Psychosocial Approach And The Milestones Of Childhood Developments Children From Birth To Young Children

Introduction

This essay will demonstrate my understanding of the five-level development model. What the model does, the different levels and their function, in relation to young children from birth to three years old. I will be making reference to the Psychosocial Approach and the Piagetian Approach. I will also look at the milestones children are supposed to meet at certain stages and also the delays.

Five level development and their domains

According to Wardwell (2008) child development refers to the biological and psychological changes that occur in human beings between conception and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from independency to increasing autonomy. Development is an ongoing process, children may reach their

Jean Piaget was the first to develop a comprehensive theory of cognitive development. Which states that children’s thinking was not just an immature form of adult thinking but essentially was different from that of adults due to limited experiences with the world. For example a child typically thinks that their teacher lives at school only because that’s where they’ve seen them. From birth to about three years, children have no thought beyond immediate physical experiences. The Piagetian has had a huge impact on education through the development of instructional strategies, supportive environments, and social skills. Cons of this theory include the fact that research methods might have not been the most reliable as he researched on his own children which would then make this a biased sample. Another con is that most children possess abilities an earlier age than he

Whilst some motor developments are evident from birth others develop gradually through infancy and childhood. For example the sucking reflex. If you put something in a baby’s mouth (even a finger) the baby will automatically start sucking. Motor behaviors are bodily motions that occur as result of self-initiated force that moves the bones and muscles (Lilienfeld et al., 2015). Typically different children achieve major motor milestones in the same order due to the fact that some of these motor skills are only activated at a specific time. Fine motor skills refer to the movements we make with the small muscles of the hands such as coloring, cutting, beading, lego and drawing (Study.com, 2015). Children start to use their hands from the moment they’re born. From about 3 months your baby will begin to make an effort to hold on to object. Gross motor skills are movements that involve using the large muscles of the body (Day 2 Day Parenting, 2014). Boys usually develop gross motor skills much sooner than girls with the exception of skills that involve balance and precise movements such as skipping and hopping. Children use gross motor skills to engage in physical play. The major milestones include sitting up, crawling, standing unsupported, walking and running. These are examples of gross motor skills. Things such as coloring in, cutting paper