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Introduction rise of the nazi
Introduction rise of the nazi
Nazi rule in Germany
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“All propaganda must be popular and its intellectual level must be adjusted to the most limited intelligence among those it is addressed to, consequently, the greater the mass it is intended to reach, the lower its purely intellectual level will have to be.”
~Adolf Hitler Mein Kampf “Psychology of Propaganda”
Fascism is a form of counter-revolutionary politics that first arose in the early part of the twentieth-century in Europe. It was a response to the rapid social upheaval, the devastation of World War I, and unstable economy. Fascism is a philosophy or a system of government that advocates or exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with an ideology of aggressive nationalism. It promotes celebrating the nation or the race as a pure community surpassing all other loyalties. This right-wing political philosophy will even advocate violent action to maintain this loyalty which is held in such high regards.
The most recognized name that goes along with Fascism is Germany’s Adolf Hitler, a founder of the Nazi party who rose to power in 1933. Some of the central mythic goals of National Socialist movement in 1930’s Germany were to: activate “the people” as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies, to create a pure nation of unity, and to establish ultimate control of one supreme leader, Hitler, from whom all power proceeds downward. Nationalism thus became a central component of the Third Reich. As a result, art of propaganda was considered to be the most crucial element in establishing the new Reich as envisioned by Hitler. Politics and aesthetics seemingly united in this context. Art became a cultural and political mission in Germany and it led to an increase in ethnic propaganda. This essay, therefore, will analytically discuss the mythic context of Hitler’s Race and Nation and Leni Riefenstahl’s film, Triumph of the Will by examining its significance within Nazi conceptions of Aryanism and art.
Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf (My Struggle) dwells on his views on the significance of race in culture and social systems, and particularly on his perception of the role of Aryans and Jews in culture creation and destruction. In order to bring together and gain support from the majority of the nation Hitler praises the mythical importance of Aryan race,...
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...ent. Riefenstahl's shooting of the film brings out not only the spoken content of the Nazi mythology, but also expresses their ideals through heavy visual imagery. Clearly in the beginning of the movie we observe the birth of a myth when a serious and gloomy atmosphere surrounds the mythic message with the titles, “16 years after the German woe began...” then changes to an uplifting mood when the titles say, “19 months after the beginning of Germany's rebirth...” We sense almost unbearable tension of anticipation as represented through the music and the lighting, later the tone of the music gets somewhat subdued and turns into something dreamy, mystical while we see the billowing clouds. When the silhouette of Nuremberg appears through the clouds the music turns into the Nazi anthem, which continues while we see the shadow of the plane over the marching columns of storm troopers. This demonstrates the significance of the music for creating the desired emotional impression among the viewers. Also, one must not underestimate the importance of the national anthem in the attempts of a party to ascertain that they are the “only” party that “truly” represents the people and the nation.
In the years between 1933 and 1945, Germany was engulfed by the rise of a powerful new regime and the eventual spoils of war. During this period, Hitler's quest for racial purification turned Germany not only at odds with itself, but with the rest of the world. Photography as an art and as a business became a regulated and potent force in the fight for Aryan domination, Nazi influence, and anti-Semitism. Whether such images were used to promote Nazi ideology, document the Holocaust, or scare Germany's citizens into accepting their own changing country, the effect of this photography provides enormous insight into the true stories and lives of the people most affected by Hitler's racism. In fact, this photography has become so widespread in our understanding and teaching of the Holocaust that often other factors involved in the Nazi's racial policy have been undervalued in our history textbooks-especially the attempt by Nazi Germany to establish the Nordic Aryans as a master race through the Lebensborn experiment, a breeding and adoption program designed to eliminate racial imperfections.
Fascism --a political philosophy that exalts nation and often race above the individual-- lays the underpinnings for the Nazi regimen. Ipso facto, it is not unfo...
Adolf Hitler’s political goals and social philosophies can be seen vividly through a brief excerpt of his autobiography/exposition entitled “Mein Kampf” or “My Struggles.” Hitler’s thoughts seemed to arise from a mind that blamed the German
It has long been disputed that Leni Riefenstahl's 'Triumph of The Will,' is neither art or propaganda. Whether it is one, the other, or perhaps both at once, the film's acclaimed cinematography, known and respected worldwide, was the vehicle in which Hitler became Germany's God. Regardless of Leni's personal or impersonal associations with the Nazi Party, Triumph of The Will undoubtedly played a vital role in persuading a nation. Set in the bountiful city of Nuremberg, Triumph of The Will encapsulates the 1934 Nazi Party Rally. Hitler's former appointment in 1933 saw the abolishment of democracy and the guaranteed rights of German citizens. In order to actualise his complete control at such an extraordinary time, it was essential for Hitler
Walter Benjamin’s essay The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction, published well into the Nazis’ tenure in Germany describes fascism in its epilogue as “the introduction of aesthetics into political life.” For this purpose, it is important to understand the denotative meaning of “aesthetics.” The Oxford Dictionary defines aesthetics as “a set of principles concerned with the appreciation of beauty.” Additionally, it can also refer to “a set of principles underlying the work of a particular artist or artistic movement.” Adolf Hitler and the Nazis established this “aesthetic” in Nazi Germany through multiple means: They created a clearly defined ideal of what was beautiful in appearance and what was degenerate, they had a clearly
To this day it remains incomprehensible to justify a sensible account for the uprising of the Nazi Movement. It goes without saying that the unexpectedness of a mass genocide carried out for that long must have advanced through brilliant tactics implemented by a strategic leader, with a promising policy. Adolf Hitler, a soldier in the First World War himself represents the intolerant dictator of the Nazi movement, and gains his triumph by arousing Germany from its devastated state following the negative ramifications of the war. Germany, “foolishly gambled away” by communists and Jews according to Hitler in his chronicle Mein Kampf, praises the Nazi Party due to its pact to provide order, racial purity, education, economic stability, and further benefits for the state (Hitler, 2.6). Albert Speer, who worked closely under Hitler reveals in his memoir Inside the Third Reich that the Führer “was tempestuously hailed by his numerous followers,” highlighting the appreciation from the German population in response to his project of rejuvenating their state (Speer, 15). The effectiveness of Hitler’s propaganda clearly served its purpose in distracting the public from suspecting the genuine intentions behind his plan, supported by Albert Camus’ insight in The Plague that the “townsfolk were like everybody else, wrapped up in themselves; in other words, they were humanists: they disbelieved in pestilences”(Camus, 37). In this sense “humanists” represent those who perceive all people with virtue and pureness, but the anti-humanist expression in the metaphor shows the blind-sidedness of such German citizens in identifying cruel things in the world, or Hitler. When the corruption within Nazism does receive notice, Hitler at that point given h...
The film has a tremendous energy filled with flags waving, soldiers saluting, women and children waving while happily marching together. The film expresses love and pride for the country. A dark side of nationalism, militarism and Nazism is not seen. Instead Riefenstahl’s vision is idealistic in a sense, causing the viewer to wish they were there. She filmed endless marching men who did not even carry guns, with orchestral music to match. The seemingly innocent army has organized energy and displays discipline and sacrifice, remarkably without any weapons. It is important to remember that documentaries don’t document just an event, they also document the perception of an event, and that perception is enacted in the film itself. While Riefenstahl uses editing techniques and upbeat music to paint a happy scene of positive energy and patriotism, the film has an eerie element that constitutes the truth behind it. Hitler is celebrated as a savior in the film and embraced as a social phenomenon, when the rest of the world knows him to be a truly evil mastermind with a seductive
In this essay I will explore the effectiveness of propaganda, used to maintain control over Nazi Germany. I will also analyse the arguments for the different cases associated with the statement before concluding with my own personal opinion.
Adolf Hitler (the Führer or leader of the Nazi party) “believed that a person's characteristics, attitudes, abilities, and behavior were determined by his or her so-called racial make-up.” He thought that those “inherited characteristics (did not only affect) outward appearance and physical structure”, but also determined a person’s physical, emotional/social, and mental state. Besides these ideas, the Nazi’s believed tha...
“ Hitler used propaganda and manufacturing enemies such as Jews and five million other people to prepare the country for war.” (Jewish Virtual Library), This piece of evidence shows Hitler’s attempt of genocide toward the Jewish race a...
Mein Kampf, which translates to My Struggle, was the autobiography of Hitler. It is the controversial telling of Hitler’s beliefs and thoughts, and is still banned in some countries more than 80 years later. (How Mein Kampf Changed the World, 2008). Throughout Mein Kampf, Hitler divides people into categories based on their appearance and race. The highest of these categories is the ‘Germanic man’ who is a person with fair skin, blonde hair and blue eyes. Hitler referred to this race as the Aryan or the ‘Master Race’. These people were considered to be superior compared to the Jews and Slavic peoples who he deemed racially inferior. Hitler strongly emphasises throughout the book his beliefs on Jew’s conspiracy and the need he feels to persecute and dehumanise the Jews, many of these views becoming wide spread and even taught in schools. (How Mein Kampf Changed the World, 2008).
Hitler believes that human race can be divided into three categories- founders, maintainers and destroyers of culture. He firmly believes that the Aryan race compose the first category.
Today in the United States, some people say that it tends to be fascism like 1930s in Germany. Then, what is fascism? Fascism is defined as one of the form of political organization that is more totalitarian and nationalistic, and it is against liberalism and communism. One of its characteristic is being a dictator (Meikyo Japanese dictionary,2010). In this report, I will analyze what is the similarity and difference between the social movement today in the US and 1930s in Germany.
Thesis: Propaganda was a tool that leaders used to get people involved in wars of the past.