The Reconstruction Period was a period of successful change for both the African American community as well as the Union as a whole, even with a few imperfections that were present in the radical reforms it brought. The political successes seen in legislature and black political representation gave African Americans new rights as citizens of America. With the assistance of new policies and government-run programs, black people were given an opportunity to find their own economic success. After the restraints of slavery were removed from the black community, they were able to strive for social freedoms and reconnect with previously lost loved ones. All of the new freedoms meant that the African American population could successfully build their own rights and independence as American citizens.
Between 1860 and 1877, America experienced a number of constitutional and social changes, as a result of the Republican election and loss of southern power that lead to the Civil War, and the reconstruction efforts that would follow, inevitably proving unsuccessful. During this period, the south, and the freedmen left residing in southern states as well, had to adjust to a new society, driven by constitutional developments such as the Emancipation Proclamation, and later, the 13th amendment, which freed slaves and left them to assimilate into a white civilization. These freedmen gained the rights to vote, hold positions of power in congress, serve in the army, and own land- which although would not last for a very long period- would prove to
But even though, these laws existed they were still treated unfairly. African Americans had been very poor as slaves and being free didn’t make them rich. Most did not receive their own land, which means that they had to go back to work for whites. Laws were introduced to prevent blacks from voting. They had to pass a literacy test and be able to pay a poll tax. Only if their grandfather had been able to vote, then they could skip the two tests. Barely any Negro was able to fulfill these requirements, and so they remained without the promised right to vote. On top of this, Jim Crow laws were introduced. They enforced segregation and prevented both races from using the same public services such as schools, restaurants, buses, etc. Facilities for blacks were of lower quality than facilities for whites as can be seen in Figure 1. The picture shows a black man drinking from ...
The promise of freedom to all “slaves” came with the end of the Civil War. The 13th amendment, ratified on December 6, 1885 officially freed any remaining slaves. Then, the 14th amendment was ratified in the summer of 1968; it stated that “all persons born or naturalized in the United States” would be given citizenship. The 15th amendment followed and gave all men, but not women, the right to vote regardless of race. It appeared as if all freed men and women would soon be as fortunate as any white person. Unfortunately, this was an illusion. While Congress could ratify amendments, the states retained a massive amount of power and utilized this to reissue the Slave Codes as Black Codes. While all of the southern states passed Black Codes, Mississippi was the first to do so. With the black codes in place, it seemed as though freedom was not going to just fall in the laps of the newly freed men and women, but that it would be a battle fought for decades. Although slavery was eradicated, reconstruction was more demoralizing because reconstruction dangled the carrot of freedom over the freedman's head without hope of actual attainment.
...y. There was also a decrease of political opportunites for many African-Americans due restrictions being intensively regulated. This allowed African-American women, who were also activist known as the National Association of Colored Women, to take charge within the politicla assets. During the years of 1890-1906, many states in the south wanted to get rid of black voting rights, because whites did not feel that blacks had earned that priviledge. Nor did they feel that many of the unwealty and illiterate white Americans had the same opportunity as many of wealthy white Americans had. Within the south, there was a racial segreagation that was legally passed through a decision made within the supreme court. There were many African-Americans who wanted to go against the court rule, but, unfortunately, this was when many white Americans started to take fond upon lynching.
People fail to realize that the U.S. is in a constant state of Reconstruction and that we will probably always be. The select time period we call Reconstruction is when most people think was the time of Reconstruction but the U.S. is still trying to build on the little progress they got from that era. For African Americans the Reconstruction Era was a failure due to the black codes, shotgun policy, and the easy ways to get around the 15th amendment even though some still argue that Reconstruction was a success. The time period we call this is not where it ended but where it began.
The Black Codes of Mississippi and the views towards African Americans in the 19th century were the cause to the lack of freedom and respect given to the freedmen. Around the time of 1865, the United States of America was heading towards a paramount path of reconstruction for social and economic issues, such as slavery. As the country sprinted towards this movement, the leaders and upper class of the time skewed the ideas and morals of the new era. Carrying over the same leaders from pre-civil wartime left same concepts in place; the views towards blacks in the south did not change and until a later time, the leaders of the time made little progress to improve the blacks place in society. There were new laws put into place but they were not proactive to insure the freedom of freedmen.
After the abolishment of slavery African Americans were given a chance to climb the social ladder. They believed that if they worked hard they could achieve the American dream defined by providing their family more than the bare necessities. They were able to find work, improve their social status and even enter politics. During the Reconstruction era a few of them were elected into the House of Representatives and two were elected into senate. However, the progress of the African American came to a swift halt at the end of the Reconstruction era. Feeling threatened by the African Americans, whites created legislative laws that bar African American from politics and sought to undermine them starting with the Black Codes and later the Jim Crow law.
Throughout Reconstruction the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendment all had passed that made slavery illegal, gave African Americans equal protection, and gave them the right to vote. It seemed African Americans had gained their freedom, but not without the balance of power fluctuating throughout the years from the Black Codes, rise of the Ku Klux Klan, and United States V. Cruikshank. The nation continued to trample on the positive trend of African American freedom and their civil rights. Throughout all of this hypocrisy freedom clearly was one of the most significant factor that gave rise to the Civil War, Reconstruction as well as the Revolution, and has broadly shaped our nation.
“War was easy. The hard part was cleaning up afterward.” In this essay we will be talking about the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments and their contents, contexts, and consequences. Also the successes and failures of the Reconstruction, lastly the election of 1876. The Reconstruction era after the Civil War had both beneficial and non beneficial happenings that helped shape our country into what it is today.
But as time progressed, things were done in order to attempt to change this. For example, the Freedman's Bureau was a federal government agency that helped African Americans get their help they needed, with things such as implementing over 3,000 schools for them. This change continued with the passing of the 14th Amendment being passed, making any person born in the United States a citizen with the state not having any power to deny citizens equal protection of the law. There is then the 15th Amendment being passed as well which made the right to vote not being denied based on race, color and previous state of servitude. Change for the African American community seems hopeful with even an African American being in the Senate for the first time, that being Hiram Revels. However, this change really goes away over the years. With the Compromise of 1877 being issued after Republican Rutherford B. Hayes wins a contested election, there is a removal of federal troops from the South. This removal allowed the South to be a bit more flexible with the way things were run politically, resulting in things such as poll tax being issued, as well as literacy tests to keep African Americans from voting. It even went to the extreme with people such as Senator Ben Tillman saying, “We do our best to keep negroes from voting. The best way to keep a negro from voting is visiting
After the Civil war Reconstruction was developed to reconnect the eleven states that had left the Union and welcome the millions of recently freed freedmen as american citizens. Reconstruction was developed to rebuild the infrastructure and enforce equality in the south after the civil war had devastated most of the south. Reconstruction was around from 1865-1877. during this time the 13th and 14th Amendments were passed giving blacks American citizenship and civil rights. Also during this time black churches, public schools,and universities were built and sixteen african americans served in congress. Then after the election of 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes was elected and he removed federal troops in the south crushing the american dream for
After the Civil war Reconstruction was developed to reconnect the eleven states that had left the Union and welcome the millions of recently freed freedmen as american citizens. Reconstruction was developed to rebuild the infrastructure and enforce equality in the south after the civil war had devastated most of the south. Reconstruction was around from 1865-1877. during this time the 13th and 14th Amendments were passed giving blacks American citizenship and civil rights. Also during this time black churches, public schools,and universities were built and sixteen african americans served in congress. Then after the election of 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes was elected and he removed federal troops in the south crushing the american dream for
The Reconstruction Era that followed the Civil War was created to represent a period of political, economical, and social reconstruction of the Northern Union and the eleven Confederate states of the South. Though the conclusion the Civil War and commencement of the Reconstruction Era represented the conclusion of slavery throughout the United States, it did not guarantee African Americans racial equality and freedom from prejudice and segregation in Southern states of the U.S. The few advancements during the Reconstruction Era, such as the establishments of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments failed to out weigh the extreme segregation caused by the early Black Codes and Jim Crow laws , gruesome violence derived from lynching
Even when the Amendment abolished slavery in 1865, and the black people embraced education, built their own churches, reunited with their broken families and worked very hard in the sharecropping system, nothing was enough for the Reconstruction to succeed. Whites never gave total freedom to African Americans. Blacks were forced to endure curfews, passes, and living on rented land, which put them in a similar situation as slaves. In