Resistance coursework - some useful things

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Resistance Coursework
Planning:
Aim
Investigate how the length of a wire affects the current and resistance of a wire.

Variables
The variables that could change resistance are:
• Length of the wire
• Cross section area (thickness)
• Changing materials
• Changing temperatures
The variable I am going to change in my experiment is the length of the wire.

Prediction and Hypothesis
I think as you increase the length of the Constantan wire, you also increase the amount of resistance. The current is the flow of electrons; the current is dependent on the amount of voltage, which is applied. Voltage is the push given to the current. The current has to go through a circuit, which contains resistance so if you increase that push you also increase the flow of the current. All materials have a slight resistance to electricity factors affecting the resistance are: Length, Voltage & Temperature and Surface Area.

Preliminary Work
Changing only the length of the wire
Length Voltage (V) Current (A) Resistance ()
Short 5.45 0.26 20.96
Long 5.56 0.24 23.16
Longest 5.58 0.19 29.36
Conclusion: the longer the wire, the higher the resistance

Changing only the cross section area of the wire
Thickness Voltage (V) Current (A) Resistance ()
Single 4.73 1.45 3.26
Double 4.44 1.98 2.24
Triple 4.34 2.07 2.09
Conclusion: the thicker the wire, the lower the resistance

Changing Materials
Material Voltage (V) Current (A) Resistance ()
Constantan 5.51 0.48 11.47
Aluminium 1.82 8.63 0.21
Conclusion: different materials conduct electricity better

Changing Temperatures
Temperature Voltage (V) Current (A) Resistance ()
Cold 2.27 6.72 0.34
Hot 2.62 7.00 0.37
Conclusion
I came to a conclusion that the decrease in current is the increase in resistance this is because the current although less of it they collide with the resistance causing a decrease in the output voltage.

List of equipment and circuit diagram
• Power pack
• 6 connecting leads
• Push switch
• 2 crocodile clips
• Wire (constantan)
• Voltmeter
• Ammeter
• Meter sticks

Circuit diagram:

Analysing:
As the length increased so did the resistance.
This is because in a longer piece of wire the electrons have to push past more ions.
The electrons have a negative charge and the ions have a positive charge. So energy is needed to keep the electrons flowing.

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