INTRODUCTION CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION RESISTANCE SPOT WELDING MACHINE
Resistance spot welding (RSW) is a process in which contacting metal surfaces are joined by the heat obtained from resistance to electric current. Work-pieces are held together under pressure exerted by electrodes. Typically the sheets are in the 0.5 to 3 mm thickness range. The process uses two shaped copper alloy electrodes to concentrate welding current into a small spot and to simultaneously clamp the sheets together. Forcing a large current through the spot will melt the metal and form the weld.
The amount of heat (energy) delivered to the spot is determined by the resistance between the electrodes and the magnitude and duration of the current. The amount of energy is chosen to match the sheet's material properties, its thickness, and type of electrodes. Applying too little energy will not melt the metal or will make a poor weld. Applying too much energy will melt too much metal, eject molten material, and make a hole rather than a weld. Another feature of spot welding is that the energy del...
Xie, J. "Weld Morphology and Thermal Modeling in Dual-beam Laser Welding." Was.org. American Welding Society, n.d. Web. 24 Mar. 2014. .
What is welding some may ask. “Welding is the use of brazing or soldering to join together or split apart pieces of metal.” Says miller electric inc. The First recorded forms of welding was from the bronze age when metal boxes were made by “pressure welding lap joints together.” In medieval times welding was used by hammer to forge weapons of different types. “It was actually not until the late 1800’s that traditional welding
Welding is a very important job in today’s society. With new building designs, and bridges to every day metal products, welders are needed to do these tasks. Almost everything that you use every day has some sort of weld to it.
...mmonly we use an electrode close to our material’s thickness and also keep arc length longer sometimes to keep heat input to a minimum. When welding body panels we weld not in one spot, but around the entire replacement panel to insure not heat warping which saves time in the end. GMAW works really well on replacement frame parts for unibody cars and even on aftermarket add-ons such as sub-frame connectors. You can also use GMAW to repair fractured or rusted suspension parts such as radius arms and brackets.
Fire Prevention is a large concern when dealing with red hot metals melting the surrounding areas of application. Section 1910.252 deals with these general requirements for fire prevention and protection, which are responsibilities of welders and cutters, their supervisors, contractors and the management on whose property cutting and welding is to be performed. This includes moving all apparent fire hazards in the vicinity while using guards to confine sparks, heat, and slag in the immediate area. If these basic requirements are not met, the cut of weld is not to be performed. Fire extinguishers shall be provided and maintained in a ready state that is applicable to all types of fires including combustible materials that could be caused at the cut or weld. These should be on hand for the Fire watchers that should be present and trained in the proper usage of the extinguisher. They must also make sure that no combustible material is within 35 feet of the weld/cut and check the status of the current work done watch it for 30 minute following the work done to ensure no fire or problem arose. Before cutting or welding is permitted the area needs to be inspected by the individual responsible for authorizing cutting and welding operations.
Orbital welding utilizes the gas-tungsten- arc-welding (GTAW) process as the source of the electric arc that melts the base material to forms the weld. During GTAW an electric arc forms between the work piece and a tungsten electrode. To initiate the arc, a high-voltage signal will ionize the shielding gas to generate a passage for the weld current. A capacitor dumps current into the arc to diminish arc voltage to a point where the power supply can adjust. The power supplies responds to the demand and supply current to maintain the arc.
To begin with a welder uses equipment to apply heat to metal in order to create a permanent bond. In doing so, they weld metal parts, fill holes, and can even repair cracks in a brace. Because of its heavy duty strength, welds can be used to repair cars, ships, and even airplanes. Also, welds are used in the construction of buildings and bridges. Various tools are needed to perform proper welding techniques, for example, a person may need clamps, welding rods, a chipping hammer, a torch, glasses, a welding helmet, an apron or non flammable clothing to properly weld metal. In addition, a person may also need a specific type of welder for a certain occasions. For example if a person wants to weld aluminum a mig welder would be used along with argon and helium gases. Safety is always important for the welder. Welders are exposed to a variety of environments and situations that put their safety in jeopardy. They are at risk for cuts, bites, stings, and burns since they work outdoors. They are also exposed to gases, dust, fumes, and foul odors due to working in poorly ventilated areas. It is ev...
To make a decent weld, one has to have a steady hand, the proper safety equipment, and the welding tools must be set up to sometimes exacting specifications; unless you’re using explosives, then the specifications must always be exact.
Another type of welding is”Tig welding” which is when a electrode such as aluminum or tungsten that is melted with a strong torch or electrical arc. Another type of welding is “Mig welding” that is when you have a spool of wire and a inert gas such as argon or Co2 which acts as an insulator for the arc that is created in order to weld a bead. There are many more types of welding that you can learn when you are studying to become a welder or fabricator. When studing for welding you can and will learn about so much more stuff like oxy torch cutting and flux core welding which i hope many people will have the ability to at least try welding
Welders can use hand held welders or even robotic welders to produce welds. Both equally requiring a incredible amount of knowledge. They can also fill holes, produce structures and build custom parts for automotive race shops. Welders often work fulltime on shipyards, oil rigs, and pipelines or anywhere else where a specific job is needed. Welders are often required to interpret blueprints or sketches and weld accordingly to fulfill job duties. Arc welding is the most common type of welding today and is what most welders use. (bls) There are over 100 different welding processes that a welder can learn how to use however, Stick, Tig and Mig are the 3 most common used in the industry. These are used most to maintain equipment
T.I.G ( Tungsten Inert Gas) is a challenging process to learn. Jonathan Atteberry claims that “ T.I.G welding is difficult to learn and requires an elaborate welding rig of skills. It also uses a lot of electricity to make the welds clean and spatter less” (Parag 5). T.I.G welding is hard to learn because of people having different hand coordination. Most people would expect a long time to weld TIG because it is hard and requires a lot...
Welding can be traced back to the ancient times. One of the earliest methods of welding is bronze age. when ancient people back then had small gold circular were made by pressured welding lap joined together. Then in the Iron Age the Egyptians and people in the eastern area learned to weld pieces of iron together. In the middle age blacksmithing was developed. Blacksmithing is when you weld a piece of metal and hammering it but it was in the 19 century that welding was invented as they know it today.
Welding is a very important tool used in our daily lives. Welding is the process of joining two metal pieces together by applying heat. A filler helps to make the joint. Everything we use from trucks to houses have some type of welding in them. There are many types of welding careers to choose from. There is a great demand for welders today. My project was to build a table and candelabra out of metal. Most of the metal I gathered came from junk yards and had to be cleaned of rust.
Welding is an art, science, and high paying career all in one. Welding is the most effective way to join two pieces of metal, it is the only way to join them so they act as one. Numerous things in our daily lives has been welded from coffeepots to skyscrapers. Welding can be done almost anywhere outdoors, indoors, underwater, and even space (“Welding Basics”). It is practically
?Automation Reduces Weld Spatter? Welding Design & Fabrication (Jun. 2001): 37 EBSCOhost. Online. Nov. 2002 .