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Explain the concepts of accountability
why accountability formation is so important
why accountability formation is so important
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Second issues and challenges in records management is written by Albert Meijer on 2001 was discussed about Opportunities and Risk for Records Management. In this paper the findings of an international expert survey on electronic records management are presented. These findings identify occasions and risks for email systems, database management systems, office systems, web technology systems and smart systems.
Accountability was described as an occasion and risks of ICTs. Six of general elements of accountability processes can be illustrious as Trigger, Accountable person, Situation, Forum, Criteria and Sanctions. Trigger is maybe a citizen sues a government organization for an inadequate decision or alternatively for legal accountability. Accountable person is someone that held accountable for what has happened. It might be held by Parliament or director of an government organization. Action or situation for which the person or organization is accountable. Might be have to explain what the right decision must be taken or why disaster was not prevented. Forum is Parliament, a court of law, the media, citizens, peers or scientists. Criteria is to judge an action or situation where might be resulting from the law but also from political standards. And the mean of sanction is agreement where government organization might be forced to take another decision or fines might be imposed.
Concepts of accountability processes are divided into three phases that are information phase, discussion phase and sanction phase. The information phase is the forum wrinkles data from numerous of sources and reconstructs what has happened where the availability of records is of primary concern. It needs to make a reconstruction of what has happened. Gover...
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...control can still have important significances for the creation and capture of records produced by this ICT. Fourth group studied was Web Technology Systems. It was a systems with generally accepted standards for storing, retrieving, formatting and displaying information in a networked environment. Web Technology Systems can be well-known as a website that is only meant to give information to the users and a website for two way communication. The last group of technologies surveyed was Smart Systems. Organizations that use smart software risk the opportunity that records for accountability became remote in the long term due to software uselessness and difficulties of maintenance and migration. An understanding of these opportunities and risk can help organizations to acceptable implements ICTs and guarantee that records will be available for accountability.
Accountable and transparent to the public it is serving is a key feature of a public manager. These two concepts greatly measures the effectiveness of government. Being accountable simply implies being answerable to your actions as a public servant. Transparent on the other hand clearly implies the act of being open to the people. Organizations should abide by law and directives issued by government. This provides accounts of their compliance (Rainey, p 105). An effective government is one that is both accountable and transparent. “Public agencies receive request for helpful, reasonable, and flexible responses to the needs of client, their activities are public business, and citizens and the media demand relative openness to scrutiny” (Rainey,
Using a more general definition of accountability, the research focuses on both the internal and external processes agencies use as a means to report to stakeholders. As we proceed to delve deeper into the study we will examine the nonprofits organizational mission in relation to accountability mechanisms.
What procedures the legislature has put in place to ensure that the agency is accountable for its activities (for example, the requirement to produce an annual report, undergo audit by a government auditor, submit its budget to the government for approval, or have its individual expenditures approved by the government before or after they are made).
Humphrey, C. (1991) Accountable management in the public sector in chap 9 in issues in management accounting ed. Dashton, T Hopper & RW Scapens, Prentice Hall 1991.
Overall, the prospects of accountability-based reforms taking hold and becoming institutionalized are fairly good. Based on the Fernandez and Rainey framework for organizational change we see that the two steps chosen to assess accountability-based reforms in the OPD show that reforms have internal support because it improves collaboration between top managers and lower level officers by creating more manageable districts that have one go-to person that has all the responsibility. The two accountability-related tasks I chose to examine also show signs that the requirements by the court-ordered monitor show either partial or full compliancy, pointing to an upward trajectory of the institutionalization of accountability-based reforms.
Through a foundation of strong public organizations, government can aspire to fulfill societal demands. However, the strength of any organization is dependent on the strength and capabilities of a leader. With a consideration of increasing demands of a more effective and efficient government, accountability is distributed through foundational ethics and ideologies of individual administrators including leaders. This moralistic accountability can be understood through various, differing lenses—and each leader is different in emphasizing each perspective.
Police accountability is an effective way to regulate police officer’s behavior. Police accountability is applied in different ways and with different approaches. Some of these approaches include routine supervision, regular performance evaluations and early intervention systems. Police accountability is implemented by using external and internal controls. External controls include citizen complains reports and internal controls consist of early intervention systems. On the other hand, early intervention systems enhance a police officer’s accountability and overall performance. Police accountability refers to holding each police officer individually, as well as the agency as a whole, accountable for effectively enforcing
The focus is on the issues of police accountability in modern society, and in particular why their accountability is more important than other professions. This is not surprising considering the amount of power and discretion police officers have, and the level of trust that the public holds with these civil servants. Police officers accountability is the biggest thing in their profession which has been an issue of concern they have to be accountable to the police department who want the officer to be an effective and responsible person, to people in the community who have best expectation from an officer and being accountable to themselves for their acts. An ordinary citizen of a country cannot obtain the powers that police officer’s have.
Within the healthcare systems there needs to be management of access. Every patient encounter does not require access to a patient's entire medical record. Patient's medical records are their personal and private information and they have a right to keep them secure. As healthcare providers, we need to show our patients the respect they deserve as human beings. When caring for a patient it's important to be aware of all the information that is pertinent to their treatment, however there may be things in the patient's record that have nothing to do with what they are being seen for and this information needs to be kept private. Audit trails can prevent unnecessary access to patient's records by requiring healthcare staff to think twice before
Maki, P.L. (2009). Moving beyond a national habit in the call for accountability. Peer Review,
Accountability, as defined by the merriam-websters dictionary, is the quality or state of being accountable. This leads us to ask the question, what does it mean to be accountable. To be accountable is to be responsible. We are held accountable if we don’t do homework in school or if we do something we know we shouldn’t be doing. There’s always an after effect to what we do. All people are held accountable for themselves, for others and what other’s trust them with.
The last decade can be marked as a period of significant changes in the business world. Being accustomed to utilize computers as a powerful tool with its office applications such as Microsoft Word and Excel. In the 1990s office workers first faced the opportunity to share information using the Internet (McNurlin, 2009). However, the situation became even more different with the transition to the third millennium. With a further development of information technologies, the majority of big enterprises had to reconstitute their business processes and to make the transition to the Internet economy. Enterprise resource planning (ERP), supply-chain management (SCM), customer relationship management (CRM) software and the variety of other information systems became essential components of the new economy. It can be expected, that all these complex solutions were designed to bring great benefits for different sides of the corporate activity, in particular, decisions made by top-managers are expected to become nearer to the ideal, customer service is to be improved and collaboration more prolific. Nevertheless, to ensure the desired results it should be taken into account that the key concept of these reorganizations is an information or a data, dealing with which can be a serious issue, and wide utilizing of the data warehouses in contemporary organizations confirms this fact.
Asemi observe that Management Information System (MIS) is one of the information systems that is computer based. Besides, Asemi defines MIS as “an organizational method of providing past, present and project information related to internal operations and external intelligences. It supports the planning, control and operation functions of an organization by furnishing uniform information in the proper time frame to assist the decision makers,” (2011). The aim of MIS is to satisfy the general information need of the entire manager in an organization. Before the advent of computers, the process of decision-making was one that was full of built-in advantages and ad hoc methods. Computers technologies have changed the landscape of the decision-making process completely by making the process less demanding and easy to undertake. The reason for this situation is that information technology has made access to information more automated, efficient, effective, timely, and less ambiguous. Consequently, the ordinary t...
Political Accountability is regarded a necessary condition for all political systems, and can be defined as “a process of being called to account to some authority for one’s actions and involves both answerability and taking responsibility”.
the key impacts on how staff and teams are organized are similar. The most important questioned to address may not be how are staff currently being reorganized in the wake of new technologies, but rather how should staff best be deployed to take full advantages of the potential available. Other than that, to manage electronic records, we need records manager who had skills and information on how to handle the tools to manage those records. Before these recent years, all the records are being managed in form of paper based, so it must be difficult for the records managers who are more familiar with records in paper based to become expert in managing electronic records. They need to be train well on how to manage the electronic records to make them expert on it. It must be take long time to trained the especially if the record managers or staff are older. In addition, consider differences among generations in technology usage during their respective formative, pre-working years, the technological skills and expectation they ultimately bring to the workplace and their influence on work practices and recordkeeping, in particular as their members reach senior professional and managerial positions. Today technological issues offer fewer insurmountable barriers to implementation of sound recordkeeping solutions than do organizational and cultural factors, while technological innovations plays large role in recordkeeping issues and opportunities to deal with them. Because of the lack of skill of the staff, the organization would execute and budgeting staff are accustomed to funding technology projects by trading labor as human for capital as the technology investments, when in fact the necessity to maintain some records in paper form requ...