Product Layouts and Group Technologies
In today’s world of operations management, layouts of manufacturing processes play a key role in achieving and maintaining long term goals. These layouts need to be well thought out and carefully planned for they can effect the cost or producing goods and delivering services for many years into the future. Layouts are dependent on the technology utilized and product type manufactured. There are four typical layouts: process layout, product layout, fixed position layout and combination layout.
A combination layout is a layout that shares properties of two or more layouts. Such as a group technology layout that shares characteristics of a process layout and a product layout. They’re similar in that the cells are designed to perform a specific set of processes, and it is similar to product layout in that the cells are dedicated to a limited range of products.
Each layout usually involves compromise and balancing of the process variables and it’s always debatable whether the perfect layout actually exists. “The purpose of layout planning is: to maximize the efficiency and profitability of a manufacturing operation to allow consistency and quality in products to be produced to allow flexibility and ease of adaptation for machinery and production personnel to products as required by the market”(Anonymous 2). Some characteristics of a good layout would be minimum material movement, workstations close together, easily adjustable to changing conditions and one plant floor so that everyone can see what’s going on.
To define and explain, a product layout is a product-orientated layout that is appropriate for producing one standardized product in typically large volumes. Each unit being produced requires the same sequence of operations from beginning till end. During times when product demand is high enough and sustainable over a long period of time, it is usually cost effective to rearrange resources from a process layout to a product layout. In certain cases the equipment layouts are arranged so that the product in manufactured in a sequential and continuous arrangement. A good example would be an assembly line. Assembly lines can vary widely either they can be virtually 100 percent parts assembly by workers or by a transfer line where all the work being done is by machine.
An assembly line is ...
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...erformance. For example the decision to adopt a process layout which often groups workers according to skills may not be compatible with an operation requiring some persons of all skills to produce a variety of different products.
For process and product layouts, the design begins with a statement of the goals and facility. Preliminary layouts are then designed to meet these goals. After initial designs have been developed, improved designs are sought through numerical analysis and discussion with the users. The development of a layout should involve everyone that it is effecting. Computer based models can be used for preliminary estimations to create some preliminary layouts using CAD or similar drawing software. The layouts then can be analyzed against the goals of the facility and improvement made if necessary.
In summary while there are a lot of tools for good layout planning and each layout are dependent on the type of products and external variables impacting on the manufacturing process. A skilled layout planner working with manufacturing staff and management should work through objectives and options to determine the optimal solution for a given facility.
The operations layout is more likely to be different at Ohori and Folgers because they have different goals. Ohori is not trying to produce bulk uniform product, and Folgers is not trying to produce small
In today’s operational management arena, there are certain expectations from a managerial aspect that must be met in order to be successful. A comprehensive look at the Space Age Furniture Company will show exactly what the Materials Requirement Planning (MRP) calculations are for this company at present time and then take the information given in order to properly suggest ways to improve the sub-assemblies. In addition, there will be an analysis on the trade-offs between the overtime and inventory costs. A calculation will be made on the new MRP that will improve the base MRP. This paper will also compare and contrast the types of production processing to include the job shop, batch, repetitive, or continuous, and determine which the primary mode of operation should be and exactly why. A detailed description on how management can keep track of the job status and location during production will also be addressed. Finally, there will be a recommendation on they type of changes that need to occur that will be beneficial to the company and at the same time add value to the customer. This paper will conclude with summary of the major points.
"The Difference Between Process and Product Layout Manufacturing | Chron.com." Small Business - Chron.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2014.
According to the book, the diagram is an operation and route sheet that specifies operations and process routing for a particular part. It conveys such information as the type of equipment, tooling and operations required to complete the particular part.
One set up operator can get hold of one place at a time and during waiting time, other lose the considerable amount of production. Subsequently, they framed a goal inclined to set up the sequence of work to get the maximum output by utilizing the capacity of the plant. The third step takes into consideration the installation of planning boards. These boards, lists the standard methods for each procedure, work sequence to reflect the order in which the process runs, and standard cycle time to complete a process. Moreover, these boards not only provides the information about the workers in the process but also identify the areas of improvements of the process. Moreover, works as the chief statistics for workers since it helps them to have a better and clear understanding of the process for a flawless vision of the further scope of improvements. On the contrary in another part of the same plant, they found a number of machines seeking attention at the same time. Automation is not always automatic. It requires humanized automation (Jidoka). The machines read the signal of attention by Andon light and need an operator to check the workflow consisting of a warning by each machine. Irrespective of the machine operating
One main item that could affect design is the concept of liability. In today’s day and age, organizations are quick to lay blame on an individual instead of looking at process improvement. For example, a manufacturing organization that identifies how to improve processes to avoid/correct seeing defects would strengthen the loyalty of its workers vs. one that identifies individuals to blame. Most new design is reviewed
The studio consists of one large room where there is a live area at one end and a control ‘room’ at the other (See Appendix B) at the live end of the room the wall consists of large windows, the air conditioning in the room is a fully external system with isolated ducts. The control section of the space will be arranged so that the desk faces the live space and the monitors form an equilateral triangle with the engineer’s head so as to achieve the best listening position (See Appendix C).
Every single program will be able to create a virtual diagram and outline of the concept being implemented on the printer. Then the program divides the concept into digital ...
In past few years, companies and industries of various sizes have become aware that they need to improve business processes such as product development, order fulfilment, planning, distribution, and customer service. So everybody is now focusing on doing process improvement or redesigning.
Today, mass production still reigns supreme. Products move along an assembly line much the same way, being assembled in a formulaic manner by unskilled workers. Modern businesses have developed strategic operations in order to provide higher volumes with more customer choice, such as mass
Photolithography is often a remarkably reenter process, generating a great discrepancy inside controlling prerequisites. Improving controlling prerequisites within the photobay, for instance pertaining to semiconductor fab, brings about the greater requirement for AMHS and management. This particular newspaper, which is dedicated to the AMHS, will be done by simply conducting a simulation analysis along with a functionality analysis, including the analysis regarding supervision issues for instance dispatching rules pertaining to vehicle and device management. An effective method will be to produce a simulation-based seo design on an AMHS also to assess outcomes under different conditions. AMHS functionality will be assessed based on often a great analytic design or perhaps a simulation design. Ting and Tanchoco applied a good analytical method of acquire ideal single-spine in addition to double-spine cost trail styles in order to reduce take a trip long distance. In addition they pointed out the simpleness, trail duration, in addition to stream ranges with the spinal column structure got ideal for any more than 200 mm fab. The analytical designs, both deterministic search engine optimization designs or queuing designs, tend to be formulated depending on selected presumptions, for example the reply moment that is in addition to the go original position. Therefore, this sort of designs most likely are not relevant in
The second way is by using computer aided drafting (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM) programs on your computer.
...he organization. The output of the design group’s efforts is detailed drawing and other specifications, which assist the succeeding groups for effective usage of the raw materials into a finished product. This information is also important for the product
Architectural design today has moved from designing by hand to designing with several different software programs that have made the job much easier. Two of the main programs in many architectural firms today are AutoCAD2000 and ArchiCAD 6.5. Both are very productive design tools but each has its own defects in certain areas of the design process.
Manufacturing Execution: consistency on manufacturing throughput the cycle of production with different execution capabilities to ensure maximize production flexibility, improve execution process and increase efficiency of the plant by planning and management of inventory.