Article Review/Questions #2 Everyday scale errors 1. What were the theoretical background and findings from previous research for this article? This research came about from previous researchers observing scale error behaviors within their homes, labs and anecdotal accounts from parents and other researchers. The results from previous research showed that children do try to fit their bodies into miniature size toys. All previous research has been done within a laboratory setting, and used procedures that increased the chance that children would make scale errors. 2. What were the aims/goals of the present study? The goal of the present study was to show that children make scale errors in everyday environments and not just in a lab setting. 3. How was the present study conducted? There were two studies which were conducted with internet surveys. Study 1 was to document everyday occurrence of scale errors. Participants were asked if they ever saw a child make a scale error and if they did, they were asked to describe what they saw. In Study 2, a different group of participants were asked to complete the survey and then a follow-up phone interview was conducted to provide any additional details about what the participants had reported in the survey. 4. What were the results/findings of the present study? In the first study, there were 221 participants and 40 reported one event that was counted as a scale error. Six participants reported two scale errors, which made a total of 46 examples of scale errors. Almost all of these scale errors were reported by parents who observed their children making scale errors. Study 2 had 84 participants that completed the survey with 41 of them completed a follow-up phone interview. The 41 participan... ... middle of paper ... ...eoperational, operational, and concrete operational. Piaget’s stages must be completed before going on to the next stage. Piaget’s stages imply that children cognitively develop on their own, without help from the outside. Both Piaget and Vygotsky believed that young children are curious and actively involved in their own learning. Vygotsky, however, placed more emphasis on social contributions to the process of development and Piaget emphasized self-initiated discovery. Vygotsky’s theory best matches my perspective. I agree that a child’s development is influenced by peers and adults. I also agree that culture influences how a child thinks and learns. I believe that God created us as social creatures and the source of cognition comes from the social environment. It is the interaction with other peers and adults that play a critical role in children’s cognition.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the research came about from previous researchers observing scale error behaviors within their homes, labs, and anecdotal accounts from parents and other researchers.
- Explains the goal of the present study was to show that children make scale errors in everyday environments and not just in a lab setting.
- Explains that two studies were conducted with internet surveys. study 1 was to document everyday occurrence of scale errors and a follow-up phone interview was conducted.
- Explains that the research came about from previous researchers observing scale error behaviors within their homes, labs, and anecdotal accounts from parents and other researchers.
- Explains the goal of the present study was to show that children make scale errors in everyday environments and not just in a lab setting.
- Explains that two studies were conducted with internet surveys. study 1 was to document everyday occurrence of scale errors and a follow-up phone interview was conducted.
- Explains that in the first study, there were 221 participants and 40 reported one event that was counted as a scale error.
- Opines that internet surveys aren't reliable, and that teachers should be able to give observable accounts of children making scale errors.
- Explains that piaget saw cognitive development as being a constructive process. parents guide their children's development through non-conscious behaviors. hearing mothers with deaf infants showed more stress and not as flexible.
- Explains that the present research goal was to examine the way that deaf mothers modify their signed communication when they direct it to their infants.
- Explains that the present study was conducted by examining previous archival data from the gallaudet infancy study. participants were white, middle class families.
- Explains that there were differences in infant-directed signing with deaf/hearing mothers — mothers signed more at younger infants and decreased at 9 months, which is the time of first words.
- Explains the importance of knowing what parents do early on with their infants helps support them in sensitivity and responsiveness. hearing parents of deaf children can learn to be more flexible and learn communicative strategies.
- Opines that research shows that it's important for hearing parents of deaf infants to start early intervention to learn better ways of eliciting and maintaining their attention.
- Explains how the concepts in the article relate to what we have discussed in class. children solve problems by trial and error; their intelligence according to piaget is limited to physical actions on objects.
- Explains how the concepts in the article relate to what we have discussed in class.
- Analyzes how the concept language fits the description of a biologically primary ability that develops in all people without instruction or motivation. the article talked about motherese speech, all parents’ use it no matter the infant/mother is hearing or deaf
- Compares and contrasts the theories of vygotsky and piaget.
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- Analysis Of Vygotsky's Cognitive Developmentopinion essay“Vygotsky states cognitive development stem from social interactions from guided learning as children and their partner’s co-construct knowledge. In contrast Piaget maintains that cognitive development stems largely from independent explorations in which children construct knowledge of their own. For Vygotsky, the environment in which children grow up will influence how they think and what they think about”. Although I do believe children learn through experiences and exploring, its Vygotsky’s thought of them learning most from guidance is what I agree with most. They can explore new surroundings but it will be an adult that will help guide them and teach them not to do certain things or avoid an injury or accident to occur to the
In this essay, the author
- Opines that vygotsky's "sociocultural theory" is the one they feel most strongly aligned with.
- Explains that values, beliefs, customs, and skills of a social group are transmitted to the next generation. each family's teachings and traditions differ dependent on the individual family and their culture.
- Explains that vygotsky agreed with piaget that children are active, constructive beings, but viewed cognitive development as a "socially mediated process", in which children depend on the assistance of adults and more expert peers.
- Opines that vygotsky's "sociocultural theory" is the one they feel most strongly aligned with.
- Explains that values, beliefs, customs, and skills of a social group are transmitted to the next generation. each family's teachings and traditions differ dependent on the individual family and their culture.
- Explains that vygotsky agreed with piaget that children are active, constructive beings, but viewed cognitive development as a "socially mediated process", in which children depend on the assistance of adults and more expert peers.
- Compares vygotsky and piaget because they were theorists that were developing around the same time and had similar but very different beliefs with how children learn and perceive daily activities.
- Opines that even though lev vygotsky's theories are incomplete, they are the ones they relate to. they believe that children learn through their cultures and succeed in certain tasks with guidance from adults.
817 wordsRead More - Piaget Cognitive Theoryexplanatory essay3. Concrete operational stage (7-11 years old): children start to think logically in a consistent way, but only in regards to real and concrete features of their world, but not in an abstract situation. This stage makes the school-age child a more systematic, objective and a scientific-style
In this essay, the author
- Introduces jean piaget's cognitive theory, which explains how biology influences how children conceptualize and deal with tasks at different stages while growing up.
- Explains that transtheoretical model of behavior assesses that behavior change is conceptualized as a process that changes over time.
- Explains piaget's view of cognitive development as a process that follows universal patterns. each stage is age-related and has structural features that permit certain types of knowing and understanding.
- Introduces jean piaget's cognitive theory, which explains how biology influences how children conceptualize and deal with tasks at different stages while growing up.
- Explains that transtheoretical model of behavior assesses that behavior change is conceptualized as a process that changes over time.
- Explains piaget's view of cognitive development as a process that follows universal patterns. each stage is age-related and has structural features that permit certain types of knowing and understanding.
- Explains that piaget's cognitive theory is a breakthrough in the field of psychology and it is still relevant today.
- Explains that precontemplation is when an individual has no intention of taking action in the foreseeable future and unaware that the behavior is problematic.
- Explains that the individual takes specific actions to modify the problematic behavior. this stage requires time and energy to correct the behavior and is the most visible that it receives external recognition.
- Explains that both theories focus on behavior. transtheoretical model emphasizes on decision-making of the individual to change a problematic behavior on their own. cognitive theory ignores societal roles in change.
1021 wordsRead More - Compare Piaget And Vygotskyargumentative essayThese stages were: sensorimotor intelligence, preoperational thought, concrete operations, and formal operations. Even though there were age ranges that were assigned to each stage, Piaget stated that, “children move through the stages in an invariant sequence” (Cognitive Development: Piaget and Vygotsky). Each stage is simply a representation the increasing complex ways that children think as they progress from birth to adulthood. As sated earlier, children are constantly exploring and trying to gain an understanding of the world around them. While engaging in this process, children are developing their own modes of thinking and utilizing the information being presented to them. Overall, cognitive development is not driven by an internal process or lessons from a teacher.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that jean piaget and lev vygotsky have contributed to the field of education by offering unique explanations of the development of cognitive abilities and learning styles of children.
- Explains piaget's view that the development of intelligence is the result of the interaction between the child and the environment.
- Argues that the theory of cognitive-development, developed by jean piaget, focuses on logical thinking and reasoning and complex situations.
- Explains that jean piaget and lev vygotsky have contributed to the field of education by offering unique explanations of the development of cognitive abilities and learning styles of children.
- Explains piaget's view that the development of intelligence is the result of the interaction between the child and the environment.
- Argues that the theory of cognitive-development, developed by jean piaget, focuses on logical thinking and reasoning and complex situations.
- Explains piaget's concept of the zone of proximal development, which led psychologists wood, bruner, and ross to develop the term scaffolding.
- Compares piaget and vygotsky's theories of cognitive development, stating that they both believe that learning occurs before any type of development.
- Explains that both psychologists contributed influential information to help parents and teaches understand children learn to the best of their abilities and help them be more successful in the classroom.
1511 wordsRead More - Piaget Theory Essayanalytical essayThis stage lasts from around 7 years to 11 years. In this stage, Piaget proposed that children now can begin to execute tasks that require logic such as “conservation” and mathematical transformations. During the “concrete operational stage”, children also enjoy jokes that allow them to use their new level of understanding. Nevertheless, children at this stage are only capable of performing mental activities on actual objects rather than abstract objects.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that jean piaget's theory of cognitive growth during childhood was a major model for understanding the intricate steps of mental development from the thinking to understanding.
- Explains that piaget's theory is based on the idea that as children construct their understandings while interacting with the world, they experience spurts of change and greater stability as they move from one cognitive plateau to another.
- Explains that piaget's "sensorimotor stage" is the first stage of his theory. it is essentially time of practical discovery through the senses and external actions.
- Explains that jean piaget's theory of cognitive growth during childhood was a major model for understanding the intricate steps of mental development from the thinking to understanding.
- Explains that piaget's theory is based on the idea that as children construct their understandings while interacting with the world, they experience spurts of change and greater stability as they move from one cognitive plateau to another.
- Explains that piaget's "sensorimotor stage" is the first stage of his theory. it is essentially time of practical discovery through the senses and external actions.
- Explains how piaget proposed that a child fails to understand the concept of "conservation" — the belief that things remain constant in terms of number, quantity, and volume irrespective of variations in appearance.
- Analyzes how piaget observed egocentrism in his "three mountains scene" experiment. the child chose a picture that showed the scene, which the teddy was able to see.
- Explains that the concrete operational stage is the third stage of piaget's theory, where children can begin to execute tasks that require logic such as "conservation" and mathematical transformations.
- Explains that the "formal operational stage" of piaget's theory begins from about 12 years through adulthood. the child is now capable of thinking and reasoning scientifically.
- Explains that piaget's original theory said he saw cognitive development as happening in distinct stages, but this concept has been challenged in contemporary psychology.
- Argues that piaget's unique approach for experiments has been criticized for being too difficult for children of a small age to understand fully. ginsberg and dansen claimed that his techniques were only good for examining "the subtleties of the child’s cognitive structure."
- Explains that piaget's findings are difficult to translate or use for comparisons among children. without a statistical analysis, researchers and psychologists have been forced to make assumptions about the children he used based on his brief details.
- Analyzes how piaget's experiments to detect egocentrism, like the three mountain scene, confused the children. in hughes' experiment, a doll was concealed from the view of the toy police officer.
- Opines that piaget's theory of cognitive development is a major model for understanding the intricate steps of mental development from the thinking to understanding for children at certain ages.
1230 wordsRead More - Analysis Of Jean Piaget's Cognitive Developmentanalytical essayPiaget did not state that just because a child is a certain age, that they must be entering a specific stage. However, based on his clinical observations, most children at the designated age can perform given tasks and thoughts. Additionally, Piaget believes that these stages of development must be gone through in the same order and no stage can be skipped. However, some individuals never progress to the final stages, and demonstrate immature reasoning and inability to think of the
In this essay, the author
- Explains jean piaget's cognitive development theory, which states that the actual chronological age of an adolescent is not as important as the age they experience things.
- Explains that children develop their own languages and words, think and reason in mental images, and play and think symbolically.
- Explains that the concrete operational stage, ages seven to eleven, or eight to twelve, is an important milestone in the child's brain development.
- Explains jean piaget's cognitive development theory, which states that the actual chronological age of an adolescent is not as important as the age they experience things.
- Explains that children develop their own languages and words, think and reason in mental images, and play and think symbolically.
- Explains that the concrete operational stage, ages seven to eleven, or eight to twelve, is an important milestone in the child's brain development.
- Explains that the fourth and final stage of cognitive development is the formal operations stage. the adolescent displays logical thought processes, but also can generalize thought to abstract thinking, concepts, and scenarios.
- Explains that adolescents in america face challenges that other generations and cultures did not, regarding learning styles and cognitive thinking. the american culture spends less time with their children because of the busy, fast-paced lifestyle.
- Analyzes how piaget's development theory changed the way cognitive development in children was viewed at the time, and still holds some truth today.
986 wordsRead More - The First Level Of Piaget's Cognitive Developmentexplanatory essayThe concrete operational stage occurs when an individual is about 7 to 11. This is the stage when a child is “capable of decentration”, which is “focusing on several aspects of a problem and relating to them, rather than centering on just one” (Berk, 2012, p. 438). The child now has the ability to recognize the different perspectives and ideas of given situations. During this stage, a child can now understand that there is some sort of progress from a beginning to an end. A child can now achieve simple and rational operations, but only if he or she is related to concrete samples or relatable experiences to the
In this essay, the author
- Explains that piaget's cognitive development theory refers to the sensorimotor stage, which is the time from birth to about 2 years of age.
- Analyzes how the child starts distinguishing himself or herself to the environment, and becomes intentional with its actions. this has to do with self-satisfaction.
- Explains that the first level of a child's intelligence is the realization that words can be used to cue mental images of things not physically present.
- Explains that piaget's cognitive development theory refers to the sensorimotor stage, which is the time from birth to about 2 years of age.
- Analyzes how the child starts distinguishing himself or herself to the environment, and becomes intentional with its actions. this has to do with self-satisfaction.
- Explains that the first level of a child's intelligence is the realization that words can be used to cue mental images of things not physically present.
- Explains that piaget's preoperational stage refers to a child between the ages of two to seven years old. he defines operations as manipulating objects in relation to each other.
- Explains that actions are internalizable since they are carried out on objects before being performed on symbols. they are reversible as opposed to simple actions which are irreversibly.
- Explains that while the child gains symbolic representations of experiences and objects, the thought process becomes more efficient and extensive compared to the earlier stage.
- Explains the concrete operational stage of piaget's cognitive development theory, which occurs when an individual is about 7-11 years old.
- Explains that the fourth stage of piaget's cognitive development theory is the formal operational stage. this stage is when children develop the capacity for abstract systematic, scientific thinking.
972 wordsRead More - Two Great Men Jean Piaget Analysisopinion essayThe children learn through sensory play and discovery through inquiry. The Preoperational Stage is from ages 2 years to 7 years. They learn through pretend play and formulating their own opinion of the world. The Concrete Operational Stage is from ages 7 years to 11 years. Children begin to think independently and take others views into consideration. Finally, you have The Formal Operational Stage for ages 12 years and up. These teenagers begin to think abstractly and use deductive reasoning.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that jean piaget was born in switzerland in the late 1800s and became a published author at the age of 11 years old. he formalized his research to categorize child development into four stages.
- Explains the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage and concrete operational stage. they learn through pretend play and formulating their own opinion of the world.
- Explains that vygotsky, a russian psychologist born in the 1800s, is considered the founder of social theory. his research supports children's learning through social interactions and cultural influences.
- Explains that jean piaget was born in switzerland in the late 1800s and became a published author at the age of 11 years old. he formalized his research to categorize child development into four stages.
- Explains the sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage and concrete operational stage. they learn through pretend play and formulating their own opinion of the world.
- Explains that vygotsky, a russian psychologist born in the 1800s, is considered the founder of social theory. his research supports children's learning through social interactions and cultural influences.
- Explains that piaget and vygotsky's research has been used as the framework in education to explain a child’s learning style and ability.
- Explains that vygotsky is a sound alternative to piaget’s thinking. he believes that children learn through social interactions and can be influenced by their culture.
- Explains that vygotsky believes in scaffolding resources during problem solving to provide a child with additional knowledge. this knowledge and resources gives the child the tools to begin solving the problem.
- Compares piaget and vygotsky's underlying beliefs, stating that both have offered solid, effective contributions to education.
- Opines that both piaget and vgotsky have provided the field of education with quality frameworks on child development.
1099 wordsRead More - Sigmund Freud And Child Development Case Studyexplanatory essayThese include the sensorimotor stage that says the time in between birth and age; two during an infant’s information of the world is limited and there sensory perceptions and motor activities. The second is Preoperational stage which is a period between ages two and six when a child learns to use language and talk. They do not understand what there saying but they have the concept. The third is the concrete operational stage, which includes the age between seven and eleven during which children gain a better grasp of mental operations. The forth is the formal operational stage which incorporates the period between age twelve to adulthood, when people develop the ability to think about abstract concepts.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that this information would be important to know and keep in the back of their mind because it will help those who deal with kids now.
- Explains that bronfenbrenner developed the ecological system theory to show us how in a child’s surroundings it affects how the child grows and develops.
- Explains the germinal stage of prenatal development, embryonic stage, and fetal stage.
- Opines that this information would be important to know and keep in the back of their mind because it will help those who deal with kids now.
- Explains that bronfenbrenner developed the ecological system theory to show us how in a child’s surroundings it affects how the child grows and develops.
- Explains the germinal stage of prenatal development, embryonic stage, and fetal stage.
- Explains that physical development in children includes new motor, cognitive, language and social skills. they state that language development is suggested that a child is more sensitive to language at certain points in development.
1036 wordsRead More - The article cites very little of the actual facts of the study making the claims harder to accept and more susceptible to critique. The study itself seems to have overlooked some added external effects and made some assumptions critical to the issue. One factor discussed in class is the size of the study and the people comprising the study. The study size is a decent study size of 37,000. However, the study does not specify some serious factors, such as family size, the structure of the family, the age of the participants and how long the study followed children.
In this essay, the author
- Explains clark's article, "childhood obesity may be linked to parenting styles," which discusses a study of canadian children and the finding that stricter parents have an effect on the obesity of the children
- Analyzes how the article cites very little of the actual facts of a study making the claims harder to accept and more susceptible to critique.
- Explains that the academic article, "in the name of the children: the gendered politics of childhood obesity," has views on childhood obesity and the affect of parents on the children.
- Explains clark's article, "childhood obesity may be linked to parenting styles," which discusses a study of canadian children and the finding that stricter parents have an effect on the obesity of the children
- Analyzes how the article cites very little of the actual facts of a study making the claims harder to accept and more susceptible to critique.
- Explains that the academic article, "in the name of the children: the gendered politics of childhood obesity," has views on childhood obesity and the affect of parents on the children.
- Explains that clark's article does not specify or analyze the socioeconomic status of the families included in the study.
- Analyzes how clark's article, "in the name of the child," does not address a possible difference between parents and fathers.
- Analyzes how clark's article concludes that diet alone is to blame for childhood obesity.
- Analyzes how the food industry in the united states has a great deal of influence on the american people.
- Concludes that the assumption that obesity would be decreased if parents were less strict about children’s eating habits and less restricting is not effectively proven. if the study looked at parenting styles along with socioeconomic status and the specific roles of parents, this could be relevant to the obesity rates in the united states.
814 wordsRead More - Child Development: The Development Of Children In Preschoolexplanatory essayThis stage of development was described by Piaget as the preoperational stage. Children are often in this stage from ages two to seven. Children in this stage begin using symbolic thinking. Their reasoning skills begin to develop as well. Cognitive development is also very important in this stage of a child’s life (Feldman, 2011). Their thinking is partially logical, however they are limited (Fleming, 2004). They can only look at things from their perspective, which is called egocentrism. They cannot yet understand steps for transformations. They also do not comprehend that appearances can be deceiving. They do, however, develop their use of symbolic function. This is their ability to use symbols to describe something. Vygotsky also said that cognitive development is the result of social interactions. Children are guided and supported in solving problems (Feldman,
In this essay, the author
- Explains that children in preschool go through many different stages of development, including physical, psychosocial, cognitive, moral, and various other stages.
- Explains that children in the preschool years undergo physical development and changes. they begin to slim down and get taller, have stronger muscles and bones, and need at least 1700 calories a day.
- Explains that as children grow bigger and stronger, their motor skills, both gross and fine, will be important. they will learn and be able to do skills such as writing and tying their shoes.
- Explains that children in preschool go through many different stages of development, including physical, psychosocial, cognitive, moral, and various other stages.
- Explains that children in the preschool years undergo physical development and changes. they begin to slim down and get taller, have stronger muscles and bones, and need at least 1700 calories a day.
- Explains that as children grow bigger and stronger, their motor skills, both gross and fine, will be important. they will learn and be able to do skills such as writing and tying their shoes.
- Explains that the brain develops greatly during this stage. by age 5, it will be 90% of the full weight. brain lateralization, myelination, and neural impulses become faster and precise.
- Explains erik erikson's definition of psychosocial development, which occurs during ages three to six, and states that the child must pass this stage to move on to the next.
- Explains that children go through cognitive development during the preschool years. this stage of development is described by piaget as the preoperational stage.
- Explains that preschooler's moral development develops along with cognitive development. they are learning about what is right and wrong, which shapes their behavior.
- Explains that piaget studied a child's moral development that accompanied the cognition. their egocentric thinking creates their morality and guilt is the result if rules are violated.
- Explains that kohlberg viewed morality in children more as philosophy. he studied situations where right and wrong wasn't clear-cut. children in preschool are in his stage one.
- Explains that play is essential for the child's development during preschool. it supports their social development. play promotes cognitive development, creativity, and concentration.
- Explains that as a child grows older, their language and learning also develops. they need support to help learn effectively and aid their cognitive development.
- Explains that the child's language is vastly developing. by three years of age, they are able to combine word, use grammar correctly and communicate effectively and appropriately with others.
- Explains that children during preschool age go through many different types of development. they develop physically as they grow and their brain develops. their cognitive development builds during this age.
1207 wordsRead More - Culturally Consistent Spacial Layout Improves Learning and Memoryargumentative essayMethod: The participants involved in the experiment were 48 American children of different ages ranging from 2 ½ years to 5 years old living in New York and 48 Israeli children aged 3 to 4 years. Some children were excluded from the experiment for reasons ranging from experimenter errors to participants not being able to cooperate and learn what the experimenter was teaching them in order to participate.
In this essay, the author
- Explains how the first experiment involved labeling boxes with letters and teaching participants the letter names that corresponded to each box. the children were given 5 different scenarios to guess where the monkey was.
- Explains that children may still have difficulty remembering the instructions of the instructor, let alone memorizing patterns of boxes and the box letter the monkey was in and its corresponding matching box on the second row.
- Explains that the hypothesis of the experiment was that spatial layout similar across culture ameliorates learning and recollection, and that ordinal properties of information make it easier to learn new patterns and information.
- Explains how the first experiment involved labeling boxes with letters and teaching participants the letter names that corresponded to each box. the children were given 5 different scenarios to guess where the monkey was.
- Explains that children may still have difficulty remembering the instructions of the instructor, let alone memorizing patterns of boxes and the box letter the monkey was in and its corresponding matching box on the second row.
- Explains that the hypothesis of the experiment was that spatial layout similar across culture ameliorates learning and recollection, and that ordinal properties of information make it easier to learn new patterns and information.
- Recommends writing a summary of the study that reviews the purpose, variables, hypotheses, method, results, and major conclusions.
- Explains how to integrate what you've read in the article with what's learned about developmental psychology in this class.
- Analyzes the limitations of the study, including the fact that children were only recruited from one city in the states, while children from three regions in israel were used.
- Opines that the findings of the study could be applied to everyday life. the israeli four-year-olds were more likely to use a letter matching method than the american children.
1396 wordsRead More - The Human Papillomavirus ( Hpv )explanatory essaySome limitations in this project where set by the small sample size and potential response bias of the participants. These led to the acceptance of few alternate hypotheses, which could have been avoided with a larger sample. Also, while the participants were contacted through random digit dialing, this created a sample bias since only people with a listed phone number were reached. Of this sample reached,
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the human papillomavirus (hpv) is the most common sexually transmitted infection, which affects nearly all women and men at some point in their life.
- Explains that the paper provides a background on and literature review of the hpv vaccine and its effectiveness.
- Explains that the hpv vaccine is administered to 11 and 12 year old girls and boys in three doses over a course of six months.
- Explains that the human papillomavirus (hpv) is the most common sexually transmitted infection, which affects nearly all women and men at some point in their life.
- Explains that the paper provides a background on and literature review of the hpv vaccine and its effectiveness.
- Explains that the hpv vaccine is administered to 11 and 12 year old girls and boys in three doses over a course of six months.
- Explains that the us food and drug administration (fda) has licensed three vaccines for sale to prevent hpv.
- Explains the effect of attribute framing on individuals' stances on the effectiveness of the hpv vaccine.
- Explains that the researchers predicted higher positive ratings for this vaccine with a positive frame, as well as lower approval ratings with negative frames on the vaccine.
- Explains that a sample group of 334 subjects was tested over the course of two trials. the control group was not subjected to either frame, rather they were only required to answer the uniform survey.
- Concludes that the type of framing correlated to an individual’s stance on the effectiveness of the hpv vaccine.
- Explains that the small sample size and potential response bias of the participants led to the acceptance of few alternate hypotheses, which could have been avoided with a larger sample.
1233 wordsRead More - Theories of Child Developmentexplanatory essayJean Piaget believed in four stages of development that were fairly concrete in description (Atherton, 2010).
In this essay, the author
- Explains that children begin to make sense of the world around them based on their interaction with their physical environment. reality begins to be defined.
- Explains that concrete physical stimuli are needed in order for a child to develop new concepts.
- Explains that as a child accumulates experience with the physical world, he/she conceptualizes to explain those experiences. abstract thought is also emerging.
- Explains that children begin to make sense of the world around them based on their interaction with their physical environment. reality begins to be defined.
- Explains that concrete physical stimuli are needed in order for a child to develop new concepts.
- Explains that as a child accumulates experience with the physical world, he/she conceptualizes to explain those experiences. abstract thought is also emerging.
- Explains that theories abound around how people develop emotionally, intellectually, socially and spiritually. this essay will examine the theories of five leaders on the subject of development.
- Explains lev vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development, which is the difference between what a child is able to solve on its own (actual developmental level) and what the child can learn only with the help of another person.
- Explains jensen's belief that the quality of the interaction with the environment sculpts the thinking learner’s brain.
- Explains that the end product of moral reasoning is a particular behavior.
1024 wordsRead More - Issue Briefopinion essayThe sample size of each survey was 1,000 respondents over the age of 19. The surveys were conducted by Research & Research, and the margin of error is ±3.1% at the 95% confidence level. All surveys employed the Random Digit Dialing method for mobile and landline telephones.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that both parties called for full disclosure of the transcript, albeit for very different reasons, but a search at the national archives, where the original transcript was supposed to be stored, turned up nothing.
- Analyzes how respondents were split between keeping the document classified and disclosing it in its entirety. saenuri supporters, a group famous for their unwavering support of the party, opposed disclosure.
- Concludes that the nll is too complex an issue for the public to understand and the controversy over the confidentiality of the summit documents complicates it even more.
- Explains that both parties called for full disclosure of the transcript, albeit for very different reasons, but a search at the national archives, where the original transcript was supposed to be stored, turned up nothing.
- Analyzes how respondents were split between keeping the document classified and disclosing it in its entirety. saenuri supporters, a group famous for their unwavering support of the party, opposed disclosure.
- Concludes that the nll is too complex an issue for the public to understand and the controversy over the confidentiality of the summit documents complicates it even more.
- Opines that the lack of confidence in the national assembly is palpable. since the asan institute began tracking confidence, it has been seen as the least trusted institution.
- Opines that the recent spate of scandals has done little to present the national assembly as able to take on a greater role in governing the country.
- Analyzes how south korea has come since the kcia, the notorious forerunner to the nis, shook the hearts of progressive south koreans with its spying, coercion, and torture.
- Opines that the nis' activities did not yield the kind of public outcry one might expect considering how seriously the south korean public generally guards its democratic principles.
- Opines that the apathy of the korean public raises concerns about the loss of political efficacy in korea. the asan institute’s annual survey in 2012 indicates 55.1% of koreans thought politicians were not interested in what ordinary citizens thought.
- Opines that the prospect for real reform is minimal, since neither party was punished by public opinion.
- Analyzes how the parties were unable to agree on who should testify before the national assembly in hearings related to the matter, not to mention a set of serious reforms.
- Explains the methodology of the surveys conducted by research & research, and the margin of error is 3.1% at the 95% confidence level.
796 wordsRead More - Gender Development Essayopinion essayin said children. A study that can be used to explain the effect parents have on their
In this essay, the author
- Explains gender, which is different from sex, is defined as the social construct of being masculine.
- Explains that it is how a person sees themselves, whether they are male, female, or neither.
- Explains kohlberg's theory that gender labelling occurs around the age of three.
- Explains gender, which is different from sex, is defined as the social construct of being masculine.
- Explains that it is how a person sees themselves, whether they are male, female, or neither.
- Explains kohlberg's theory that gender labelling occurs around the age of three.
- Explains the second stage, gender stability, which occurs in 4 to 5 year olds, involves the children.
- Illustrates how a girl may believe that if she cuts her hair and plays with trucks, she is boy.
- Explains that the third stage is usually around age 6 and involves most children understanding that they are able to handle it.
- Explains that in this stage, they also become more aware about what is involved in.
- Opines that their internal feelings may not match what society expects of them.
- Explains how boys became boys at the age of 12 and the onset of puberty.
- Opines that the case study may not be applicable to those who do not share the mutation.
- Analyzes the influence of parents and other relevant adults in the lives of children.
- Describes a study that can explain the effect parents have on their children.
- Analyzes how football or "stop running around like that, you're a girl".
- Explains that relevant adults are role models for children, and they usually try to do things.
- Opines that the study was conducted in the western world, so it may not be applicable to other countries.
- Opines that women taking up the expressive role of the household, while men taking the role.
- Opines that socialist theorists may disagree and say that in the past this may have been true.
- Explains that both biological and social factors play roles.
- Concludes that although social and biological factors play a part, it is largely biological.
- Explains that a majority of men in middle east survey believe women's sexuality.
- Explains eagly, a. h., & wood, w. the origins of sex differences in human behavior.
- Explains that social theorists believe that gender is influenced by factors that are in the environment in which the child is brought up.
- Explains that even though the children spent a great part of the formative years as females, they adapted to what was socially acceptable as male behaviour.
- Explains that even if a child is born male, it takes his environment to make him aware of that.
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