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Urban spaces
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Works Cited Carmona, M., Tiesdell, S., Heath, T. and Oc, T. (eds.). 2010. Public Places, Urban Spaces: The Dimensions of Urban Design. London and New York: Routledge. Chapter 4: The Morphological Dimension, 61-86. Carmona, M., Tiesdell, S., Heath, T. and Oc, T. (eds.). 2010. Public Places, Urban Spaces:The Dimensions of Urban Design. London and New York: Routledge. Chapter 4: The Perceptual Dimension, 87-105. Cuthbert, A. R. 2005. A Debate From Down-under: Spatial Political Economy and Urban Design. Urban Design International, [online], 10 (3), 223-234. Available at: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/udi/journal/v10/n3/abs/9000150a.html [accessed: 17 September 2014]. Ellin, N. 1999. Postmodern Urbanism. Princeton Architectural Press: New York. …show more content…
The failure of urban design in shaping cities due to false assumption about people and what makes good environment, led professional in urban design to shift attitudes in modern period. Therefore, designers became knowledgeable that urban design and architecture cannot shape the social. Currently, advocacies of urban design are fighting for recognition, both in theory statement and in practice, in the political arena. Currently, urban design deals with a variety of ideas about why and how to shape urban space. However, four varying attitudes in urban design express the objective of urban design: urban design as art, financially pragmatic, community design and problem solving. This paper aims to show that the current attitudes shaping urban design, interlock in atypical ways, as both similarities and differences coexist in the way they relate to one another. Creative, technical, and social approaches may be applicable to different aspects of the urban design process; however, simple fusion of the different views of urban design cannot go without any complications. Some elements of different approaches can be combined together; others go the opposite way around. This is quietly shown in our cities’ current situation, where amalgam of these attitudes shapes the urban form leading back to Langs quote “Four attitudes towards the concerns of urban design coexist uncomfortably today” (Lang 106). Therefore, the future effectiveness of the field depends on its ability to digest this fundamental knowledge and to use it to evaluate theories and practices (Moudon). With the intention of attaining this, the paper covers each of the four attitudes with respect to movements, ideologies, and dimensions of urban design. In addition, it continues to explain how they coexist uncomfortably through taking
She also introducing new urban building standards. This this article she talks about, the idea some people have of tearing it down and rebuilding. She also talks about ideas people have about some parts of towns. In Boston, she talks about the area of North End, and the change that it was over gone. During her second visit to this area, she discovered that it had changed. She talked to other about it, although the statistic were higher than the city, the people still saw it as a slum. They felt that they needed to tear it down in order to build something better. This leads to the conclusion that the urban planners to do understand that the people of the city need. They have ideas that were developed years ago that they are still using. These ideas do not take account what the people want. The author also introducing new ideas of a perfect city to live in and what it would look like. The idea of a garden city was introduced. This city would be built around a park. Although the new ideas sounded great they could not be put into place today. The idea of a Garden City is something that sounds nice, but it is not possible in society today. Today a city should reflect economic status, and in order to achieve this the city should be big, and convey an image of power. A city that has aspects of nature in it would not convey that image. That upkeep of a city of that kind would also be difficult. The do understand the author's point of view. The planners often times do not take into account the desires of the people. The town that I grow up in want to become more urbanized. In order to do this, they are building a large shopping center. This shopping center is located in the canyon rim. This canyon rim has been important the people for many years. We come to the area to walk, what bass jumpers, and enjoy the scenic views. This new shopping center took away this area. Many of the people
Aesthetic control in the city serves a number of purposes. For one, the zero-sum logic of interurban competition incentivizes the purification of urban space and the presentation of ‘cleanliness’ for the purposes of city marketing. As transfer payments decline as a source of revenue for municipal governments, cities are desperately attempting to enhance their international reputation for the purpose of attracting tourism and capital investment. The cleansing of visible poverty from urban space is accomplished through police harassment and displacement of visible poverty and other ‘undesirable’ uses of space(Kennelly 9). The city’s adaptation to market logics also influences the way urban space is produced and presented internally, to its own population. For example, concentrations of homeless people are said to deter visitors and consumers from traveling to and shopping in those parts of the city [BY WHO]. Visible homelessness is also targeted by city authorities because it disrupts attempts to render the city as a landscape (Mitchell 186). Rendering the city as a landscape is a means of presenting the individual with an illusory sense of control and freedom in the complex urban environment where control in fact belongs to the totalizing economy and freedom for some comes at the expense of freedom for others. The illusion of control is in a sense the way citizens are alienated from the constitutive parts and production of the city. Instead of seeing the realities of capital relations, or the activities of labour reproduction required daily to renew the urban workforce, citizens are presented with a stage on which the daily dramas of the “pacified public” can take place (Mitchell 186). On this stage, a certain kind of “legitimate” citizen expects a broad freedom to move through space without resistance or disturbance, such as may come from encountering or being confronted by
Modernism vs Neo-Traditionalism: A debate on the merits and failures of two major competing paradigms in architecture and urban planning.
Generally, this chapter discussed about examination of three planning theory approaches which is the communicative model, the new urbanism and just city. Each approaches has different planning applicable as well as its strength and weakness. The communicative model is an approaches which highlighted the role of town planner as a medium to negotiate and persuade stakeholder regarding to planning matter. Next, the approaches of new urbanism is more focused on design and build physical features in planning urban development. Last but not least, the just city approaches concern to seek equality distribution of planning benefits toward private sector, government and society.
Building from my background of art and architecture, I have developed an understanding for both creativity and the technical. Through the years, the analysis of artworks evolved my ability to look closer at elements of art to find the cultural influences and perception of the artist. I consider the city itself to be a living piece of art, which can be broken down into comprehensible list of elements similar to those used in analyzing artworks. In recent years, the architectural classes have offered me a more technical way to view the city and individual buildings. Learning about the int...
In order to create innovative public architecture, considered to be the most civic, costly, time intensive and physical of the arts, the project holds a degree of risk, strife, and negotiation . Overcoming these tasks and creating worthy public architecture is a challenge designers try to accomplish, but are rarely successful. The people involved in a potential public building, can be larger than the building itself. Public architecture tries to please all, even the doubters and critics, but because of the all these factors, a building is closer to failing than succeeding.
Again, this section will give a working definition of the “urban question’. To fully compare the political economy and ecological perspectives a description of the “urban question” allows the reader to better understand the divergent schools of thought. For Social Science scholars, from a variety of disciplines, the “urban question” asks how space and the urban or city are related (The City Reader, 2009). The perspective that guides the ecological and the social spatial-dialect schools of thought asks the “urban question” in separate distinct terminology. Respected scholars from the ecological mode of thinking, like Burgess, Wirth and others view society and space from the rationale that geographical scope determines society (The City Reader, 2009). The “urban question” that results from the ecological paradigm sees the relationship between the city (space) as influencing the behaviors of individuals or society in the city. On the other hand...
In the setting of industrialization, building a public space like a city park is desirable, especially for working classes in a metropolis like Montreal. Until the first half of the 19th century, Canada’s industry operated by shipping raw materials to Great Britain in exchange of manufactured goods. Around 1840, the completion of Lachine canal and railway network made Montreal a transportation hub, in the addition of having one of the largest Canadian ports and being Canada’s financial and commercial center speeded up the pr...
In Ray Oldenburg’s book, “The Great Good Place” he describes the third place as “a generic designation for a great variety of public places that host the regular, voluntary, informal, and happily anticipated gatherings of individuals beyond the realms of home and work” (Oldenburg 16). Home and work are seen as the “first” and “second” spaces, and anywhere outside of home and work (cafés, bars, libraries etc.) are considered “third” spaces. Third spaces are very common among large cities and towns and those with higher populations. These types of spaces cater to the community they are in and improve city/town life they reside in; they help better the economy, encourage and produce social interaction, and create a neutral and friendly environment that suits the needs of those who go to them.
Mitchell, D. and Staeheli, L.A. (2009) ‘international encyclopaedia of human geography, Public space’, pp. 511-516
Jane Jacobs begins chapter nineteen with an in-depth consideration based on the visual order: its limitations and possibilities. When designing cities, it comes with dealing with people’s lives when it is most complex and intense. However, it must be noted that a city cannot be a work of art. They need art, but can’t be viewed as a structural problem and be viewed with visual work based on art. The reason why we need art is to reassure us of our humanity.
Power is defined as the " the ability or right to control people or things". In an attempt to establish power, and assert their philosophy and ideology, colonizers sought to control and segregate both land and people, through transforming the colonized urban space. Urban space according to Harvey is the "totality of physical structures-houses, roads, factories, offices, sewage systems, parks, cultural institutions, educational facilities and so on." (96) (consenting space,16). The ability to control, shape, and transform the colonial urban space has a more significant cultural and geographical implication for the colonizer. This is because urban space is the product of society; it is a physical reflection
However, architecture is not just the future, after all, buildings are intended to be viewed, traversed and lived by us, people. Despite this, many architects today rarely think deeply about human nature, disregarding their main subject matter in favour for efficiency and an architecture of spectacle. In this there seems to be a misconception that underlies much of architecture, that is, human’s relationship with the city, the building and nature. In much of today’s architecture, people are treated with as much concern much as we treat cars, purely mechanically. The post-modern search for the ‘new’ and ‘novel’ has come to disregard the profound affect design has on our lives, impacting our senses, shaping our psyche and disposition.
Behind every architectural work there is an architect, whether the architect is one man or woman, a small group, or an entire people. The structure created by any of these architects conveys a message about the architect: their culture, their identity, their struggles. Because of the human element architects offer to their work not just a building is made, but a work of art, a symbol of a people, a representation, is also created.
If there are more people, more, density, and a good mixture of uses, it will be a safer city... You cannot find a single city that does not wish to make the city center more vibrant or livelier.” This quote from Jan Gehl, the principal of Gehl Architects, illustrates the importance of having a sustainable city. The Central Park project has showcased to the world on how the landscape we design or occupy, can affect our daily activities and surrounding neighborhood. It sets an example of how design must be appreciated as a crucial factor in sustainability and emphasized on the fact the connection of people and nature should not be ignored. All in all, landscape architects are the ones to determine the physical characteristics of the public realm environment, to decide whether a city is attractive to people and whether people will choose to live in the city in the long