any other action taken by a third party will only result in destabilization of Russia and termination of diplomatic relations between Russia and the west.
Azerbaijan maintains peaceful relations with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). This defines their key infrastructure. They maintain ninety troops in Afghanistan. The country deploys soldiers to Iraq for peacekeeping missions. Its leaders ensure that the country is a player in the war on terrorism and international peace (State). The political system is a Republic and consists of the New Azerbaijan Party, Musavat Party, Popular Front Party, Liberal Party, and the Democratic Party....