During the Protestant Reformation, religion and politics in Europe underwent drastic change, in a relatively short period of a few hundred years. It began in the early 1500's with Martin Luther's criticism of corruption in the Catholic Church, and from there lead to the official formation of numerous Protestant Christian sects, including Lutheranism, Calvinism, Anglicanism, Anabaptism, and many others. The Catholic Church in turn was forced to reconsider some of its own positions in order to remain a relevant and effective power in Europe. These swift, and sometimes sweeping, changes led to the evolution of religious services, music in particular, with each new sect emphasizing certain aspects while de-emphasizing or even removing others …show more content…
King Henry VIII's family rose to the English throne the War of the Roses, which began due to complications in succession . It is because of this, in addition to a sense of duty, that Henry VIII very strongly feels that it is important he produce a male heir to the throne. His first wife, Catherine of Aragon, was originally the wife of Prince Arthur, Henry VIII's brother. In order to marry her, Henry VIII had to seek a special dispensation from the pope, since this would normally be considered adultery, forbidden in Catholicism. The issue became further complicated when Henry VIII later sought to divorce Catherine of Aragorn in order to marry Anne Bolyn. Henry VIII had no male heir with Catherine, and had become infatuated with Anne Bolyn. To do this would again require special permission from the pope. Henry VIII argued that even though he was given a dispensation, the marriage with Catherine still could not be valid, claiming that the failure to produce a male heir was a sign from God in support of this fact. The pope refused to annul their marriage. Henry VIII's response was to separate from the Catholic Church and the papacy in Rome, creating his own religion, …show more content…
Under Henry VIII, the church remained largely similar to Catholicism. Henry VIII did seize all monastic property in England, seeking to gain more wealth from the now illegal Catholic institution. He began the creation of an English liturgy, but this did not yet fully develop. Like other Protestant sects, Anglicanism did begin to use the vernacular language for its services, but this too did not fully develop under Henry VIII. Ultimately, the creation of the Church of England was entirely political, so little change occurred in its religious and aesthetic style,
Before the reformation Henry, the VIII had a lot of contributing factors to the start of the reformation. King Henry VIII wanted his marriage with his wife, Catherine of Aragon annulled because he wanted a male heir because at this time women wouldn't rule alone though his wife kept producing females and was about to become too old to have kids and king Henry VIII thought it was her fault not his so he wanted to marry and new younger person Anna Boleyn because he thought she would be
Social and economic stresses of The Protestant Reformation age were just among few of the things that impacted the ordinary population of Europe. The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, and cultural disorder that divided Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the ordinary population. In northern and central Europe, reformers like Martin Luther, John Calvin and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice. In 1555 The Peace of Augsburg allowed for the coexistence of Catholicism and Lutheranism in Germany; and in 1648 Treaty of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years’ War. The key ideas of the Reformation, a call to purify the church and a belief that the Bible, should be the sole source of spiritual authority. However, Luther and the other reformers became the first to skillfully use the power of the printing press to give their ideas a wide audience.
...ad been in a state of economic crisis for an extensive time. These actions created a rift between his subjects; many remained loyal to the church and wanted Henry to reinstate it, while others believed it to be corrupted, and accepted the new change. Revolution hung in the air and threatened the stability Henry had been pushing to create. He knew that the tension would recede should he bear a son to carry on the Tudor name.
King Henry VIII was born in 1491, and became king in 1509, until his death in 1547. He is probably most known for his six marriages, which he had two of his former wives beheaded. As king, Henry VIII was responsible for separating England from the Roman Catholic Church creating the newly formed Church of England. As a result of this reformation, King Henry VIII discontinued all monasteries serving Rome in England to get rid of all Catholic influences which ultimately led to a new form of church music being written for the Anglican Church. King Henry VIII was a unique king in the sense that he was a strong advocate for the arts especially music. He was a composer, musician, and had a very large court fill with some of the best musicians in Europe. His compositions were some of the most popular songs in England during the Renaissance. He was originally intended to play a major leadership role in the church, but due to the death of his elder brother Arthur he became king. The education and training he received for the church naturally played an enormous role in the daily life in his court. The fact that he was so involved with music really shaped his ideology on what should be the role for the arts in his monarch and how his court should function on a daily basis.
The Church of England was created when King Henry wished to divorce his wife Catherine of Aragon, but Pope Clement didn’t allow it. As a result of this event King Henry split off from the R.C.C. and started a new church with himself as the head, thus allowing him to divorce and marry another of his six wives. Eventually after many wives and many attempts, King Henry finally had an heir which survived birth and lived old enough to be the next king… but in fact she bore a daughter instead of Henry’s much desired son. Henry’s church kept most of the catholic faith but simply rejected the Pope’s authority. When Henry died Mary (“Bloody Mary”) took
...e Henry could gain his divorce from his first wife, Catherine of Argon. This move formed a large and influential religion in England which is still present to this day. At the time though, an effect of this was the death of thousands of men and women who refused to convert to the Church of England, it is estimated that 72,000 people were executed during Henry VIII reign for their refusal to convert (Heal, 2009)
Henry VIII was actually a Roman Catholic, but in 1527, he decided he wanted to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon, who had become too old to grant him a male heir, a forbidden practice in the Catholic Church. The pope denied his appeal for divorce, and in 1534 Henry VIII was made head of the Church of England by the Act of Supremacy, which cut the Pope’s power in the country and allowed Henry to get the divorce he desired. The act also dissolved the monasteries in the country. However, Henry’s personal religious beliefs remained Catholic. His main reason for breaking away from the Catholic Church was desire for divorce, and a male heir, not any disagreement over the doctrines of the Church. He was not aiming to form an entire new religion, only to escape the rule of the
Having a religion change, many times, takes a toll on those who follow. This would include the hardships of the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation. Religious tensions were spreading throughout Europe, starting from the Protestant Reformation. Some of those who followed the Catholic church began to question how much was true and how many lies they were told to believe in. Many important Leaders of the Reformation stated their opinions about that Catholic church. These opinions would then be evaluated in the Catholic Reformation, The Council of Trent. Beliefs would be revised and practices would be evaluated. The core beliefs would still be Catholic, thus still different from a protestant beliefs. This led to officials of states
The Protestant Reformation was a period of time (1500-1700) where there became a change in Western Christendom. This reformation was caused by the resentment from the people because the Catholic Church abusing their powers for political and economic advances. In this time the church was selling pardons for sin and indulgences to forgive sins, decrease days spent in purgatory and save the dead from damnation. The reformation was when people became more aware with the back hand dealings with the church and men like Martin Luther and John Calvin created their own churches to what they believed was not corrupt unlike the church. Unfortunately there many consequences as far at the Roman Catholic church attempting to bring people back to the church,
Early in his rule, Henry VIII married Catherine of Aragon (16). After many years of trying to have a son, Henry VIII was convinced that he would not get a male heir from his wife. He began to call this the “King's great matter.” Henry VIII knew he needed to marry someone else (Benson, EW biographies 122). The problem was, The Roman Catholic Church did not allow divorce. Henry VIII decided to ask the Pope for an annulment. He claimed that the marriage was void because Catherine was his brother’s widow (Benson, EW almanac 17). The Pope did not agree to the annulment because he did not want to anger Catherine’s nephew, Charles V of Spain (Benson, EW biographies 122). Henry VIII fired his assistant Thomas Wolsey after he failed to get the annulment from the Pope (Benson, EW almanac
When Henry took the throne, he gave most of the responsibility to Cardinal Thomas Wolsey. He did this because as a 17 year old boy, he felt he wasn’t ready for all of that responsibility at once (Sommerville). Even though he was king, he had no desire to know the everyday problems of England. One of Henry’s biggest accomplishments as king was implementing a naval fleet. He tried to get England to fight with Scotland and France (Scarisbrick 738).
She captivated the heart of King Henry the VIII with her exquisite sexuality, intelligence, and witty appeal. King Henry quickly became so charmed and infatuated with Anne that he demanded a dissolution of his previous marriage to Queen Catherine from the pope in light of the fact that she was not untouched by man when she had relations with King Henry, and in addition that God was punishing him for marrying his brother's wife. An investigation took place and the Pope declared the marriage to be invalid. This left King Henry the VIII with no other alternative than to separate from the influences of the Pope and the Catholic Church and to make his own particular church, the Church of England, so he could marry Anna Boleyn.
The Catholic Counter Reformation, also known as the Catholic Revival, was an effort taken by the Roman Catholic Church to counteract the effects of the Protestant Reformation and keep it from spreading. The reformation begun by the Protestants aimed to change the inner workings of the Catholic Church, while the Counter Reformation aimed to keep practices and procedures the same. The Counter Reformation took place between the 16th and 17th centuries and began shortly after the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
Confronted with the surprising successes of the various Protestant groups, the Roman Catholic Church, as it was now called, struck back with a Counter-Reformation. The Counter-Reformation, with a revitalized papacy, new monastic orders, and a reforming council, confronted the Protestant threat, purified the church of abuses, and reorganized its structure.
When Henry VIII made the decision to have his marriage annulled to his wife Catherine of Arrogan, a devoted Catholic and mother to his daughter Mary and also Cousin to the Pope of Rome, he set in motion a series of events that would have a monumental effect on the future of religion in England. The pope refused Henry’s request and this lead to the reformation of the Church of England to which he instilled himself the head of allowing for his divorce. Once the divorce was complete, Henry married Ann Boleyn, who was part of the growing protestant group, who gave birth to Henrys second Daughter Elizabeth. After he had Ann beheaded, he went on to Marry Jane Seymour, who gave him his long awaited heir Edward. Elizabeth and Edward were both brought up as Protestants, whereas Mary was raised as a catholic. In 1539 Henry took it upon himself to abolish the monasteries his intentions were to gain the wealth and “suppress political opposition.” (http://www.bl.uk/learning/timeline/item106122.html)