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Catholic church during medieval times
European spread of christianity
Catholic church during medieval times
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NTRODUCTION
Throughout the Middle Ages, there were many changes taking place, caused by different tribes, kingdoms and Empires in conflict due to fighting over land, supply and cultural differences. One of the most defining differences was religion, which created a different belief system and values of a society. During the early Middle Ages, the Roman Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire had the mission of the conversion and re-conversion of most of Western Europe. “Christianity had been well-established in Roman Spain, Gaul and Britain, but the Church had lost ground during the Germanic invasions of the 5th and 6th Centuries”. The Church had to convert the Germanic tribes who were considered to be barbarians into Christianity if they wanted to expand the religion to vast regions that practiced Paganism and make sure that Christianity was the
With the support of the Bishops, a large amount of wealth began to be gifted to Clovis I by the Bishop. The gifts from the Bishops and the wealth that ensued lead to the Merovingian Kingdom being full of extremely influential and wealthy citizens. With the conversion to Christianity, Clovis I’s battles became a part of holy wars against people that were non-believers of the Christian faith. This in many ways allowed him to have allies that were already allied with the Holy Roman Empire, giving Clovis a large amount of power. Becoming a Christian led to more positives than negatives, by having more power it led to winning a war against the Visigoths, who were pushed back to the Iberian Peninsula and allowed Christianity to give the Franks a greater security. The Battle of Tolbiac was a major turning point for Western Europe and religion, causing Christianity to gain more followers, thus gaining more power and influence in the rest of
The power structures of Medieval Christianity allowed the church to use religion as a tool and as an excuse to systematically oppress a certain segment of society, in order to establish their control. This reflects the theories of both Marx and Freud, and is as relevant in the Middle Ages, as it was during the Industrial Revolution. For the purpose of this essay, a Medieval time frame between the years of 1000 – 1400 A.D has been established. This is set to focus on the influence of religion during a specific era, rather than attempt to broaden the topic. Medieval Christianity used religion to ensure that the feudal structure of society stood in place, and that no one would step outside of their domain. Since Christianity was the most powerful religion during this era, it used its influence to oppress and discriminate against minor religions such as Judaism, creating a wave of hatred and violence against these people. Additionally, the inquisition was an effective way of ensuring that everyone would adhere to the ideals of the church, and not their own.
Religion has always been and probably always will be a huge part of the majority of society’s life, dictating their every thought and action. Politics, communication, education, it’s all affected by religion. People’s opinions and views are shaped based on religious texts and speeches, and our laws are too. It’s everywhere we look within the modern world and it is not about to go away, and even back in Elizabethan England religion was a major part of the people’s lives.
Charlemagne wanted to strengthen Europe, but how would he do it. He made everyone convert to Christianity to unify
In 312 CE, Roman Emperor Constantine achieved a victory at the Milvian Bridge. The night previous to this battle, Constantine dreamt of a cross inscribed in hoc signo vinces, in this sign you will conquer. As trivial as this dream may seem, it ultimately signified the beginning of the rise of Christianity. With his victory, Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity and supported and encouraged it throughout the empire. In 313 CE, another milestone occurred as the emperors, both Constantine I of the West and Licinius of the East, signed the Edict of Milan declaring that the Diocletianic Persecution would end, and Christianity would be tolerated in the Roman Empire. This religion began to flourish as people quickly converted from pagan religions and joined those following Christianity. 391 CE solidified the practice of Christianity as Theodosius declared it the state religion and outlawed paganism (Bennett). These pious progressions offered the people a new way of life along with their religion. They practiced a religion that saves them eternally from damnation and works towards salvation for their entire earthly lives. As well as enriching the lives of Christians from a perspective of eternal salvation, it could be questioned whether the spread of Christianity supplemented only the souls of those practicing, or had it provided more to the people of the Medieval Ages?
Circa 1000 CE, Catholic and Byzantine Empires and Muslim Caliphates were located near the Mediterranean Basin. They had differences beliefs in religion which led to crusades. The Catholic Empire resided in Medieval Europe. Feudalism played a huge role in shaping medieval life. People wanted protection for their land, their homes, and themselves. Feudalism was the way of life in Western Europe for centuries. At the top was the Monarch, and at the bottom were the Peasants. In Feudalism, local lords gave land to their vassals in exchange for loyalty and service. The Catholics had strong religious beliefs also. They were very faithful to the Pope, who was the spiritual leader of the Roman Catholic Church. Christians believed that all people were sinners, and the way to avoid punishment of hell, they would have to believe in Christ and participate in the sacraments. Since the Church was in control of the religious
The blessing of the church helped to unify and strengthen the resolve of the Frankish people as they withstood or conquered the heathen Viking and eastern Germanic tribes. The fact that Charles was Christian and was backed by the Catholic church must have certainly helped keep other christian powers from allying with these barbarians. For Rome, there were suddenly new peoples to convert, and keep from direct opposition to the The Great Christian Emperor.
Throughout the course of Medieval society, the people were burdened with many struggles which plagued the Middle Ages. However, through the struggles and times of conflict the people preserved through the hard times. During the difficult times, religion, politics and interaction played a significant role in medieval society.
Life is full of frustrations and confusion. There are times that questioning the purpose of one’s life to be living at all from their belief and faith in the one they believe. Christian Adherents are faced with these issues and are misguided by the loquacious talk of philosophers and scientists that seem to argue that the existence of human beings have been derived by something else other than God. These are illustrated through various forms of media and deem to be very convincing for most. However, there are people and ideas of the Christian Religion to comply back with what is said against it. Pope John XXIII was a significant role model for the Christian Religion as he showed true belief and faith to God through his deeds. Topics in debate of Bioethical issues are in question and the practices of the Christian belief are fact to the individual of the means of questioning the purpose here on Earth. Regarding the letter from Paul to the Corinthians, it says “Be on guard; stand firm in faith; be men of courage, be strong.” Its significance to believers is that they can be deceived in time of desperation and at times of hardship but God tells them to stay strong in faith and in courage no matter the distress they are facing.
Between 1000 and 1300 were the Middle Ages, also referred to as the Age of Faith. During this time, the Roman Catholic Church dominated influencing much of the medieval culture and values. Christendom, the Christen community of this time, and their beliefs had infused the writings, art, drama, and music as well. However, by the thirteenth century, the fusion of architecture, sculpture, painting, metalwork, literature, and music had focused primarily of the Gothic Cathedral. With these cathedrals also came “visionary” sculpture, stained glass windows, painted altarpieces, illuminated manuscripts, and much more artistic expression that reflected the religious vitality of the Age of Faith (Fiero 147). The Chartres Cathedral, also known as the
While Islam was a more overtly religious empire, Latin Christendom is undeniably a Christian empire comprised of several Christian kingdoms. the boundaries of the empire were not merely physical, they were spiritual, hence the ensuing conflicts in the Levant. religion grew to be one of the most dominant factors of eastern and western civilization. The conflicts over “holy lands only highlighted and emphasized the fundament theological differences between groups. The differences sparked conflict after conflict, firmly defining one another as distinct. The modern “common” definition of Europe and its boundaries is nearly synonymous with the boundaries of the 13th century empire of Christendom. Yet the geographical boundaries encompass vastly different realities, ideologies and political actors. Historian Peter Burke wrote the Europe “is not so much a place as an idea.” this simple yet profound statement encapsulates the enduring complexities of historical studies of Europe. The Middle Ages and the rise of Christendom in some ways developed a more concrete definition of Europe. In other ways the rise of Christianity and its conflicts further blurred the boundaries by adding a far less fixed attribute into the equation, religion. The empire of Christendom and its defining characteristics continued to change as the Renaissance dawned across
The answers to these questions can only be derived from one interest: religion. Religion, for the most part, has held an integral part of human life. It is a practice that allows people to explain the unexplainable, to connect with a deeper, higher power, and to learn about the world’s existence. Many people resorted to their religious beliefs to search for answers and explanations about their ways of life. In early modern Europe, religion carried a prominent role in political institutions, and many social beliefs were framed on the basis of God. Moreover, the Church and the Bible were significant expressions of religion. The Church was a major institution that served as a symbol of people’s integrity and firm beliefs of religion. However,
All in all, the Crusades helped shape Europe’s history with the growth and spread of new religious institution and the military order of knighthood. They helped support other crusades against non-christian groups, such as the Slavs or Prussians, and against heretics. The crusades caused people to take religious vows into religious orders. Some of these orders became very rich, one example being the Knights Templar. “It [the Crusades] was the most explicit crystallization of militant Christianity” (Roberts, 151).
Earlier times have contributed much to create the world that is lived in today. Without some of the natural findings of the earlier civilizations the world, we would not be to where we are today. Religion was generally considered high amongst these times. In these times things were based off of the rise, decline and success of religion in the thirteenth, fourteenth, and sixteenth centuries. Religion was respected to the highest aspect; kings, monarchs and the worst of the worst honored the religious practices. During the thirteenth century came about the rise of the Catholic Church, the fourteenth century brought about Renaissance and religion. Finally
Life in the Middle Ages were like hell to some people and like heaven to others. The Middle Ages had three levels of society, The king, The Barons, and the peasants. Kings ruled by divine right and were believed to be chosen by god. People believed to rebel against the king was a sin but that did not stop them from rebelling. A great king would have had to have a strong personality or the barons would try to rebel against him. The king gave land to the barons in exchange for soldiers that would fight for so many days out of a year.
The above statement can perhaps best sum up the relationship between Christianity and Europe throughout the ages. Christianity has been the strongest single influence in the history of Europe. Regardless of the century, no discussion would be complete without reference being made, at least in small part, to the Church. It is true that in recent centuries this influence has declined significantly, but nevertheless one could argue that it still plays an important part in the lives of many people. Throughout history Christianity has been both a unifying force and also a force for disunity. During the Dark Ages it was the only unifying force. By the Middle Ages people defined themselves by their religion and in Europe this religion had become Christianity. Through it's missionary work, it's monasteries, it's education, it pilgrimages, it's crusades, it's influence on art and architecture and it's Papacy it had united the peoples of Europe. By the thirteenth century all of Europe was Christian. It's ideas penetrated every aspect of life and every political and economic arrangement. It's churches could be seen in the major cities as well as the mountainside villages of rural Europe. It's bishop's were part of the politics of countries at the highest level and for many centuries it's clergy played the role of civil servants to the European rulers. It helped form the foundations of modern human rights and law across Christendom. By the end of the reformation Christianity had passed it's peak of influence on European society, and so in evaluating it's influence, it is perhaps best to end t...