Spiritual correlates of Psychological Well Being with mediating effect of Resilience and Mindfulness.
Introduction :
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Psychological or subjective well-being may be defined as one's emotional and cognitive evaluations of his or her life (Diener, Oishi, & Lucas, 2003). These evaluations include one's moods, emotional reactions to events, judgments about fulfillment and life satisfaction, and satisfaction with specific life domains. It also includes what lay people might refer to as happiness (Diener, Oishi, & Lucas, 2003). While people's reactions, judgments, and moods vary it is believed that subjective well-being is stable over time and that it is influenced by life events, personality characteristics (Diener, Oishi, & Lucas, 2003), personal goals and cultural values.
According to Huppert (2009) , “ Psychological wellbeing is about lives going well. It is the combination of feeling good and functioning effectively.” An individual with high Psychological Well-Being is happy ,capable, ,well-supported ,satisfied with professional and personal life.
A great deal of the earlier work on psychological well-being focused on its definition and many conceptual frameworks for defining well-being have been proposed. Among these theoretical approaches are bottom-up situational influences, the Dynamic Equilibrium
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The Multiple Discrepancy Theory of Satisfaction (Michalos, 1985) proposes that people compare themselves to various standards that are based on their aspirations, ideal levels of satisfaction, goals, needs, previous conditions, and other people. One's happiness or satisfaction judgments are based on the discrepancies between one's current circumstances and his or her standards (Diener, Suh, Lucas, & Smith, 1999). Earlier social comparison theories were founded on the notion that one would be happy if those around him were worse off, and conversely unhappy if those around him were
Taking the following questionnaire: Satisfaction with Life Scale, Approaches to Happiness Scale, and Authentic Happiness Inventory, helped me evaluate my life. Many times due to circumstance we forget in what positon our life is standing at the moment. We forget how much we have accomplished in the past and how much we have invested to make our future a good one. For the Satisfaction with life scale, I score a 33(love their life and feel that everything is going very well). People may might say well she is living a perfect life, but to be honest is not that is being perfect, is that one day years ago I made a decision of not letting anything take away what I have worked hard for. According to Earl & Carol Diener, because positive moods energize approach tendencies, it desirable that people on average be in a positive mood (1996). If I make a mistake, which is possible because am human, what I do is learn from it. It’s like what the Apostol from the church I go to says” you control life, not life controlling you.”
Ryan, Richard M., and Edward L. Deci. "On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of
Happiness is a feeling that everyone tries to accomplish, yet some people sometimes only capture portions of it. In Brian Doyle essay, “Irreconcilable Dissonance,” he explains that divorce is becoming common among many couples today. Most couples are putting less effort into making a relationship/marriage work. There are many couples who get married, and most of them know that if the marriage does not work that divorce is always an option. With divorce in their back of their mind they lack the true meaning of having a happy marriage. In Eduardo Porter essay, “What Is Happiness,” Porter states that happiness is determined by people’s qualities in their life. People who experience a positive viewpoint on life and about others are overall to
Finding the level of ultimate contentment and life satisfaction can be challenging, but the perception of situations or powerful social connections strengthens the level of happiness within a person. Topic Significance: In recent years, the rate of depression in young adults has increased as people struggle to find the meaning of happiness and how they can achieve happiness. As people continue throughout their life, it is important to recognize what makes them happy.
Have you ever notice that every day the body goes through some type of Physical Fitness? Well it does, in fact it’s a natural achievement without facing much of prostration. Mental wellbeing is a basic factor for living a good life, a complex angle of the overall state of health. To be accurate, self-esteem and life’s pleasure are conductive state of mind that commit to having a mentally healthy approaching towards others.
In the book, The How of Happiness, author and researcher Sonja Lyubomirsky sets her book apart from other self-awareness books by being the first to utilize empirical studies. She uses data gained through scientific method to provide support for her hypothesis. This hypothesis consists mainly of the idea that we have the ability to overcome genetic predisposition and circumstantial barriers to happiness by how we think and what we do. She emphasizes that being happier benefits ourselves, our family and our community. “The How of Happiness is science, and the happiness-increasing strategies that [she] and other social psychologists have developed are its key supporting players” (3).
The 26th President of the United States of America, Mr. Theodore Roosevelt, once said that “Comparison is the thief of joy”. The quote said by the 26th President is significant because it signifies how the concept of Keeping up with the Joneses and Upward Social Comparison Theory is accurate with regards to how comparing oneself to others, causes unhappiness to build up. Keeping up with the Joneses is the economical term that is used to describe the constant pressure or constraint that is placed upon the subconsciousness, in which people, especially the average joe, compares themselves to colleagues, friends, associates, strangers, and family with regards to lifestyle. Keeping up with the Joneses is also a well-known theory in the psychological word, but it goes by the name Upward Social Comparison Theory. Upward social comparison theory is similar to
... middle of paper ... ... Subjective well-being is apparently a product of psychological reactions to external stimulants, and those reactions are a product of learning social paradigms through cultural influences. As such, it is not possible to strictly relate it to any given external circumstance, person, or object for all communities and individuals.
In the Oxford English dictionary the definition of wellbeing is “a state of being healthy, happy or prosperous; physical, psychological and moral welfare.” In correlation with KE 206 module, wellbeing is indeed all these things but also how they shape and influence the lives of children and young people. The wellbeing of children and young people can be understood objectively and subjectively. Objectively, the wellbeing of children and young people can be understood by looking at and measuring basic needs in life food shelter and safety. The wellbeing of children and young people can be understood subjectively by asking how one perceives themselves, their own wellbeing and emotions. In general, wellbeing is also affected by external factors
In the United States 20% of the adult population report that they are living a flourishing life (Keyes, 2002). However, a high percentage reports feeling as if they are ‘‘stuck’’ or ‘‘want more’’ and are yet not diagnosable with a mental disorder (Fredrickson, 2008). Because happiness has been found to be the source of many desirable life outcomes e.g. career success, marriage, and health, it is of importance to understand, how languishing individuals can reach this ideal state: How can well-being be enhanced and misery reduced (Lyubomirsky, King, & Diener, 2005). Over the past decade, research in the field of positive psychology has emerged to provide evidence-based methods to increase an individual’s psychological well-being, through so called positive psychology interventions (PPI’s). PPI’s are treatment methods or intentional activities used to promote positive feelings or behaviour. PPI’s vary from writing gratitude letters, practicing optimistic thinking and replaying positive experiences. A meta-analysis of 51 independent PPI studies demonstrated significant results in the effectiveness of PPI’s increasing well-being (49 studies; r = .29) (Sin & Lyubomirsky, 2009).
By using Gross Domestic Product as the main indicator of well-being, many important factors are neglected. As defined in the New Merriam-Webster Dictionary, well-being is the state of being happy, healthy, or prosperous (1989, p.831). Economically, perhaps the only relevant state under the definition is prosperity, but in reality happiness and health have a great impact on well-being, significant enough to be recognized even when focusing mainly on wealth in numbers. If society hopes to have a more accurate and complete indication of well-being, globally or nationally, a new system of measurement must be developed, leaving GDP to its original function of totaling the dollar value of all domestically-produced goods and services sold over a period of time.
Subjective well-being is a broad term that encapsulates how a person appraises his or her life and emotional experiences. It has different aspects which includes life satisfaction, positive and negative affect (Diener et al., 2016). Positive affect refers to pleasant feelings such as joy, ecstasy, pride. While negative affect is defined as emotions that are troublesome or that can cause disturbance like anger and guilt. Life satisfaction is the cognitive domain of subjective well-being as it refers to the judgments made by the person about his life as a whole (Suldo and Huebner, 2005). For example, a person evaluates his subjective well-being by looking at his health satisfaction, job satisfaction, and other facets of his life including feelings regarding his life experiences (Diener et al., 2016). People with high subjective well-being are
An individual 's happiness is vital to their overall wellbeing and is affected by numerous factors, all to varying extents.
Suh, E. M., & Oishi, S. (2002). Subjective well-being across cultures. In W. J. Lonner, D. L. Dinnel, S. A. Hayes, & D. N. Sattler (Eds.), Online Readings in Psychology and Culture
For example, for one person, happiness is a sense of satisfaction from success in a career, whereas for others, it may be a feeling of being loved by other people. Meanwhile, philosophers indicate that happiness has two senses. The first one is psychological sense related to a state of mind (Haybron). The other sense is “a value term, synonymous with well-being” (Haybron). First observation may be in our daily lives.