There have been several face recognition methods based on 3D information were introduced [11-13]. Cartoux et al. [ ] introduced a first contributions to this field, which were mainly based on the extraction of a curvature representation of the face from range images and features were used to match the different faces. Xu et al. [48] proposed automatic 3D face recognition by combining global geometric features with local shape variation and resulted 96.1 percent and 72.6 percent recognition rates when using a gallery of 30 and 120 subjects, respectively. Medioni et al. [30] used a variant to the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm for 3D face recognition and reported a 98 percent recognition rate on a gallery of 100 subjects. Huang, Blanz and Heisele [16] reported a 3D face recognition method which uses a morphable 3D head model to synthesize training images under a variety of conditions. Zhang and Samaras [18] used Blanz and Vetter’s morphable model for recognition. The method is introduced to perform well in case of multiple illuminants. The mahalanobis distance method is used for classification. Basri and Jacobs [17] proposed a technique, in which a set of images of a convex Lambertian object obtained under arbitrary illumination can be accurately approximated by a 3D linear space which can be analytically characterized using surface spherical harmonics. Ansari and Abdel-Mottaleb [39] introduced a method based on a stereo images landmark points around the eyes, nose and mouth were extracted from the 2D images and converted to 3D landmark points. They used the CANDIDE-3 model [40] for face recognition. A 3D model was obtained by transforming the CANDIDE-3 generic face to match the landmark points. The eyes, mouth and nose of ... ... middle of paper ... ...s of coefficients. The results obtained by three SVMs classifier are fused to determine the final classification. The experiments were carried out on three well known databases; those are the Georgia Tech Face Database, AT&T “The Database of Faces” and the Essex Grimace Face Database. The work presented in [4] is an extension of [2]. In [4], used the bit quantized images to extract curvelet features at five different resolutions. The 15 sets of approximate coefficients are used to train 15 Support Vector Machines and results are combined using majority voting. In [5] is proposed a face recognition algorithm to reduce the computation cost of [4]. To reduce the dimension of curvelet features, dimensionality reduction tools like PCA and LDA method and evaluated by conducting different experiments on three different databases: ORL, Essex Grimace and Yale Face Database.
It is easy to think of biometrics as the future science technology are always happened in some fictions, associated with solar car and clones together. In fact, it has long history that people understood the basic principle and application of the biometric. Thousands of years ago, the people of the Nile basin used the biometric in everyday transactions (such as scarring, skin tone, eye color, height, etc.) for identification. Of course, they had no any automatic electronic identification system, or computer network, but the principle is similar.
The results that she gained showed that using PECS as a way for improving communication skills is beneficial. Children who were now able to make sentence strips “I want” plus desired object, are also able to use concepts such as color, size, and number. After doing this experiment, many reports from parents were receive saying how it is much easier to communicate with their children. Also, some comments were received from teachers indicating how autistic children have improved in their ability to take part in classroom
describes the Contourlet transform and rotation-scale invariant texture representation. Section 4 contains the description of similarity measure for image retrieval. Simulation results in Section 5 will show the performance of our scheme. Finally,Section 6 concludes this presentation.
Biometrics is, “the automated use of physiological or behavioral characteristics to determine or verify identity (biometricgroup.com, 2014).”16 The purpose of the paper is to provide information about different forms of Biometrics. With the ever increasing threat of terrorism at home and abroad, biometrics is emerging as a way to increase security across the world. It is important to point out current issues dealing with Biometrics and how they relate to people that may one day have to use them.
the picture the name of as many of the celebrities as you can. I will
The most predominant feature of the human face is eyes. When talking to a person our eyes meet there eyes; the way that people identify each other is through eyes; eyes even have the power to communicate on its own. Eliezer identified people buy there eyes and knew their emotions through their eyes. “Across the aisle, a beautiful women with dark hair and dreamy eyes. I had
A person’s face is tremendously expressive when it comes to emotions, a person’s face is able to display a numerous amount of emotions worth almost a thousand words. And unlike some forms of nonverbal communication, facial expressions are universal worldwide. Facial expressions for feelings anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise and many more are the same all around the world.
Hirayama, T., Iwai, Y., & Yachida, M. (2007, May). Integration of facial position estimation and person identification for face authentication [Electronic Version]. Systems & Computers in Japan, 38(5), 43-58.
[6] Rala M. Ebied,” Feature Extraction using PCA and Kernel-PCA for Face Recognition”, in The 8th International Conference on INFOrmatics and Systems Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Computing Track , 2012 ,pp mm72-mm77
Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is method to convert brain activities signal to understandable action for machine or robot or any actuator, one of the commonly method to get brain activities is electroencephalography (EEG) system which is easier and low cost and also non-invasive method compare to other brain computer interface systems [1], [2]. In Recent researches of non-invasive brain computer interface based on EEG to control actuators result of create some equipment that controlled with brain, for example electrical wheelchairs [3], mobile Robots [4], humanoid robots [5].
Identifying the suspect(s) and linking them to a crime is one of the most crucial and very important tasks that crime investigator(s) have to perform or execute in earnest after each crime. Identification means the determination of the individuality of a person (Kannan and Mathiharan, 2007). Each person or individual has certain features that make him or her different from others. These features are unique and make them radically distinct from others. Individual identification is a crucial and an exigent task in forensic investigation and with the ever-increasing demands placed upon law enforcement agencies to provide sufficient physical evidence that would lead to the linking of a perpetrator to crime, it makes sense to utilise any type of physical characteristics to identify a suspect of an offence (Srilekha et al, 2014).
The term biometrics is commonly known as the field of development of statistical and mathematical methods applicable to data analysis problems in the biological sciences. Though, even more recently it has taken on a whole new definition. Biometrics is an amazing new topic referring to “the emerging field of technology devoted to the identification of individuals using biological traits, based on retinal or iris scanning, fingerprints, or face recognition”. Biometrics has already begun using applications that range from attendance tracking with a time clock to security checkpoints with a large volume of people. The growing field of biometrics has really been put on the map by two things, the technological advances made within the last 20 years, and the growing risk of security and terrorism among people all over the world. In this paper I will focus on: the growing field of biometrics, why it is important to our future, how the United States government has played a role in its development and use, the risks involved, the implications on public privacy, and further recommendations received from all over the science and technology field.
Facial expression recognition (FER) was determined by child scores on two FER tasks: the emotion-matching task and the emotion-labeling task. Children and their parents in the focus cohort were invited to the Generation R Research Center when participants were 36-months old. The final study consisted of 808 children with data on both FER tasks. During the emotion-matching task, images of human faces depicting four emotions (happiness, sadness, anger and fear) were presented to the children on a touch sensitive monitor. Children were presented two faces on the bottom of the screen, and one image at the top of the screen. They were instructed to choose the face that matched the emotion of the target face using the touch-sensitive monitor. There
“Computers play a key role in almost every sphere of life” (Berry, Terrie). Without them, everything would be different. People all around the world own or used a computer. Whether you are a professional in technology or just an average person, computers are still very important in your everyday life. “No other technology has accessed the world like computers and the use of the Internet have” (Maddox, Amanda). Without computers, consumers would not be able to do half the things as quickly as we can. Advances in computer design have increased its use for different industries, especially in the medical field.
“The term -information security- means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction” (United States Code, 2008). In order to ensure the identity of who is trying to access the information, the concept of “Biometric Technology” has been developed in the last years. This essay will start explaining this concept and the characteristics of its development through the time. Then, the essay will offer a brief explanation of biometric systems operation and a description of different biometric systems developed until now. Finally, this research analyzes the current and future applications and the issues that surround it.