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abnormal psychology Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis
quizlet abnormal psychology assesment and diagnosis
important question related to abnormal psychology
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There are multiple criteria that come into play when determining a psychological disorder. One reason is because, it is hard to know for sure if an action is abnormal or not. Something could be abnormal in our country, but a custom in another.
According to Psychology in Action, “[r]ather than being fixed categories, both “abnormal” and “normal” behaviors exist along a continuum, and no single criterion is adequate for [i]dentifying all forms of abnormal behavior” (Huffman). There are four criteria used to determine whether behavior is abnormal. These are known as the four D’s. The first is deviance, this means that someones thoughts are different than those in the their culture and/or society. The second is dysfunction, this is when a person’s behavior is interfering with their everyday life and functions. The third is distress, this means that the person has a substantial amount of distress and unhappiness which can lead to risky or immoral actions. The fourth and final D is danger, this is when the person’s actions indicate that they are a danger to themselves and others.
There are also seven psychological perspectives, they are thought to conduce to abnormal behavior. First is sociocultural, the problems reflect the values and beliefs of the culture. Second is behavioral, there is faulty conditioning or modeling. Evolutionary is the third, this is an exaggerated form of an adaptive reaction. Fourth is humanistic, where the personal growth is blocked. Fifth is psychoanalytic and/or psychodynamic, the unresolved or unconscious conflict. Cognitive is sixth, this is faulty thinking. Seventh is biological, this is problems with the brain, genetics, and biochemistry.
In Psychology in Action, Karen Huffman explains the relationship b...
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United States. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. What Is Bipolar Disorder?. Washington, D.C.: The National Institute of Mental Health, Web. .
United States. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. What is Depression?. Washington, D.C.: HHS.gov, Web. .
United States. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.. What Is Schizophrenia?. Washington, D.C.: The National Institute of Mental Health, Web. .
Yoong, Gideon. "Top 10 Most Notorious Insanity Defense Cases." Listverse. (2012): n. page. Web. 30 Mar. 2014. .
National Institute of Mental Health. (2007) Bipolar Disorder. Bethesda, M.D.: US Department of Health And Human Services.
Nordqvist, C. (2012, February 17). "What Are The Symptoms Of Depression?." Medical News Today. Retrieved from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/241862.
National Institutes of Health. “Depression.” National Institute of Mental Heallth. USA.gov, n.d. Web. 20 Apr. 2014.
... J. H., & Manos, M. J. (2004). Abnormal Psychology: Current Perspectives 9th ed. In L. B. Alloy, J. H. Riskind, & M. J. Manos, The Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sociocultural Perspectives (pp. 75-104). New York: McGraw Hill.
The disparity in outcomes has been attributed to three characteristics of industrialized culture: 1) reliance on psychopharmacology; 2) the “othering” of individuals experiencing mental distress; and 3) the social isolation that ensues from this “othering.” For many who practice in community mental health settings in the United States, the most there is to offer patients with psychosis is a referral to a psychiatrist who will prescribe neuroleptics (Lovell 1997). After further research into the current state of available pharmacological and psychosocial treatments, there are still many unmet needs in the prevention and treatment of schizophrenia. Despite the supposed transformation of treatment in the 1990’s and the introduction of new medicine, treatment of schizophrenia today is not adequate due to costs, misunderstandings of the disease, and racial disparities.
"The Number Count: Mental Disorders in America." www.nimh.nih.gov. National Institutes of Health, 20143. 01 Apr 2014.
Culture has a huge influence on how people view and deal with psychological disorders. Being able to successfully treat someone for a mental illness has largely to do with what they view as normal in their own culture. In Western cultures we think that going to a counselor to talk about our emotions or our individual problems and/or getting some type of drug to help with our mental illness is the best way to overcome and treat it, but in other cultures that may not be the case. In particular Western and Asian cultures vary in the way they deal with psychological disorders. In this paper I am going to discuss how Asian cultures and Western cultures are similar and different in the way they view psychological disorders, the treatments and likelihood of getting treatment, culture bound disorders, and how to overcome the differences in the cultures for optimal treatments.
Mental illness is any disease or condition that reconstruct the way a person thinks, feels, behaves, relates to others and to his or her surroundings. The symptoms can range from mild to severe, and can be presented in different forms, such as Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder, Anxiety disorder, Depression, and Obsessive compulsive disorder. (NHS Choices, 2013) When mental illness is not being treated appropriately, the individual often find coping with life’s daily routine and demand difficult. There are various models being used in the treatment of mental illness, such as Medical model, Social model, Psychological model and Family models. (Mental HealthCare, 2013)
There are two different kinds of disorders, personality disorders and psychological disorders. Psychological disorders are illnesses that an individual experiences a restricted period in which they possess an illness. Personality disorders are long lasting traits that play a large role in the individual's personality (Rathus, 2010). No matter what kind of disorder a person may possess their lives are affected everyday by them. The disorder takes over their body and consumes them as a person. Disorders are oftentimes misunderstood. You do not have the ability to make a split second decision and then continue life without that disorder, it will take lots of counseling. Everyone has some kind of minute form of a disorder even
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2013). Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health. Retrieved from http://healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/overview.aspx?topicid=25
Deviant theories from a positivist perspective are based on biological or social determinism. Determinism is the view that something “is determined or caused by forces beyond the individual’s control” (Thio, 2010, p. 7). Positivist sociologists apply the deterministic view to each individual deviant to determine the reason for his or her deviant behavior. Multiple theories from the positivist perspective try to explain the reason for deviant behavior. Phrenology and anomie-strain are two such theories that have been used to explain deviant behavior from this perspective.
Psychopathology is ‘the study of the origin, development, and manifestations of mental or behavioural disorders’ (Berry, 2011). There are four main components to diagnosing mental illness, or psychopathology, which are social dimension, behavioural dimension and the thought and emotions dimensions (Kowalczyk). All components have an impact on each other and each component has a profound affect on the other. Social issues are influenced by behaviours, behaviours are influenced by thoughts and emotions and emotional issues colour social situations (Kowalczyk). The social dimension regards the individual’s interpersonal connection with the public and others, the behavioural dimension looks at the different actions taken by the individual and
Abnormal psychology may be somewhat rare to catch a glimpse of in public vicinity. However, in motion pictures, numerous upon numerous forms and subtype examples of abnormal psychological disorders are perceived. As for my film of choice I have selected Girl Interrupted. The 1999 picture with lead actress Winona Ryder who plays the role of Susanna Kaysen, a soon to be patient at an exclusive mental hospital with costar Angelina Jolie, who takes on the role of a maddened, wound up sociopath. Encased within the film, Susanna Kaysen displays the signs and symptoms of a woman with borderline personality disorder. Borderline personality disorder abbreviated to BPD, is an illness regarding mental health that spawns a great deal of emotional unsteadiness and unpredictability and has the capability to trail off into other stressing mental and behavioral difficulties.
Mayo Clinic (n.d.) Schizophrenia Definition. Retrieved from Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Website: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/schizophrenia/basics/definition/con-20021077
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (n.d.). What is cyberbullying. Retrieved from StopBullying.gov http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-it/