Quebec Bridge is a riveted steel truss structure with 3,239ft long, 94ft wide and 340ft high. It was built on the main goal of connecting the lower Saint Lawrence River to the west of Quebec City, and Levis, Quebec in Canada. The bridge accommodates three highway lanes, one rail line, and a pedestrian walkway. Before the Quebec Bridge was built, taking a ferry or use the winter-time ice bridge is the only way to travel from the south shore of St. Lawrence in Levis to the north shore in Quebec City. The St. Lawrence River was the main channel of trade for Quebec City during the summer, but it filled with ice during the winter. This situation cut off all the trades entirely between the city until the river iced over and travel was possible again …show more content…
The Quebec Bridge Company was first incorporated by Act of Parliament under the government of Sir John A. Macdonald. The government of Wilfrid Laurier revived for good of Quebec Bridge and granted them an extension of time in 1900. In 1903, the bond issues was increased to 6 million and power to grant preference shares was authorised, along with a name change to the Quebec Bridge and Railway Company (QBRC). Edward A. Hoare was appointed as Chief Engineer of the company throughout the project yet he had a very limit of experience on working a cantilever bridge structure longer than 300ft. Collingwood Schreiber, Chief Engineer of the Department of Railways and Canals in Ottawa during the time, was deposed for his opposition to the calculations that were submitted by the contractors. Although he requested the support of another qualified bridge engineer subsequently, it was effectively overruled by the Cabinet on 15 August 1903. Thereafter, Theodore Cooper was completely in charge of the works as QBRC consulting engineer, and on 1 July 1905, MJ Butler took over Collingwood Schreiber’s position. The bridge structure was taking its
The bridge was designed by the Great Engineer David B. Steinman. (Mackinac Bridge 1). The Mackinac Bridge was built across the straits which is an important water route between Lake Michigan and the Atlantic Ocean. The straits connect Lake Michigan and Lake Huron. (World Book 24). The Mackinac Bridge connects the Upper
The Trans-Canada highway act was passed down by the parliament in 1949 , which is the year after St-Laurent was elected as the prime minister of Canada. The act offered the provinces a 50-50 split on the cost of building a highway from coast to coast to reduce the federal money and decreased the needs of taxes. Moreover, as one can see from its name, this act's purpose is to approve the establishment of the Trans-Canada Highway. As a matter of fact, Trans-Canada highway is extremely advantageous for Canada and is the world's longest national highway as it stretches from Victoria, British Columbia to St. John's, Newfoundland, connecting all 10 provinces together. Before this transportation systems existed, passengers and goods have to cross Canada by horse wagons or boat, which could take months to reach the planned destination. However, this significant project allows companies to ship Canada's abundant natural resources across the wor...
Without a concrete reason for the bridge's failure, every suggested reason was researched until proven incorrect” (Silver). There were many reasons that were suggested, but could not be proven correct due to the collapse. Wikipedia states that “A small crack was formed through fretting wear at the bearing, and grew through internal corrosion, a problem known as stress corrosion cracking.” The failure of the bridge was caused by a defect in one of the eye-bars on the north side causing the other side to collapse as well. “Stress corrosion cracking is the formation of brittle cracks in a normally sound material through the simultaneous action of a tensile stress and a corrosive environment.
Bering Land Bridge- during it’s time of existence the bridge was a major factor in migration from Asia to North America; made travel easier because it was on land instead of having to travel by boat
A privately owned company constructed the current Peace Bridge in 1927. It became a link between Fort Erie, Canada and Buffalo, New York. The bridge is over one mile long, 5,800 feet, and holds three lanes of traffic. The center lane may go north or south depending on the volume of traffic. In 1934, the Great Depression caused a change. The Peace Bridge became publicly owned. As a result there were no taxes to be paid, and financing for projects could be obtained by issuing bonds at a low interest rate. The publicly owned bridge instituted a board of governors called the Peace Bridge Authority, PBA. The board, which made all decisions, was made up of six Americans and three Canadians. Fr...
Quebec is the largest Canadian province, with the second largest population and economy after that of Ontario. Historically, the province of Quebec presents a unique frontier for the analysis of Anglo-French relations. It is important to note that Canadian domain as a whole was principally an extension of France until the British forces led by Jeremy Amherst took hold o Montreal in 1760. The 1763 signing of the Treaty o Paris essentially sealed this acquisition of Canada by the Great Britain. The present federal structure of Canada came into being in 1867; a structure that created the office of the Prime Minister and promised considerable autonomy to the provinces. However, the relations of the French-speaking province of Quebec
Canada became an emerging country after the Second World War. There was a need for Canada to identify themselves as a distinct nation from Britain and the United States. The Trans Canada Highway became a visible nationalistic figure that set apart Canada from other countries. The Trans Canada Highway was a significant structure built in 1949 through 1961 that emerged as a result of a newfound unity and nationalistic view in Canada. Although there were many different political, personal and economical standpoints on the building of the highway, the finalization of the construction of the highway brought a unique unity that could be appreciated by all Canadians.
Following the American Civil War, the use of railroads for trade was booming. The Detroit, Michigan and Windsor Ontario border, separated by the Detroit River, was a center for railroads at the time with the Michigan Central and Great Western railroads operating on their respective sides of the border. In the early 20th century, the railroads used ferries to transport shipments across the river. As production and population grew, so did the shipments of goods, specifically grain. An increasing delay in the supply and demand of agricultural products was hurting the economy for both farmers and consumers. In 1909, a tunnel was constructed to transport trains under the Detroit River but the need for a bridge with mass transportation abilities was still needed. This led to the construction of the Ambassador Bridge in 1929, funded by financier Joseph Bower and engineered and constructed by the heralded Pittsburgh McClintic-Marshall Company. No one could have ever foreseen the societal and economical impact the decision to engineer a bridge would have.
Since it would be easier and less expensive to build a bridge rather than a tunnel, a bridge was initially thought to be a better solution. However, to construct a bridge over the Hudson River it would require a minimum clearance of 200 ft. for ships to travel to and from Hudson River ports. Since the Manhattan side of the Hudson did not meet the 200-foot elevation requirement needed for a bridge, new and expensive apparatuses would have to be built on the New York side. Also, a bridge would be affected by poor weather conditions more than a tunnel. In 1913, the joint coalition finally decided to construct a tunnel.2
The city of Quebec is on the north of the St. Lawrence to the west of the river St. Charles. Montcalm put his Army around the north shore of the St. Lawrence, between St. Charles and Montmorenal rivers. The city was strongly fortifies and ships helped by defending.
The Victoria Bridge, constructed in the mid-19th-Century in British North America, is a famous Canadian landmark that set the stage for the beginning of the industrialization phase of Canada and more specifically, Montreal. It would eventually “play a vital role in the growth of the city and the country”.
Algonquin Provincial Park, a park that located between Georgian Bay and the Ottawa River in Central Ontario, was established in 1893 and it is the oldest provincial park in Canada. The Park is also a functioning wildlife reserve. In the Park, 7% area is pure wilderness, and 23% area is wilderness and recreation. In those areas, there are at least 34 kinds of trees, over 40 mammals, over 30 kinds of reptiles and amphibians, 54 different species of fish, and more than 130 breeding birds.
The first and most challenging problem associated with building the Mackinac Bridge arrived long before the bridge was even designed. Financing such an enormous project was no easy feat. In 1928, the idea of connecting the upper and lower peninsulas was proposed to Congress for the first time (Brown 4). At the time, the suspected bridge project was very much under government scrutiny and control. In fact, the initial boost in interest in pursuing the construction of a bridge came about due to the depression. The Public Works Administration (PWA) had been created under President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal economic plan which would fund certain construction projects with th...
An hour wasn’t enough to explore the grand old-world architecture, the rustic allurements and picturesque squares teemed with buskers, artists, musicians; soaked in culture and vibrant colors.
In her essay,”Importance of the Golden Gate Bridge,” Stephanie Stiavetti suggest that “It maintained this point of pride for nearly 25 years until the Verrazano- Narrows Bridge was built in New York in 1964. Today, this historic San Francisco landmark holds its place as the second largest suspension bridge in the country, behind Verrazano Narrows.” Back then, experts thought that it would be impossible to build a bridge across the tides and currents in that area because strong currents and tides would make construction extremely difficult and dangerous. The water is over 500 feet deep in the center of the channel, and along with the area's strong winds and thick fog, the idea of building a bridge there seemed nearly impossible. Despite all of the problems of building a bridge across the Golden Gate, Joseph Strauss was named as lead engineer for the project. Construction began January 5, 1933, and in the end cost more than $35 million to