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genocide research paper
genocide research paper
impacts of Genocide
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The word genocide was derived from the Greek root genos (people) and the Latin root cide (killing), and did not exist in the English language until 1944, which was the end of World War II (Power). According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, genocide is “the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group.” Such violence occurred during the Holocaust and during the separation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The problems of ethnic cleansing and repression have become so prevalent in the last century that they have contributed to two world wars, over fourteen million deaths, and a new word. United Nations Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon, said, “Far from being consigned to history, genocide and its ilk remain a serious threat. Not just vigilance but a willingness to act are as important today as ever.” Genocide is a pressing issue with a multitude of questions and debates surrounding it. It is the opinion of many people that the United Nations should not get involved with or try to stop ongoing …show more content…
Preventing genocide would save millions of lives, billions of tax dollars, and it would fulfill the responsibility of the UN. This responsibility should be taken seriously because it is necessary to defend the rights of the innocent victims. It is also important to intervene in acts of human rights that could lead to genocide, so crime does not spread out of the feuding country. Peace is one of the UN’s highest priorities (Charter of the United Nations). No one should have to live in oppression or be persecuted for their race or religion. Ethnic crimes can cause wars and genocide. Never forget genocide is dangerous, not only to individual ethnicities, but also to the world. Culture may change with geography, and there may be hundreds of ethnic groups in the world, but they are all people, and all people share the rights to freedom. Stand with the UN and support the prevention of
Genocide: The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular group or nationality. When people think of this forbidding word, their mind immediately flashes to images of concentration camps and Adolf Hitler’s army raising their arms, saluting to swastikas used during the Holocaust in WWII. But what people don’t realize is that genocide is not such a rarity. Thousands, even millions of civilians die each time genocide strikes. Genocides have been committed since the beginning of humanity, but three massacres since Hitler’s reign left the world shocked again at its own cruelty.
“Darfur Genocide.” World Without Genocide. William Mitchell School of Law, n.d. Web. 16 April 2014. .
Genocide is according the united nations, any of the following actions committed with intent to destroy a national, ethnic, racial or religious group: Killing members of the group; Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group, or forcibly transferring children of the group to another group. Most people who hear the word are confused at first because it isn’t a very common term. According to endgenocide.org, a Polish-Jewish lawyer named Raphael Lemkin sought to create a new term to describe Nazi policies of the systematic murder of Jewish people in 1944 he succeeded. His new word, genocide, is a combination of two words. Those words are the Greek word “genos” meaning race or tribe and the latin word “cide” meaning killing. The United Nations affirmed genocide as an international law in 1964, it took two more years however for them to provide an actual legal definition for the crime. They did this with the convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide. This gave people a way to understand what qualified as genocide and what was just a battle in a war or a for a lack of better words simple massacre.
- Specifically state to the reader if there was U.N. intervention, could genocide have been avoided?
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, the term genocide is considered to be the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial or cultural group (Merriam-Webster). There have been numerous occasions that have claimed the notorious title of genocide, but one of the most controversial can be found in the case of Darfur. The “Darfur Genocide”, as known by many people in the world, denotes the mass raping and killing of the women, men, and even children in the western region of Sudan. This slaughter started in 2003 and continues to play a significant role throughout the world today.
Genocide is the “deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group.” (Dictionary.com, 2010) In 1924, after World War I, Belgian colonists entered Rwanda and allowed the Tutsi dynasty to remain in power. However, after World War II concepts of right and wrong changed. Since the Belgians had been favouring the Tutsis, this change in ethics caused the Belgians to have compassion on the Hutus and promote the Hutu cause, creating tension. (Thompson, 2007) It was the Belgians who cre...
Alex Bellamy’s article explores the international engagement with Darfur and the international norm of “responsibility to protect.” This notion asserts that states have a responsibility to protect their populations from mass atrocities. If states are either unable or unwilling to do so, then the responsibility is taken up by the international community to protect the populations in danger. the article analyzes the actual reason behind the interference of the international community in the Darfur conflict in Sudan. Bellamy questions the world's engagement in the crisis of Darfur. The major discussion in the article centers on the distinction between the responsibility of the international community to protect Darfur and the tendency to play
The term genocide was first coined by the Polish legal scholar Raphael Lemkin in 1943.Lemkin had sought to give a name to the Nazi programme of systematic violence in their occupied territories, particularly the mass murder of Europe’s Jews.Lemkin was later instrumental in the creation of the United Nations’ Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide, which was approved by the U.N. General Assembly on 9 December 1948 and provided a legal definition of the term. The Genocide Convention is the first United Nations (UN) human rights treaty later strengthened by the Responsibility to protec...
Various schools of thought exist as to why genocide continues at this deplorable rate and what must be done in order to uphold our promise. There are those who believe it is inaction by the international community which allows for massacres and tragedies to occur - equating apathy or neutrality with complicity to evil. Although other nations may play a part in the solution to genocide, the absolute reliance on others is part of the problem. No one nation or group of nations can be given such a respo...
Harff, Barbara. Genocide and Human Rights: International Legal and Political Issues. Denver: University of Denver, 1984.
Whereby they could exercise humanitarian intervention as an example of a justified war – thus; the right to protect was born. The right to protect is a Canadian invention – it is simply and elaboration on previous arguments for humanitarian intervention and just war, and furthermore stipulates the utmost importance for countries to protect their own populations (Lang, 2010: 303). Noam Chomsky, however interprets this from a much more critical standpoint by looking at the practise of humanitarian intervention as it has been rationalised by the United Nations. The responsibility to protect has been largely criticised in the context of world politics.
“The problem is, once you start talking it’s very difficult to stop. It’s almost impossible to stop” (Kidder,160). If the world commenced the discussion about the worlds’ genocides and we made our stances clear on them, just maybe would have a better system to deal with them before the mass killings gets too far. Genocides encompass many different effects in the afflicted country and later throughout the world by creating refugee camps, the need for world aid, and disasters in the country afterwards.
[5] Determining the logistics of a military intervention as well as mustering public support should go hand in hand for policymakers, as a feasible invention holds public appeal and public appeal increases the feasibility of intervention. Firstly, the U.S. should be able to logistically prevent the genocide. Examples of logistical obstacles include obtaining sufficient intelligence to guide where troops are sent and well as the internal partner’s approval of force size. One logistical factor that should not, on principle, be a factor is money. No one should die simply because policymakers a world away decided that a life was not worth paying for the airplane it took to save it. Secondly, domestic public support is key to the success of any
The complex issue of humanitarian intervention is widely argued and inherently controversial. Humanitarian intervention involves the coercive action of states intervening in areas for the sole purpose of preventing or halting the killing or suffering of the people there. (1, 9, 5) It is an issue argued fervently amongst restrictionists and counter-restrictionists, who debate over whether humanitarian intervention is a breach of international law or a moral requirement. (10) Restrictionists argue that Articles 2 (7) and 2 (4) of the United Nations (UN) Charter render forcible humanitarian intervention illegal. The only legitimate exception to this, they claim, is the right to self defence, as enshrined in Article 51 of the UN Charter. (1-472) This position is contested by counter-restrictionists, who insist that any and all nations have the right, and the responsibility, to prevent humanitarian disasters. (8-5) Despite the declaration of a ‘new world order’, the post-Cold war world has not been a more peaceful one: regional and ethnic conflicts have, in fact, proliferated. Between 1989 and 1993, for example, thirteen new peacekeeping operations were launched by th...
Although, within the U.N. Charter of 1945, Article 2(4) prohibits the use of force against ‘the territorial integrity or political independence of any state’ (U.N. Charter, art.2 para.4), it has been suggested by counter-restrictionist international lawyers, that humanitarian intervention does not fall under these criteria, making it legally justifiable under the U.N. Charter (e.g. Damrosch 1991:219 in Baylis and Smith 2001: 481). However, this viewpoint lacks credibility, as it is far from the general international consensus, and unlikely the initial intentions of the draftsmen of the charter. In more recent times, one can examine the emerging doctrine of the ‘Responsibility to Protect’(RtoP), which was adopted unanimously by the UN in 2005, as a far more persuasive example of modern legitimacy of humanitarian intervention. While not consolidated within international law, RtoP, which promotes humanitarian intervention where sovereign states fail in their own responsibility to protect their citizens, does use legal language and functions as a comprehensive international framework to prevent human rights