Radiopharmaceuticals
The discovery of scintillation camera in 1961 and when 99mTc brought out as a perfect medical tracer in 1960, led to the birth of modern nuclear medicine.
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New radiopharmaceuticals are being introduced as field of nuclear medicine is continuously improving and growing over the last 50 years. Among those new radiopharmaceuticals, many of the agents introduced were world shattering advances in nuclear medicine, which were used for functional imaging.
As radiopharmaceuticals are radioactive, handling them require extra care. Special procedures are adopted to make sure their safe use, that is why in the past they were being managed in a separate area in several health care system and still this is adopted in several health care system. Due to radioactivity issue, when departments of nuclear medicine were settling and progressing, radiopharmaceutical polices were adopted by many of them which were made by them selves in order to prevent their administration improperly and to ensure their safe and effective use. At the same time, several pharmacy departments were unhurried to increase thorough and mounting standards to deal with other issues posed by radioactive agents. The record of use of radiopharmaceuticals has been supposed to be safe, contributing to be deficient in pharmacy mistake in mos...
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...sed. Usually, the criteria adopted for addition of medications in formulary ; proven results of that medication about effectiveness and efficiency ;
Adverse drug interactions of medications, their possible interactions with other drugs, chances of misuse or ill treatment ; excellence of product and cost effectiveness.
Sentinel events alerts. The Joint Commission Web site. Available at: http://www. jointcommission.org/sentinel_event.aspx. Accessed January 4, 2012
the committee approval is required in case when adding a medication, removal and replacement of medications. In case of suggestion of novel and advanced protocoals regarding medications, approval by pharmacy and therapeutic committee is still required.
Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals (CAMH): The Official
Handbook. Oakbrook Terrace, IL: Joint Commission Resources Inc; 2011:
MM.02.01.01.
was approved in 1982 and in another form, that is to be taken orally rather than
negative reasons to use the drug, and an overview of how the drug has been
Throughout many generations the success of medicine has been dog-eared throughout history, from penicillin being created through colonized bacteria on an agar plate to chemotherapy being used to combat the ailments of cancer, we as a society rely a great deal on the effectiveness of medicine. Due to this realization one can agree that it is imperative that the medications that are being distributed and placed on the pharmaceutical market are tested and analyzed at all angles and perspectives to ensure they work effectively and successfully resulting in moderate to no side effects. The progressive industry of medicine has greatly increased since the early nineties thanks to the advancement in medical technology making
The topic of this article is medication error related to chemotherapy drugs. Forty percent of medication errors have been related to chemotherapy drugs. It is imperative that the nurses are properly trained on these medications and fully understand what is being administered before giving it to the patient as well as know what the proper dose is before administering anything to the patient. More importantly the nurse must pay close attention to their patient’s response to the chemotherapy given to the patient or it could lead to a serious injury or death.
It was Italian-born physicist and Nobel winner Enrico Fermi, and his colleagues at the University of Chicago who were responsible for this success (“Nuclear”).
Adverse drug events or medication errors that result from polypharmacy can often be difficult to predict and prevent. According to an article posted in the American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy (2012), drug –drug interactions may lead to increased toxicity levels when taken together. An example is the interactio...
Radiation has always been in everyday life even before Roentgen discovered x-ray. The mountains give off natural radiation, other forms of radiation are coal burning power plants, x-rays from a TV, and an airplane ride. The average dose from background radiation is about 360 mrem every year. There are two types of radiation, nonionizing and ionizing radiation. Examples of nonionizing radiation are microwaves and radio waves broadcasting. Ionizing radiation refers to gamma and x-rays. Ionizing radiation means that the rays are able to remove an electron from the atom then ions can be formed. The ions can cause damage when reacting with other atoms. Cells are able to be repaired if low dose are received. However, if cells get a high dose, the cells will be damaged or possibly die. If the cell is damaged permanently then it is referred to as a mutated cell.
CDER, by current law, all new drugs need proof that they are effective and safe before they can
contamination, toxicity, and side effects. Most people believe these medications are compounded or mixed by a trained and licensed individual. However, this is inaccurate because the pharmacy technician actually compounds a large percentage of a patient’s medications. Compounding involves a techn...
Nuclear Medicine is the use of radioisotopes for diagnosis, treatment, and research. Radioactive chemical tracers emit gamma rays which provides diagnostic information about a person's anatomy and the functioning of specific organs. Radioisotopes are also utilizes in treatments of diseases such as cancer. It is estimated that approximately one in two people in Western countries are likely to experience the benefits of nuclear medicine in their lifetime.
...hort history starting with the discovery of x-rays in 1875. The first evidence that radiation could do harm came a few months after, when an x-ray worker developed injuries to his skin. Grave efforts to understand and manage radiation exposures started in the 1920s and greatly expanded during World War II and are still expanding today.
Radioisotopes have helped create advanced imaging techniques. Beforehand, X rays could only provide so much information such as broken bones, abnormal growths, and locating foreign objects in the body. Now it is possible to obtain much more information from medical imaging. Not only can this advanced imaging give imaging of tiny structures in the body, but it can also provide details such as cancerous cells and damaged heart tissue from a heart...
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the dangers of prescription drugs when not taken as prescribed by your physician or pharmacist.
Pharmacists often work together in a team with other healthcare professional like physicians and nurses. In the process, pharmacists will give advice to them on the selection of medication, by providing the evidences based on the dosage form, the side effects and possible interaction with food of the medication. On the other hand, pharmacists also take part in research and clinical studies. Recently, pharmacists are recruited to conduct pharmacy-based research in pharmacies. (Swanson, 2005)