Owing to significant research into the relationship between physical, mental and social conditions, an awareness and understanding of psycho-social aspects in health care is vital (Walker et al, 2007). Those aspects are particularly important in nursing care, where an individual should be considered as the entire person with a need for physical, psychological, social, emotional, intellectual and even spiritual wellbeing (Holland et al, 2008). This essay will address psycho-social theory of health beliefs and attitudes in relation to nursing care. The essay will begin by considering how health beliefs lead to health behaviours. It will then discuss how theoretical models contribute to nursing care and their usefulness and importance in applying the theory to nurse patients. As the largest force in health care, nursing profession is considered to be in a unique position to facilitate health promotion and disease prevention. Nurses spend considerably more time with patients in comparison to other healthcare professionals and as such, they assist patients in managing their own health. The fundamental requirement in providing this care is to ensure that individuals remain as independent as possible through encouragement and empowerment. There are number of factors to be considered in delivering this care effectively. In view of cultural, socio-economic and educational diversity amongst us, it is difficult to define “health” or indeed “illness”. As our perceptions differ, so do our interpretations and possible meanings of those words. The World Health Organisation (WHO), 1948, states that “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. Although positive, the def... ... middle of paper ... ...arlow. Shaw, C., Brittain, K., Tansey, R. & Williams K. (2008) How people decide to seek health care: A qualitative study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45 (10), 1516-1524. Sully, P., & Dallas, J. (2005) Essential Communication Skills for Nursing. Edinburgh: Elsevier Mosby. Walker, J., Payne, S., Smith, P., Jarrett, N. (2007) Psychology for Nursing and the Caring Professions. 3rd. ed. Glasgow: McGraw Hill. World Health Organisation (1948) “WHO Definition of Health - Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19-22 June, 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948” at http://www.who.int/about/definition/en/print.html. (accessed 02 December 2010).
The conceptual model guiding this paper is A Middle-Range Theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness. The theory defines self-care as a process of maintaining health using health promoting practices and management of illness. It emphasizes that self-care should be performed in both healthy and ill states. In addition, the theory further emphasizes that it is imperative for every individual to engage in some level of self-care from day to day by making informed food choices and rational healthy living styles. An individual in stable condition can maintain health without the need of moving into illness care. However, after an ill and illness management
In the article “Critical social theory approach to disclosure of genomic incidental finding” published in Nursing Ethics described nurse researcher role in disclosure of incidental findings in genomic researches. This situation created ethical dilemma. Technology in medical fields has developed to extents of genetics researches which also created complication of extracted gene-related information. This relatively new field in medicine has an opportunity to improving health, prevent disease and just as screening of population. However, with this advantage comes disadvantage as well. Many genetic testing revealed not only desire information about health but also some incidental findings which created dilemma in nursing practice regarding ethical
The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction, purpose, and rational for selecting a nursing theory. I will describe the theory by identifying the purpose, concepts/definitions, relationships/structure, and assumptions. I will use the Chinn & Kramer evaluation criteria to critique this chosen theory. Finally I will describe a plan for implementing the theory into my practice setting, identifying any barriers and challenges.
Masters, K. (2011). Models and theories focused on nursing goals and functions. In J.B. Butts & K.L. Rich (EDs), Philosophies and theories for advanced nursing practice (pp. 404-409). Salisbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
In 1948 the World Health Organisation (WHO) defined health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. (World Health Organization. 1946). Illness is what
World Health Organisation. 2009. Self-care in the Context of Primary Health Care. Report of the
Walsh, M. (1997). The Nature of Nursing. In M. Walsh (ed.) (1997). Watson’s Clinical Nursing and Related Sciences. 5th Edition. London: Baillière Tindall.
According to the study, the underlying arguments for resistance included respect for life and belief while the arguments underlying acceptance included the quality of life and respect for patient autonomy. Therefore, the aspect of clinical judgment varies on the belief and personal views of the nurse. Another example of social judgment theory that can be used in practice is the nurse-patient communication. Nursing communication skills is essential in order to get the best outcome with adherence to treatments and satisfaction with care. Sheldon and Ellington (2008) investigated the different models of social information processing that describes the sequential steps in the cognitive processes used to respond to social cues and may be useful in describing the nursing process. Specific communication skills are important when distressed patients express sadness and anger, emotions perceived as difficult communication by nurses. Patients that are aggressive may told a nurse to go away and may said things that are too personal. In response, some nurses may avoid or weigh in on how to approach the patient. The patient’s behaviour, the nurse’s reaction and the nurse’s activity are the three concepts described in Orlando’s theory of
Watson, J. (1985). Nursing: Human Science and Human. Norwalk; CT: Appleton – Century – Crofts.
WHO. (2006) Constitution of the World Health Organization. [online] Available at: http://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf [Accessed: 12 Dec 2013].
This interactive grand theory is grounded in humanist philosophy, which expresses the belief that humans are unitary beings and energy fields in constant interaction with the universal energy field. This model guides the nurse who is interested in “physiologic” and “psychological” adoptions (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p. 177). This model views the nurse as holistic adaptive system constantly interacting with different stimuli. And also explains how different sets of interrelated systems maintain a balance between various stimuli to promote individual and environmental transformation (Alkrisat & Dee, 2014). This model creates a framework to provide care for individuals in health and “in acute, chronic, or terminal illness” (Shah, Abdullah, & Khan, 2015, p. 1834). It focuses on improving basic life processes of individuals, families, groups of people; nurses see communities as holistic adaptive systems. It consists of three basic assumptions: philosophical, scientific, and cultural. And it also contains many defined concepts about the environment, health, person, goal of nursing, adaptation, focal, contextual, and residual stimuli, cognator and regulator subsystem, and stabilizer and innovator control processes (McEwen & Wills, 2014, p.
The concept of person needs to be explored to go into further depth with the remaining concepts of the metaparadigm of nursing. Person refers to the person undergoing nursing care which includes individuals, families, groups, and communities (MacIntyre & McDonald, 2014, p.63). It is evident that each person may be unique with different biological, psychological, social, and spiritual depth (Thorne, 2010, p.66). Therefore, it is necessary for nurses to realize that each person at the centre of any nursing care will experience different feelings in regards to their body as a whole. The theorist, Parse, defines the concept of person as being “linked to an unfolding process, the relating of value priorities, meaning, and quality of life” (Wu, 2008, p.6). Also those human beings are free and choose in situations that arise from personal experience and becoming with the universe (Thorne, 2010, p.71). The nurses’ role in regards to this theory is to act encourage individuals in their human becoming process. Wu (2008) looks at the p...
Our group definition of health showed that health is broad and consists of objective and subjective parts. In contrast, the king’s interaction model (theory of goal attainment), the purpose of nursing is to help people maintain, or restore health by mutually goal setting. Her view towards the concept of health are easy to understand, but difficult to realize because the role of nurses is based on the health needs of patient, family, community and population. The other needs of patient, family and community will be resolve by nurses giving patients referrals or follow-up for care to other professionals. These health needs exclude health disparities and inequities in vulnerable population that nurses serve. Also, these health needs include reciprocal
The goal of this paper is to evaluate and discuss the Health Belief Model, its origins, development, key terms and application; review current research that uses the health belief model as a framework for evaluating health related behaviors and provide an example of how the theory can be applied in modern nursing practice.
Health promotion includes providing activities that improve a person’s health. These activities assist patients to “maintain or enhance their present levels of health. Health promotion activities motivate people to act positively to reach more stable levels of health” (Potter & Perry, 2005, p. 97). In order for nurses to assist patients in obtaining healthy lifestyles, they must first assess a patient’s perception of health. The World Health Organization defines health as a “state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (as cited in Potter & Perry, 2005, p. 91). There are many nursing theories that are based on an individual’s perception of health. This paper will explore how health promotion theories can assist nurses in understanding how these perceptions can affect a person’s lifestyle choices.