In UK prisons probation services have been found to have a “significant lack of provision” for treating inmates with alcohol problems. (Treating Alcohol-Related Violence Intermediate Outcomes in a Feasibility Study for a Randomized Controlled Trial in Prisons). AA abstinence approach: The most common and accessible intervention at the moment is the Alcoholics Anonymous treatment which has several downsides, especially in r... ... middle of paper ... ...r kind of intervention that does not require them to stay completely away from alcohol, but teaches them responsible and moderate drinking behaviour. It is especially important to find a combination of alcohol based interventions that also involve reducing aggression and violence. The safest conclusion is to say, that a one size fits all treatment is unrealistic because of the big variety between individuals.
These courts focus on the underlying issues behind the offending and try to cure it at it’s roots (NIJ, 2008). There are a variety of specialty courts such as drug, domestic violence, and restorative justice. Drug courts are, as the title states, for offenders with drug problems. The participants chosen for this method agree to terms of treatment, drug testing, and counseling. Their participation can lower their sentences and sanctions or even drop the charges against them completely.
Mr. Governor, there are many ways to reduce the current problem of prison overcrowding; unfortunately many of them are not popular as they are seen as being soft on crime and as we both know that is not favorably looked upon. Some of the options would provide a temporary decongestion of the prisons while others would be a more long term reduction in inmate populations. After reviewing I believe that there are a few that we could possibly accomplish and still portray an acceptable persona to the public. These few include reviewing the mandatory sentencing laws, education opportunities, good time credits earning, conditional release of elderly inmates, foreign national occupation and after prison employment incentives.
Although research has shown that many policies that are in place are ineffective, there are some other strategies that have successfully lowered crime rates. According to Braga (2005), a technique call hot spot policing has been shown to effectively reduce crime. By police focusing on specific locations, they can deter or stop crime from occurring. Braga (2005) reviewed five randomized controlled trials pertaining to hot spot policing. The results of the me... ... middle of paper ... ...tional Institute of Justice, Retrieved from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles/171676.PDF Sherman, L., & Weisburd, D. (1995) General deterrent effects of police patrol in crime “Hot spots”: A randomized, controlled trial.
5) While that sounds great in theory, the problem arises when the public is unaware of these laws. If the punishment for breaking a law in unknown, than the fear for breaking the law is nowhere to be found. According to Dr. Mulhausen, mandatory minimum drug sentences are necessary for combatting indeterminate sentences done by judges. With these indeterminate sentences, Dr. Mulhausen feared that judges were giving criminals a second chance at life at the expense of the safety of the ppublic. By doing this, criminals who should have been spending time in jail, were let free and often went on to victimize others instead of using their second chance for good.
Rehabilitation can come in many different forms wither it be GED classes, drug treatment, therapy, job training or mental health care. When the correctional system provides rehabilitation services for offenders the offenders are less likely to reoffend. An offender that cannot read or write is less likely to find employment therefore is more likely to commit crimes to support them self, if the offender receives rehabilitation services in prison or on probation is then able to get a job and less likely to commit further criminal offences. Drug offenders who receive rehabilitation treatment are less likely to commit more offences to feed their drug habits. Large amounts of offenders do not have support systems in place from family, community or peers.
These seem like cut and dry functions, but as of late some believe that prisons in the United States have failed in their attempts to separate and rehabilitate. Not only do prisons separate the criminals from the innocent, to be effective, according to Lappin and Greene, they must also separate the criminals from the worse criminals. Convicts in prison for non-violent offenses are not supposed to be housed with violent offenders. “Unfortunately, our prisons are becoming more and more overcrowded maki... ... middle of paper ... ... abuse offender policy options. (The field works.).
Many correctional education programs focus on prisoner’s way of thinking and ability to make decisions. One of the many reasons criminals keep returning to prison is because they are often times released after many years of being incarcerated and have no assistance while returning to society. Correctional education programs are designed to eliminate such way of thinking so prison re-entry rate will drop. Programs such as Preparing Inmates for Re-Entry through Assistance, Training, and Employment Skills (PIRATES) are developed to reduce offenders’ negative career thoughts and teach essential skills in order to return back to society (Musgrove, Derzis, Shippen, & Brigman, 2012). Additionally, such programs are not only beneficial to offender’s mental health, but can also essentially reduce recidivism rate, lower cost associated with offender’s re-entry, support former incarcerated individuals while returning to society, educate inmates so they can get employed after being released, and potentially reduce crime.
Many social agencies have and are still being used in replacement of jail time for criminals whose crime is not as extreme. The effectiveness of probation and parole can be extremely questionable. This paper will serve to convey the reasons why Probation and Parole is not effective. The question here is whether the lack of Probation and Parole staffing and its diversity and lack of specialization affects recidivism of offenders. In the text “Creating a Supervision Tool Kit: How to Improve Probation and Parole” it is revealed that the lack of funds and growing number of offenders under community supervision has led to “ineffective supervision practices”.
The drug courts were initially started in the early 1990’s and had a unique style of per individual for rewards and consequences based off their actions in the hopes to help them successfully re-enter the community. With that model it leaves a lot of grey area and is very subjective, stricter laws later reformed this idea. When judicial power was restored to the judges they than had the power to place clients in dr... ... middle of paper ... ...m they will reside at Riker’s till the court discharges them which usually has a quick turn around time. They must than complete the drug programs and in most cases their sentences are lowered or charges are lowered. This supports the rehabilitation model versus retribution.