According to the American Psychological Association, resilience is the process of adjusting enough in the presence of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats or major sources of stress such as financial and workplace problems, family/ relationship problems, and severe health problems or workplace and financial stressors (American Psychological Association, 2013). Resilience is not an attribute or personality characteristic of an individual but a dynamic process wherein people show positive adaptation despite experiences of major adversity or trauma. (LUTHAR & CICCHETTI, 2000) Resilience is a two-dimensional construct regarding adversity exposure and the proper adjustment outcomes of that adversity. (LUTHAR & CICCHETTI, 2000) The two-dimensional construct means implies two judgments about the significance of adversity and a positive adaptation to adversity. (Masten & Obradovic, 2006). Adversity, also known risk, refers to negative life situations and conditions that have been shown to be statistically associated with adjustment difficulties. An example of a situation that reflect greater adjustment difficulties is chronic exposure to community violence among children ( (J, 1995) (Lynch M C. D., 1998) (Richters JE, 1993) The second construct called positive adaptation, is defined in terms of social competence manifested by behavior or success at meeting stage-salient developmental goals). (Luthar SS, 1991) (Masten A, 1990) (Masten A C. J., 1998) (Waters E, 1983) A proper attachment with primary caregivers may be an example of social competence among young children, whereas indices such as school-based functioning such as academic achievement and good relationships with peers and teachers may be appropriate indices to measure positive... ... middle of paper ... ...gs and needs, and looking of other ways to strengthen resilience such as meditating (American Psychological Association, 2013). Some reearchers carried out studies to examine the association between resilience and positive emotion (Tugade, Fredrickson, & Barrett, 2004) Examining the role positive emotion plays in resilience, Ong et al. (2006) reported widows with high resilience levels experience more positive such as peaceful and negative anxious) emotions than those with widows with low resilience levels. The high resilience group showed greater emotional complexity which is ability to sustain the differentiation of positive and negative emotional states while underlying stress. They also suggested that the adaptive development of resilience is a function of an increment in emotional complexity while stress is present (Ong, Bergeman, Bisconti, & Wallace, 2006).
Resilience is having the motive to go through hard times and ‘bounce back’ from them and learnt how to deal with certain situations. To be resilient you must have a positive point of view on life. Anh’s book ‘The happiest refugee’ He was born into a 1970’s Vietnam, He and his family were forced to leave their country due to seeking safety and freedom from war. Anh uses resilience through his comedic, selfless actions. Resilience has allowed Anh to improve the quality of his life, and the lives of those around him.
They refer to active coping and define it as “the process of taking active steps to try to remove or circumvent the stressor or to ameliorate its effects”, it further involves taking direct action and can be compared to Lazarus’s problem focussed coping strategy but with “additional distinctions” which include:
Resilience and hardiness has long been a topic of research and discussion within different paradigms and fields of study, for example, in military psychology, psychiatry, health statistics and measurement, medical anthropology, education, medicine and organizational settings. Resilience means the skills, abilities, acquaintance, and insight that accumulate over time as people struggle to conquer adversity and meet challenges. It is an ongoing and developing fund of energy and skill that can be used in current struggles (Saleebey, 1996; Liebenberg, 2005).Most commonly, the term resilience has come to mean an individual's ability to overcome adversity and continue his or her normal development.
Resilience is essentially the ability to successfully adapt to environmental stressors by maintaining psychological well-being in the face of adverse circumstances. The concept of resiliency has only recently begun to be a topic for research theory related to juveniles. Most theory research has been centered on why juveniles commit crime, in effect identifying risk factors to show who is likely to participate in delinquent behaviors and what are the factors driving this behavior are.
Richardson, G. E. (2002). The Metatheory of Resilience and Resiliency. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(3), 307-321. doi:10.1002/jclp.10020
Resiliency is the ability to successfully overcome adversity (Seccombe, 2016). Learning resilience is a lifelong process. Elements at the macro and micro level produce the harsh conditions or recovery mechanisms (Seccombe, 2016). Macro-level elements include political and social systems. Micro-level elements consist of the family system and an individual’s characteristics. Additionally, it is these environmental factors and individual characteristics that foster either resignation or resilience (Seccombe, 2016). The book Louisa (Emmel, 2007), illustrates how a culture’s social policy was restrictive while the family structure and individual characteristics were the protective/recovery means that provided resilience.
According to psychology, the ability of humans to adapt to negative life situations and withstand stress and adversity is centered in a concept called resilience. An individual with resilience may experience the stress and pain that oppression and adversity brings; however, they are better able to control their negative emotions, rather than allowing these emotions to control their thoughts and actions. Resilience is not something people are born with or without, it is a trait that is developed. However, there are causational factors that contribute to the development of resilience. A few of these factors are: Having at least one close friendship and or having a
“Resilience is defined as an attitude that enables the individual to examine, enhance and utilize the strengths, characteristics and other resources available to him or her”. (Harrington, 2012) By learning how to manage resilience in the key elements of your life such as your emotions, spiritual and social relationships, along with how to deal family situations and placing a positive spin on obstacles that arise will help reduce stress. I find that I use resilience when a trying to organize a group of people with many moving parts and they are creating their own agenda, this is when I use the emotion element relating to resilience. It is important that I can work through stressful situations and manage my emotions within my personal life as well as in
Resilience is important because it is the human capacity to face, overcome and be strengthened by or even transformed by
As shown, students are under are a large amount of stress, and experience high rates of anxiety and depression. Resilience can protect against the negative effects of stress (Bacchi, Licino, 2016). Bacchi and Licinio (2016) found approximately half of students in their study to be in distress. Students with high resilience had significantly lower distress and rates of mental illness (Bacchi, Licnio, 2016, Tempski 2015). Resilience can protect against mental illness such as depression and anxiety (Tempski et al, 2015). Therefor the relationship between stress, mental illness and resilience in students remains of
Resiliency is an important factor to posses in a constantly changing world. Resiliency in the family, arguably the closest social circle an individual may have, is extremely important for a healthy family. Family resiliency is the ability to deal with a stressful family event and be able to cope as well as bounce back from it. It is important for a family to be able to adapt to the stressor and overcome it. After learning about family resiliency and thinking back to previous family experiences; such as my mom losing her ability to hear, I realize that my family in fact posses a great deal of it. After learning about family resiliency in class, I now have greater insights about how resilient my family has been through negative experiences.
The definition of resiliency above, states that resiliency is the experience of risk and the ability to thrive despite the risks. It is a child’s environment that provides the risk. Shean (2015) summarizes risk factors: low socioeconomic status, poverty, abuse, trauma, lack of relationships, and low academic outcomes. In addition, Shean (2015) highlights the risk factors that stem from family life such as parental discord, criminality, mental health, and age as well as large families or overcrowded families. Condly (2006) highlights that risks can be multifaceted and can occur as a short period of trauma or occur over a life time. All of tThese factors create risks and challenges that children need to deal with for either a short period of time or over the course of their life.
Resilience research was born in the 1970s when mental health experts wanted to understand why some children developed well despite high risk or adversity (Masten, 2001). What came of this research was what Masten terms “Ordinary Magic” (Masten, 2001). Masten argues that resilient children are not gifted with extraordinary abilities or resources, but instead rely on ordinary protective factors in order to succeed. These factors include relationships with competent adults, a belief in one’s own agency, and effective schools among others (Masten, 2014). Masten states that there is no single recipe to help a child grow into a healthy and well-developed individual and any combination of protective factors could lead to resilience (Masten, 2014).
Ong, A. D., Bergeman, C. S., Bisconti, T. L., & Wallace, K. A. (2006). Psychological resilience, positive emotions, and successful adaptation to stress in later life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(4), 730.
Shastri, P. (2013). Resilience: Building immunity in psychiatry. Indian Journal Of Psychiatry, 55(3), 224-234. doi:10.4103/0019-5545.117134