ABSTRACT
Biometric recognition refers to the use of biological characteristics for identification and verification of individuals. Use of biometric is increasing nowadays because biometric characteristics are difficult to replicate and lifelong. Applications which require only the authorized persons to access the resources are information systems, National id systems, voter and driver registrations, documentations, military area and ATMs. Among all biometrics, fingerprints is the most widely used and accepted by the user as the acquisition of fingerprint image is minimally invasive and require little hardware. Traditional fingerprint identification algorithm based on Minutiae Extraction, Discrete cosine transform(DCT) and fast Fourier transform require so much computation. Wavelet based algorithm may be the key to making a low cost fingerprint identification system. This paper presents the overview of different fingerprint recognition system. In comparison to older fingerprint recognition system that is based on minutiae and FFT, the wavelet based system has high recognition rates.
KEYWORDS
Biometrics, Fingerprint Recognition, Minutiae, FFT, Wavelet
1. INTRODUCTION
Personal identification has been a great research area with various solutions proposed. Applications that require accurate and reliable methods of personal identification
…show more content…
Biometric is used to achieve a “positive identification” with an error rate of 0.001% [2]. Finger prints biometric have one of the highest level of reliability [3, 4]. Fingerprints biometric and have been extensively used by forensic experts in criminal investigations [5]. Traditional fingerprint recognition system uses minutiae based approach [6].The minutiae based fingerprint recognition system always achieves very high accuracy. The shortcomings of the minutiae based fingerprint recognition system
In William Safire’s “The Threat of National ID”, he argues against a National ID card. Safire published an article in the New York Times to establish different context. Safire gives details about the use of National ID card at different places in different situations. He emphasizes that many Americans are willing to give up personal privacy in return for greater safety, but none of us have privacy regarding where we go and what we do all the time. Safire disputes that mandatory National ID become necessary for people to prevent fear of terror attack.
The article then follows with “even low id error rates can lead to serious medical errors” further illustrating the dangers associated with incorrect ID’s. Following the study conducted at The University of Kansas Hospital (2003) shows trends that barcoding of patient’s wrist bands has reduced all errors associated with incorrect ID’s. This technique seems to be improving the system so fewer errors do occur, why in general is more economically viable.
Wolinsky, H. (2006, October). Tagging products and people. espite much controversy; radiofrequency identification chips have great potential in healthcare. Science and
Now-a-day, biometric authentication system or simply biometric system, offers a reliable and user-friendly solution to the problem of identity management by establishing the identity of an individual based on “who the person is”, rather than the knowledge-based i.e. “what the person knows" or token-based i.e. “what the person carries” (Jain et al., 1999). The word biometrics is derived from the Greek words bios (meaning life) and metron (meaning measurement); biometric identifiers are measurements from living human body (Maltoni et al., 2003). Biometric system refers to automatically identify or verify an individual's identity based on his physiological characteristics (e.g. fingerprints, face, iris and hand geometry) and behavioral characteristics (e.g. gait, voice and signature) (Figure 2.1). Ancillary characteristics (also known as soft biometric) such as gender, ethnicity, age, eye color, skin color, scars and tatoos also provide some information about the identity of a person. However, soft biometric traits do not provide sufficient evidence to precisely determine the identity (Jain et al., 2004a). Biometric traits provide a unique and permanent binding between an individual and his identity. This “binding" cannot be easily lost, forgotten, shared or forged and free from making false repudiation claims. Biometrics offers several advantages over conventional security measures. These include
Tomko, G. J., & Stoianov, A. (1998). Method and apparatus for securely handling a personal identification number or cryptographic key using biometric techniques. N.p.: U.S. Patent.
Biometrics is, “the automated use of physiological or behavioral characteristics to determine or verify identity (biometricgroup.com, 2014).”16 The purpose of the paper is to provide information about different forms of Biometrics. With the ever increasing threat of terrorism at home and abroad, biometrics is emerging as a way to increase security across the world. It is important to point out current issues dealing with Biometrics and how they relate to people that may one day have to use them.
Credibility Statement: In my research I learned that this persistence makes fingerprinting a very reliable technique to identify criminals and victims.
Biometrics is described as the use of human physical features to verify identity and has been in use since the beginning of recorded history. Only recently, biometrics has been used in today’s high-tech society for the prevention of identity theft. In this paper, we will be understanding biometrics, exploring the history of biometrics, examples of today’s current technology and where biometrics are expected to go in the future.
"Prevention Methods." Prevention Methods - Identity Crimes - Center for Identity Management and Information Protection (CIMIP) - Utica College. Center for Identity Management and Information Protection, 2009. Web. 30 July 2017.
Fingerprinting information varies in numerous ways. Each person’s fingerprints are different in someway (Unique). The technical term is actually “DNA fingerprinting” because us as a person obviously cant just take a look at a fingerprint and see the difference; we must analyze the actual DNA behind it. Sometimes a miss concept of most people is, that fingerprints stay perfectly fresh for extended periods of time. Partial fingerprints and even degraded full fingerprints can turn up to be useless sometimes. Fingerprints are not admissible if they are 99.9% sure, they must be 100% or a Forensics lab will not support them. DNA Fingerprinting, and the fingerprints that are at the tips of your actual fingers are two different things. The ones we a...
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a computerized ID innovation that uses radio recurrence waves to exchange information between an onlooker and things that have RFID gadgets, or tags, attached. The tags hold a microchip and receiving wire, and work at universally distinguished standard frequencies. Barcodes are much smaller, lighter and easier to use than RFID. But RFID offers significant advantages. One major advantage of RFID is that the innovation doesn't require any observable pathway; the tags can be perused as long as they are inside the range of the spectator, whereas in barcodes in order to read the barcode the barcode scanner should close around 10-15 fts.
Biometric technology is used for the ways humans can be identified by unique aspects of their bodies, such as fingerprints, body odor, our voices and many more. If one was to think about privacy rights, he/she would be concerned about the widespread adoption of these systems, since such systems could easily be used to develop a record of known rebellious people and/or dangerous criminals, to be used for social control purposes. Although that may seem pretty good and a positive thing for the society, one should take into account of the defects and errors of technology. Of the many biometrics technologies that are being developed and are already developed, facial recognition is one of the most threatening because it can be deployed secretly; one may not know whether or when they can be caught in a surveillance camera for such facial recognition biometrics. Additionally, tests have found that the miscalculations for facial biometrics technologies are very high. As a result, according to Privacy Rights Clearinghouse, innocent people can be erroneously identified as dangerous criminals and actual dangerous criminals and/or suspected terrorists can fail to be detected overall, allowing for a huge injustice and unfairness. Privacy rights concerned with biometrics have sparked a concern and should be dealt with; otherwise, this is just one of the
“To be ourselves causes us to be exiled by many others, yet to comply with what others want causes us to be exiled from ourselves” (Estes). Mahmoud Darwish could relate to this quote on a very serious level. He was exiled from his homeland, but stayed true to himself and his family. Darwish was born in a Palestinian village that was destroyed in the Palestine War. He became involved in political opposition and was imprisoned by the government. He was later forced into exile and became a permanent refugee. Around 1975, Mahmoud wrote a poem titled “Identity Card”. Mahmoud Darwish writes using diction, repetition, and atmosphere to express his emotions towards exile. He expressed his emotions through poetry, especially “Identity Card”.
There is some privacy issues related to the use of biometrics. One person can argue that
As one of the feature of biometric, signature verification is used to find the authenticity of a person to give the access the most valued and important documents and shelf. Firstly the signature of a person are taken as a reference in database. To generate the database, number of attempts from the same person has been taken, as it would permit minute deviations in signatures that generates due to environmental conditions. Once it is done, then the signatures at other times are every time then verified with the existing database. Because of confidentially of the file/document/transaction giving access is the crucial process that should be monitored with perfection. The same happens with offline signature verification. Computerized process and verification algorithm (thus software) takes fully care of signature under test, generate results that are 100% authentic, and advocates credibility of the concerned person .However, there might raise issue of authenticity even if the same person performs the signature. Or, at times a forge person may duplicate the exact signature. Many research have been done to find the accuracy of result so as to prevent from forgery. Forgery is also divided into different categories depending upon their severity as