The prostate, a gland found only in men, is part of the reproductive system. It is a gland that produces the semen, the fluid that contains sperm. It is about the size of a walnut and lies just beneath the urinary bladder (Niendorf, 2006, p.1068). Prostate cancer is a disease in which the cells of the prostate become abnormal and start to grow uncontrollably, forming tumors (Niendorf, 2006, p.1068). It is a malignancy of one of the major male sex glands (Cherath, 2002, p.2730). It is a slow-growing disease but it can be very aggressive in younger patients. Second only to skin cancer, the American Cancer Society estimates that in 2000 at least 180,400 new cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed (Cherath, 2002, p.2730). Cancerous cells within the prostate itself are generally not deadly on their own. However, as the tumor grows, some of the cells break off and spread to other parts of the body through the lymph or the blood, a process known as metastasis (Cherath, 2002, p.2730). One in six men in the United States will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. It affects African-American men twice as often as white men and the mortality rate among African-Americans is also two times higher. African-Americans have the highest rate of prostate cancer of any world population group (Cherath, 2002, p.2730). The average age at diagnosis of prostate cancer is around 72. In fact, 80% of prostate cancer cases occur in men over the age of 65. As men grow older, the likelihood of getting prosphate cancer increases (Niendorf, 2006, p.1068). There is some evidence to suggest that a diet high in fat increases the risk of prostate cancer. Studies also suggest that nutrients such as soy isoflavones, vitamin E, selenium, vitamin D and carotenoids (includi...
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...r. In B. Narins (Ed.), The Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders (2nd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 1068-1072). Detroit: Gale. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezp01.lirn.net/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3451500354&v=2.1&u =lirn43 170&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w&asid=fe43033b35aa4121d1e3b7c14ec22a29
Lepore, S. J., & Roberts, K. J. (2007). Cancer: Prostate. In S. Ayers, A. Baum, C. McManus, S. Newman, K. Wallston, J. Weinman, & R. West, Cambridge Handbook of Psychology, Health and Medicine (2nd ed., pp. 607-609). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Retrievedfromhttp://go.galegroup.com.ezp01.lirn.net/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX131 0400151&v=2.1&u=lirn43170&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w&asid=0bdeac64427143d8e7ca42 94be4b770f
Mayo Clinic. “Diseases and Conditions: Prostate Cancer” Mayoclinic.org. Retrived from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prostate-cancer/basics/definition/con- 20029597
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common ailments that affect aging men. Statistics show that more than half of the entire male population aged 65 have some form of BPH, while about 90 percent of men aged 85 have the condition. Every year, in the United States alone, about a quarter of a million surgeries are performed to correct BPH. As they name implies, BPH is a non-malignant growth of the prostate, the gland that secretes semen, the fluid that transports sperm. Although not harmful, BPH can bring about symptoms that could largely affect the quality of life of its sufferers.
Cancer of the prostate, a common form of cancer, is a disease in which cancer (malignant) cells are found in the prostate. The prostate is on the male sex glands, and is located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. The size of the prostate is about the size of a walnut. It surrounds the part of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. The prostate makes fluid that becomes part of the semen, which contains sperm. Prostate cancer is most commonly found in older men.
The growth and development of prostate is controlled by the male hormone, testosterone and its active metabolite, dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Testosterone is converted to DHT by an enzyme called 5 alpha reductase.
Prostate cancer has been the number one diagnosed cancer today. According to the World Health Organization, approximately one in every ten American men will develop prostate cancer during his lifespan. This cancer has been very common in the last few years. American Cancer Society reported over 200,000 new cases of prostate cancer. Huge number of population suffered severely. The prostate is significant for reproduction. It helps the substances that are involved in fertilization and transporting of sperm as well as survival. Prostate tumor is developed in the prostate gland, which is found in the men’s reproductive system. Prostate is the size of a walnut, which is located inferiorly in the penis and anterior to the rectum. It contains the connective tissue, which includes the glandular and fibrous tissues. This tumor starts to develop during their adolescent year due to the control of the male reproductive hormones. When the tumor starts to develop, it begins at the urethra, which is a tube that releases the urine from the bladder. The tumor is a slow development yet it is contagious to the other parts of the body, such as it does affect the pelvic bones, lungs, liver, and the lower vertebrae (Zenka, 2009).
... to develop. In adult males the most frequently diagnosed cancer is prostate cancer, which is diagnosed in one out of every seven men. Prostate cancer is a cancer that contains familial tendencies, when past generations of an individual have been diagnosed, the likelihood of inheriting it is greatly increased. Though the most frequent cancer found in adult males, prostate cancer does not cause the most fatalities from cancers in adult males. When treated early and correctly, the cancer is not commonly fatal, and less than 3% of American males with prostate cancer die from the illness itself (Prostate Cancer 5).
Cancer Cancer is a disease in which cells grow out of control and invade, erode, and destroy normal tissue. Damaged genes cause this development of cancer. These damaged genes are often a factor caused by such things such as the environment, and can be influenced by inherited factors. As the very early damaged cells divide they can evolve into a malignant cell population, and lose the control mechanism that govern normal cell division. These malignant cells can then go on to form solid tumours that start to destroy normal tissue.
Evidence of the beneficial effects of physical activity in the primary prevention and management of cancer is growing and there is an association between higher levels of physical activity and lower cancer death rates. Research has found that walking or cycling for at least a half-an-hour a day is associated with a reduction in cancer, when exercising is increased to an hour, cancer diagnosis fall by 16 percent. Although, evidence is mixed when it comes to specific cancers. Research has shown a strong relationship between increased physical activity and reduced colon cancer in both sexes. Men who are more active at work (not just sitting at a desk), have lower rates of prostate cancer. Other cancer studies show that physical activity after diagnosis can aid recovery and improve outcomes. Studies have also shown that men who are physically active are less likely to experience erectile
Almost all prostate cancers develop form the gland cells in the prostate that make the seminal fluid. While some prostate cancers can grow rapidly, most are slow grow. This cancer can grow so slow that older men who have died from othe...
Society links breast cancer to women, but what about the males in our society? Males have breast tissues,'' Boys' and men's bodies normally do not produce much of the breast stimulating hormones. As a result their breast tissue usually stays flat and small (Breast Cancer,2008). Men usually have mounds of fat breast tissue, but a small percentage can have real breast gland tissue associated from taking certain medications or having an abnormal hormone level (Breast Cancer, 2008). Studies have shown that male breast cancer has increased over 25 years, from 1973-1988 ( American Cancer Society, 2008). As for the year 2005, a total of 1,690 male breast cancer cases were reported ( Breast Cancer, 2008). Male breast cancer is rare, but the diagnoses are rising each year (Giordano,2004).
"Prostate Cancer; Fusion imaging helps target greater doses of radiation to prostate cancer cells." Cancerweekly Plus. 21 Oct. 2003: 147.eLibrary. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.
BPH is a condition in men in which the prostate gland is enlarged in size, causing to interruption of the outflow of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra. It is unregulated proliferation of glandular epithelium, connective tissue and smooth muscle within the prostatic transition area. As Patel and Parsons (2014) suggests, age and genetics play the significant role in the aetiology of BPH and which are non-modifiable. Similarly, risk factors for BPH are obesity, excess weight, diabetes, the metabolic syndrome and diet, which are modifiable. Although, the clinical manifestations of BPH are urinary symptoms like urinary retention, voiding difficulty problem and urine dribbling at the end are obstructive symptoms. Likewise, nocturia,
Today, prostate cancer is usually detected through screening, and there are two methods for early detection. The prostate-specific antigen test (PSA) is used, but there are many factors that can influence the outcome of the PSA test. Medications such as antihistamines, physical exertion or recent ejaculation can raise a PSA level (Gray, 2009). The test itself was intended for staging the presence of known prostate cancer and is less reliable when used alone (Oliver, 2007).
... into four different groups. The first group was given 400IU/day vitamin E alone, the second; 200ug/day selenium alone, the third; both and the fourth group; a placebo. The men were monitored over a median of six years. 529 men developed prostate cancer in the placebo group as compared to the 620 men in the vitamin E group who developed the disease. 575 men in the selenium group developed prostate cancer and 555 men in the combination group. The risk of prostate cancer in the United States is currently 16%. The results of the study showed that the risk of prostate cancer increased by 1.6% in men taking the vitamin E supplementation [6].