Einstein's theory of relativity is a famous theory, but it's little understood. Essentially, the theory of relativity refers to two different parts of the same theory: special relativity and general relativity. The theory of special relativity was introduced first, and was later considered to be a special case of the more comprehensive theory of general relativity. During the nineteenth century, scientists believed that light is a wave. They reasoned that waves of light need a medium to travel through, so they invented the concept of "ether." Light was thought to transmit through the ether, which stands still while all matter moves through it. In order to measure the earth's speed through the ether, Albert A. Michelson and Edward Morley collaborated on an experiment in 1887. In the experiment, one beam of light took a route against the ether and back while the other was perpendicular to the ether. Michelson and Morley expected to calculate the speed of the earth through the ether, to their surprise, the beams of light completed the course in the same time. However, the well-known Michelson-Morley experiment had failed to detect Earth's motion relative to the ether and no one could explain why. Something was wrong with the traditional understanding of relativity as it applied to light. Within this essay we will further explain both parts of the theory of relativity and their relevance in our world.
The General Theory of Relativity demonstrates that time is related or linked to matter and space (AllAboutScience). For example, a period of time for someone on Earth that lasts for hundreds of years might only be a couple of hours for someone speeding around in a rocket at nearly the speed of light (IFLScience). Another example is the
For the dissection of the Theory of Relativity, I will be focusing on two important concepts: that of spacetime as the 4th dimension and the speed of light. The fourth dimension is called space-time because the two elements cannot be separated: as I move in space, I also move forward in time. Spacetime as a unified dimension is a smooth constant. As 3D beings we only experience a “now” and Special Relativity says each person has their own relative time (CITE). If two people were observing the same event from two different locations, it would appear that the event happened at two different times. This is caused by the time it takes for light to travel through space to reach the observer. An example of this is two people standing half a mile away from one another and hearing the siren of an ambulance traveling on the road. The sound waves reach the observers at different times and fade away from their hearing at different times. The event being observed occurs at the same instant but is perceived relative to the observer.
Albert Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity, or Special Relativity, was first published in 1905 in a paper with the title of “On the electrodynamics of moving bodies.” As the title suggests, Special Relativity is a theory of “moving bodies,” or motion. It is a theory of how motion is dependent on the frames of reference of the observer, which went against previous schools of thought. (Stephani, 2004) As such, special relativity is described as a theory of how space and time would be perceived differently by distinct observers from distinct location.
He explained that if a bucket of water is hung by a twisted cord and then released, the bucket will spin in relation to the water and the observer. As the bucket keeps spinning, the water’s surface becomes concave but the concavity of the water shows rotation that is relatively at rest to the pail. Meaning; absolute space remain similar will always in relation to anything external. Sir Isaac Newton’s absolute space and absolute time claim were accepted at the time; however, as time evolved, theories have too. The seventeenth-century ideas of Newton differed with the twentieth century views of Einstein on time and space.
Greene continues with his explanations of the special theory of relativity.Chapter 3: Of Warps and Ripples Green begins the chapter by describing "Newton's View of Gravity" and continues by discussing the incompatibility of Newtonian Gravity and Special Relativity. The author also talks about how Einstein discovered the link between acceleration and the warping of space and time. Greene also discuses the basic aspects of General Relativity. He later points out how the two theories of relativity effect black holes, the big bang, and the expansion of space.Chapter 4: Microscopic Weirdness This chapter describes, in detail, the workings of quantum mechanics.
McGregor, Kadijah
Paper 1: Metaphysics
What is time? Is time travel possible? When nothing is changing does time still exits ? Is that really true? Are you real?
1. Thought experiments were important in the development of special relativity because during Einstein's time,
A hundred years ago, a young married couple sat at a kitchen table talking over the items of the day while their young boy sat listening earnestly. He had heard the debate every night, and while there were no raised voices, their discussion was intense. It was a subject about which his parents were most passionate - the electrodynamics of moving bodies in the universe. The couple were of equal intelligence and fortitude, working together on a theory that few people can comprehend even to this day. Mileva Maric Einstein was considered to be the intellectual equal of her husband Albert, but somehow went unrecognized for her contributions to the 1905 Papers, which included the Special Theory of Relativity. The stronger force of these two bodies would be propelled into the archives of scientific history, while the other would be left to die alone, virtually unknown. Mrs. Einstein was robbed. She deserved to be recognized for at least a collaborative effort, but it was not to be. The role which society had accorded her and plain, bad luck would prove to be responsible for the life of this great mathematician and scientist, gone unnoticed.
The intricacies of how time travel is theorized to work is not considered common knowledge. One of the easiest concepts to understand is paradoxes. This concept is described as an argument which the outcome does not seem possible with the initial proposition (Lycan 1). The paradox is one of the main bases for both sides of the argument. A seemingly harder concept, parallel universes, is defined as the theory that instead of a singular universe, multiple universes exist and everything is copied in each one of them (Wolf 101). This theory is opposed by the thought that only one universe exists. Following these narrow concepts, an overview of the Theory of General Relativity, a broad topic, is also needed to understand travel through time. This was proposed by Einstein and stated that matter being present will cause space-time to warp around it (Kenyon 1). This is followed by the Special Theory of Relativity which discuses how something viewing time around it, while moving, distinguishes how much time has passed between two events (Davies ). These are both integral theories that help both sides defend themselves. The hardest concept to master in studying time travel is closed time-like curves. These curves are commo...