1.1 General
Construction labour productivity has become big problem in construction industry. In many countries, labour cost comprises 30 to 50% of the overall project’s cost (Yates and Guhathakurta, 1993), and thus is regarded as a true reflection of the economic success. Because construction is labour-intensive industry, significance of this effect not only justifies the concern over its labour productivity, but it can also be argued that labour power is the only productive resource.
There are many challenges that are faced by construction industry in India, but one of the important challenges is labour productivity in construction. Every project has some difficulty in construction like material, money, tools and local contractor’s construction cost.
Productivity is not equivalent to performance. Many workers perform strenuously but have low productivity due to ineffective methods. The productivity may be high, however, with low performance, due to automatic machinery, which paces the work.
1.2 Motivation
Productivity is the key to the survival and growth of any organisation, industry or nation. Well-known Construction Company like L&T, have reported productivity issues. Some factors constrain the achievement of the set project objectives in the building and construction industry and are responsible for the reported steady decline of the productivity and performance. Thus resulting in time and cost overruns.
Most of the papers focus on the factors affecting productivity. They all discuss about the most important factor affecting labour productivity. Less stress is given to change in methodology of construction practises. In depth observations are required to find the faults in the ongoing practises and correct them. Also, di...
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...igned to establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance.”
a)Steps or Procedure Involved in Time Study
The detailed procedure for conducting the time study is shown in Fig. 1.3.
Fig 1.3: Time Study Procedure Flowchart
b) Allowances
The normal time taken by the labour to perform any operation does not contain any allowances. It is impossible to work throughout the day form morning till evening even though the most practicable and effective method has been developed. The job will demand the expenditure of human effort and some allowance must therefore be made for recovery from fatigue and for relaxation.
Allowances must also be given to enable the worker to attend to his/her personal needs. Following are the main types of allowances:
• Relaxation allowance
• Interference allowance
• Contingency allowance.
When we see an economic downturn many of the different industries are affected in different ways depending upon their demand. The industry which always seems to be affected first and the last to recover is the construction industry. The construction industry is one of the largest sectors of the UK’s economy. It contributes around £90billion which is 6.7% of the total and 2.9 million people are employed within the construction sector. (HM Government, 2013) (Barawas and Fleetwood et al., 2013) This contribution is measured by the Gross Value Added (GVA), here below is a table to represent the contribution the construction industries GVA (for 2012 prices) and its % of economy.
In order to identify the effectiveness of strategy to ensure on – time completion in construction project, there are challenges that hinder project from complete on time were identified and ranked based on the calculation of the relative importance index as shown in Table 4.3.
Productivity is the quantity of output formed by one unit of production input in a unit of time. Inputs used in the production of the goods and services are the major determinants of any country’s productivity they are also called factors of production. There are four major determinants of productivity of any country’s economy.
...ing low cost but reliable alternatives to expensive technology and building a culture for continuous improvement. Secondly, developing a culture that promotes high level of respect and morale, which eventually leads to a healthy work environment. When the work environment is cordial and friendly, all the different stakeholders will also interact with each other and work in a way that is best for the construction industry. Finally, most of the project delivery process should be transformed into Integrated Project Delivery processes so that they involve all the different stakeholders at vital phases of the project. This can form a solid foundation for a project and the chances of errors will be almost minimal or none.
The idea of worker performance, or “human engineering” is to have construction site planning, coordination and scheduling working as smoothly as possible to make sure one can meet a deadline without any resistance. Now as one works on a construction site, there will be unplanned incidents that will make the job more difficult. These can include weather conditions, site conditions, and worker motivation. A projects success depends on high level worker performance to meet fast approaching deadlines.
For an increase in productivity a firm should focus on increasing its revenue and reducing its cost. This will lead to the longevity and success of a business. In the manufacturing industry, this means efficiency in internal processes. The knowledge and skills of people contributes to innovation and productivity improvement. Increasing pressures on the manufacturing sector stem from skills shortages and growing competition for talent. Well-connected people who are capable of collaborating and have access to peer knowledge can contribute to the success of a
When reading the book The Goal written by Eliyahu Goldratt, there were many lessons that I learned in order to have a clear and concise understanding of a positive level of productivity in a company. To have a positive level of productivity there are may components that are taken into consideration. Understanding what it actually means to be productive and how to increase the level of productivity by knowing the actual goal of the company that is trying to be reached and the components that go into the process of being productive. There are many factors that contribute to the level of productivity and being able to identify these factors is the key ingredient to having a successful level of productivity.
Abu Hassan (2008) stated in his report, although the construction industry plays an significant part in contributing to the economic operation of the rural area, its contribution to the workplace accident is equally strong. It still clings to its infamous position of being responsible for more occupational accidents, injuries and fatalities as compared to other manufactures. Abu Hassan also said that the case fatality rate in the construction industry in Malaysia was of more than three times of other workplaces, it was 3.3% in the construction industry as compared to other workplaces of 1.1% as accordance to SOCSO’s report. Influenc...
Back in 1980s , no standardized productivity definition was established in construction industry. It is difficult to define a standard productivity measure because companies use their internal systems which are not standardised. Productivity can be illustrated as an association between output and an input.
... of construction projects on both human and the environment. By means of reducing resource use, regulating construction process and deriving new technique of construction, engineers can help in improving our society.
This paper explores what it takes to be a construction manager and the responsibilities of being a construction manager and the skills that a construction manager should have. It also explores what good construction managers do to have success on their construction projects and the steps that a construction manager must follow to end a project and meet their deadlines at the same
Construction industry is one of important sector for any country which contributes a lot its economical and global growth. India is not far behind in this sector. Indian construction industry is growing at a rapid rate and contributing to improve its domestic as well as global economy. An estimate amount of Rs. 6708 billion is the contribution of construction industry in Indian GDP (2011-2012). Not only it provides jobs to the people of the country but it also creates investment opportunities for many sectors.
This report is about the professional development of the construction estimators. We had discussed about the construction estimators job, what is their education? , what are their skills? , what are their responsibilities? We try to assist the professional development of the construction estimator by competing it with the cost engineer/ engineer and try to have some useful outcome.
By employing foreign workers, problems like shortage of workers can be prevented. As all of us are aware of, the image of the construction industry is poor in the eyes of local workers.
Construction is one of the most dangerous works during this era. The advanced technologies are to be utilized in the construction work but still it is not really safe work. Many of the human beings are now involved in the construction work. It is one of the most typical working fields. Most of the persons who have lack of knowledge, degree and skills join the construction teams in order to earn living. It is said that most of the workers related to the construction industry are not really well educated. This becomes that major cause of their less focus on the work. This proved sometimes very critical condition. One of the most important things in this regard is that workers sometimes not really work with taking great care.