Privatization: Metropolitan Boston Transit Authority (MBTA) and the California State Compensation Insurance Fund
According to Robert B. Denhardt, Public Administration an Action Orientation, privatization "is the use of non governmental agencies to provide goods or services previously provided by government." (P.95). Privatization comes in various degrees, from the outright selling or transfer of government ownership of assets (for example public utilities), to, as is more common in the United States - the contracting of goods or services to private firms.
Contracting is not something new in government. For example the Defense Department procures new weapons systems from the private sector all the time and the Pentagon oversees contracts totaling more than $150 billion a year. From the outset, it must be made clear that privatization is an enormously complex issue for which there is no simple solution. However, it is an idea that has grown tremendously popular among politicians (and by natural extension Administrators who must carry out policy issues once policy decisions are made by the politicians) in recent years.
The idea of privatization will likely not diminish as cash starved governments from the federal to the local levels seek to reduce costs while promoting efficiency. It is this idea of reducing costs that will be the focus of this paper. We will see as the debate unfolds that when it comes to government, costs alone is not always the determining factor in the delivery of goods and services. There are many arguments that cost reduction does not necessarily improve efficiency nor does it guarantee equal delivery in the delivery of goods and services (equality being a fundamental constitutional value). Fin...
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...bility of Public-Private Competition As A Long - Term Service Delivery Strategy." Public Productivity & Management Review 19, Number 1 (September 1995): 12-24.
Newslibrary.krmediastream.com/cgi-bin/doc../nl_auth?DBLIST=1b96&DOCNUM=1392
Cohen, Steven, Eimicke, William The New Effective Public Manager - Achieving Success in a Changing Government. 2nd ed. Jossey-Bass San Francisco 1995.
Wallin, Bruce A., "The Need for a Privatization Process: Lessons from Development and Implementation. Public Administration Review 57 Number 1 (January/February 1997): 11-20. http://fpac.fsu.edu/parbaby/pdf/1997/janfeb/wallin.pdf
Dilger, Robert J., Moffett, Randolph R., Struyk, Linda, "Privatization of Municipal Services in America's Largest Cities" Public Administration Review 57 Number 1 (January/February 1997): 21-26. http://fpac.fsu.edu/parbaby/pdf/1997/janfeb/dilger.pdf
Municipal control or an alternative delivery method? This is the question that has intrigued all levels of local government and created intense debates between taxpayers across municipalities. The services that municipalities provide are often vital to the existence of a local area. The issues of accountability, cost savings, quality of service and democracy often arise when choosing the best options to deliver services to a municipal area. In recent years the concepts of privatization, alternative service delivery and public-private partnerships are often promoted as ways cut down on overburdened annual city budgets and promote a higher quality of service to citizens. Municipalities have historically always provided basic services such as fire protection, water purification/treatment and recreational facilities. However, would private companies or another municipality be able to better deliver the same services more efficiently or at a lower cost? The city or town often provides a political grass roots approach to most local problems. Municipalities are better positioned and have a wider scope to provide services to their constituents in order to ensure quality of service that does not erode accountability and transparency, or drive the municipality deeper into debt.
...f one defies the natural law and strives to recover the loss, he or she is already on the road to a tragic end. More ironically, the efforts draw the character farther from what they wanted; the rape made Blanche even less credulous, the funeral made Willy even less respected, the request made Gatsby less favorable by Daisy. All three modernist pieces presented false beliefs about life and showed the consequences of obeying those believe. The consequences revealed a bloody truth – the loss of the hope cannot be recovered. What is lost is already the past; only the future can be earned by the hard work done in the present.
The author states that the goal of his book is three-fold. The primary two are; that it would be a time-saver for instructors who have difficulty dealing with the common writing problems of their students, and that it would help to alleviate students anxiety about writing by clarifying points that many instructors presume their pupils all know. He does this by setting down guidelines for approaching writing, doing pertinent research, and conveying it, along with analysis, in the medium of stylistic film essays. He provides an abundance of examples of structures, styles, and terms used in this area of writ. The guidelines I found to be extremely useful, for they pertain not just to writing about film, but to any sort of analytical writing. They helped me realize the qualities that my own writing lacks, and I must come to master if I am to articulately present my own subjective experience on paper.
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), drivers age 70 years and older account for approximately 9 percent of the United States population. However, these older drivers, who drive fa...
...an make roads more safe for everyone. Ann Dellinger, Ph.D., agrees that, “It will end up that we will all play a part in maximizing mobility in the community” (qtd. in Teenagers and Older). When it becomes apparent that things have become unsafe, it is better to take the keys from our loved ones rather than them lose their lives. Even worse, they could cause the deaths of other drivers, passengers, or pedestrians.
Stiglitz, Joseph. Economics of the Public Sector, 3rd edition. New York: Norton & Co., 2000.Print
Indeed economic rationalism tends to privatization of public utilities, like electricity, gas, airports, railways, telecommunications. Many other government bodies have been corporatized or required to operate on a pay-for-service basis. Privatization is not only an end in itself but also serves an educational function by transforming public attitudes toward ownership and economic responsibility. The result will be an increase in net economic welfare: the economy will become more dynamic and scarce resources will be allocated more efficiently. In capitalist theoretic, the profit motive is said to ensure that resources are being allocated
In this article, Jones discusses the marginalization of motion pictures, yet touches on the great aspects of film, and how these aspects can expect to survive in the future. Major topics that Jones addresses are: developments in video narrative through flawless storytelling, the use of digital tools for film restoration and preservation, and an audience shift from film to digital. These points detail the love and appreciation that goes into filmmaking, and how the narratives, despite having changed formats throughout the years, have been able to survive and appear to be timeless. Jones also further discusses the idea of using audiovisual material to create narratives appealing. He details how the stylistic approach of a film, and the techniques like cinematography and editing, can enhance and provide for a greater narrative. In summary, the sum of the parts of a film are what make the entire experience, which not only makes for a great film, but for a lasting story as
“If you can write it and you can say it, you can do it.” In a single sentence Professor Eric Claville succeeded in attracting me to the study of public administration. Sitting in Introduction to Public Policy class, I was instantly fascinated by the idea that through effective communication I could improve policies and programs to better serve the public. Professor Claville’s lessons enabled me to think analytically as I developed a scholarly policy brief entitled “Enforcing a State-wide Texting While Driving Law in Arizona”. Soon, I was faced with the notion that public administration was not only an agent for change, but a tool to fulfill my passion. It is a possible pathway to take on a leadership role that would make a difference for disadvantaged groups.
...r pillars of public administration are equally important in the process of public administration and complement one another in the provision of quality public service. When public administrators have economy in mind they focus on the best combination of available resources to provide optimum public service. To ensure that public service is not limited to only a section of the public, the issue of equity is taken into consideration so that public interest is realized. Efficiency and effectiveness additionally go hand in hand in ensuring that allocated resources are used in the best possible manner to attain set goals. Thus whereas the first three public administration pillars – Economy, efficiency and effectiveness are concerned with how public service is provided the fourth and most recent addition (Equity) concerns with for whom public service is provided.
This essay discusses the radical transformation of the principles and foundations of public administration from traditional to New Public Management. Firstly the essay will attempt to define the key terms of traditional public administration and the doctrine of New Public Management. Rabin J. (2003) explains that New Public Management embodies “a process in public administration that uses information and experiences obtained in business management and other disciplines to improve efficiency, usefulness and general operation of public services in contemporary bureaucracies.“Traditional Public Administration progresses from governmental contributions, with services perceived by the bureaucracy.
The primary purposes of the governmental budget are to legitimize public expenditures and to account for and control the usage of public resources. As budgets evolve, officials find that the annual budget should be used for planning, coordinating, and scheduling programs. Demands on municipalities force them to engage in establishing priorities and monitoring how well the priorities are achieved. It is no longer possible for a municipal government to do everything for everyone. A municipal government must prioritize the services that are mandatory, urgent, and that are done well. Resources must be aligned with strategies and citizen’s needs by allocating them over some time frame; usually twelve months – a fiscal year.
Public Managers are uniquely positioned to positively affect policy process due to their tenure, job security, absence of political pressure and expanded role in the society. The
Jay M. Shafritz, E.W. Russell, Christopher P. Borick. "Introducing Public Administration" Pearson. 7th Edition, 2011.
According to Villanueva (2013 internet source)Public administration involves government officials or public officials that apply particular policy and approaches inside a specific sphere or level of government, normally in the local level of government. Public administrators must ensure and promise that all facets of a particular policy or approach in a state are fulfilled and applied in the correct way.