INTRODUCTION
Management is the binding power of the organization that binds all other units of organization to come to together to achieve organizational goal. Management activities deal with major five i.e., planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Management as science helps in providing the necessary knowledge and art helps in sculpting this knowledge through personal skills. Management as an art and of science plays simultaneously. Management is both an art and a science because skills or proficiency, which constitutes an art, results from knowledge and practice which is a product of science. Management is an alloy of art and science; the more skillful the work the more complete is the work. In this skill of the work
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“Science is a systematic body of knowledge that explains certain general truths or the operations of general laws” (Charnes et al., 1985). There are some of the features that distinguish science from that of art. It has a systemized body of knowledge. Its principals are based on cause and effect relationship. For example, the phenomenon of an apple falling from a tree towards the ground is explained by law of gravity. Most of the principles generated are through continuous experimentation. Experimentation can be developed under superior observation and controlled conditions. For managers to go in the notion it is necessary to build legitimate knowledge which done with the help of science and to archive the organizational goal (Meisiek and Barry, 2014). The management of principles and theories has developed over a period of time; it draws on other disciplines such as economics, sociology, psychology and mathematics. Management deals with human being and human behavior, experiments conducted on these factors never gives complete success because every human being is different. Principles of management are not as exact as the principles of science. Application of principles of management is not universal. The principles of management provides managers with certain standardized techniques that can be used in different situations, these are also used for training and development managers. Managers can work better if their practice is based on the principles of management. …show more content…
Management as art and management as science are mutually exclusive but these topics complement each other. Management as art and science have lots of pros and cons .Some of the pros and cons of management as science are that, it cannot give an accurate answer , this is because science implements its answer after repeated experiments and only when the experiments gives an accurate result will a scientist propagates his theory but as of in management this cannot be completely done because management deals with the behavior of human being and this cannot be founded out because every personality have different behavior and character style (Charnes et al., 1985). Even if the experiment is conducted under a maintained and controlled environment the experiment won’t give a complete result. Thus it means that principles of management are not as exact as principles of science. Management can be called a flexible science its principles and theories can be different at different times and according to the situation. Scientific principles are based on a logic example: The theory that the earth circumferences sun has been scientifically prove. The principles of management has been came in to theory after a lot of experiments and experiences of many managers Example : After lot of experiments by professionals on working
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Management “is the art of getting things done through the efforts of other people” (p.8). We all know that the management is not how it was when it was first started back in the early 1990s. Managers have a big responsibility of making sure there managing their areas of responsibly and team very well. Principle of Management is a way of making sure you are managing your work by involving others to make sure it gets done. According to our text Carpenter, Bauer, & Erdogan (2009) ,”the principles of management are the activities that “plan, organize, and control the operations of the basic elements of [people], materials, machines, methods, money and markets, providing direction and coordination, and giving leadership to
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Over the past hundred years management has continuously been evolving. There have been a wide range of approaches in how to deal with management or better yet how to improve management functions in our ever changing environment. From as early as 1100 B.C managers have been struggling with the same issues and problems that manager’s face today. Modern managers use many of the practices, principles, and techniques developed from earlier concepts and experiences.
There are three well-established theories of classical management: Taylor?s Theory of Scientific Management, Fayol?s Administrative Theory, Weber?s Theory of Bureaucracy. Although these schools, or theories, developed historical sequence, later ideas have not replaced earlier ones. Instead, each new school has tended to complement or coexist with previous ones.
Management plays a significant role in how business operates. The diversity of approaches to the theoretical and practical background of management has come up with several versions of what is meant by such key words as management and organization. The academia views expressed in relation to management theories take a different role than that prescribed to managers. There has not been any concrete definition of management even though the classic definition of Henri fayol still remains in contention to be the preferred choice after eighty years. In the context of what is required I would like to elaborate on the following journals.