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Gender roles in certain societies
Gender roles in certain societies
Gender roles in certain societies
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Power Distance refers to extent to which the unequal distribution on power is accepted by the members in the society. Power distance is the dimension that acknowledges the fact that all persons in the society are not equal. On the Power Distance Index (PDI), India ranks a higher 77 in this dimension compared to that of Japan which is 54. In the Indian culture this is rather an accepted norm by the people mostly due to the traditional caste system that is still prevalent despite it abolishment in the nation which has fixed a strict hierarchy on all levels of the society. Most decisions are made by the senior staff although the junior staff maybe consulted. However with Japan, where the PDI is mid ranking means that the employee is more likely …show more content…
The ambiguity of situations brings with it anxiety and people in different cultures feel threatened by unknown situations that could be related to traditions and beliefs of the culture. India scores a 40 on this dimension which is a medium low compared to that of Japan which stands at a rating of 92, making it one of the highest Uncertainty Avoidance countries in the world. In the Japanese culture, a majority of their culture is taken very seriously and done on occasions. Change is a concept that is questioned and not highly accepted in the Japanese culture. Whereas in the Indian culture imperfection is something that is accepted. The concept that nothing is ever perfect and might go as expected is more tolerant in the high in the nation. Rules are mainly maintained for a namesake where inventive solutions are created to bypass those very rules. This is the country's most empowering aspect as well as the reason for its …show more content…
India scores a 56 on the PDI, therefore making it a masculine society. Advertising ones success, power and wealth is widely practiced across the country. This can be because India being a country which practiced in the caste system in the ancient periods which always maintained a huge boundary between the 'have's' and the 'have not's'. However the nation being very spiritual, its culture gives lessons on the value of humility and abstinence. Japan on the other hand, is the second highest ranking nation with regard to masculinity with a score of 95. In the Japanese society men are considered superior to women where the men work while the women stay homes as a housewife. Males are taught to be strong and encouraged to assert control and dominance over children and women. This is something that is fostered from a young age in boys in the Japanese
Uncertainty avoidance is the next cultural value to be considered. Joe’s owe culture, Sub-Saharan Africa, tends to be somewhere between low and high uncertainty avoidance. Low uncertainty avoidance being more comfortable with the uncertainty of outcomes and high uncertainty avoidance seeking to know the results from the onset of a course of action. Joe, personally, leans toward high uncertainty
Japanese society has many beliefs and rituals and women are always secluded from many aspects of ritual life. Women are also forbidden to enter in sacred places although these prohibitions are vanishing. The modern society has defined all social roles in terms of hierarchy such as domination of men over women it is common virtually in all setting that women be subordinated to male as household heads (Countries and their Culture 2014:14). Despite the legal changes on the principle of family structure regarding education and labor equity, there ...
his Essay will analyse, introduce, and discuss the terms Hegemonic Masculinity and Emphasized femininity, if it still applies in modern times and the use of these concepts to comprehend the role of the man and female in Eastern Asia, in relation to post-war Japan. In order to present a clear and linear argument I will divide this essay into three parts: In the first part I will define the term hegemonic masculinity, the common traits and the influence that it has in society; the essay will continue then in explaining and outlining the term emphasized femininity. The second part will analyse the impact of the notions of hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity in relation to post war Japan has. The last part will briefly identify some
Uncertainty avoidance describes cultural behavior which depends on a set of rules to determine or guide cultural behavior. Within this group, individuals within this culture feel ”threatened by uncertainty and ambiguity and try to avoid these situations (Hofstede, 1991: 113).”
The gender roles in traditional Asian communities encouraged male dominance thus the high level of gender inequality in these communities. In many societies, gender is not only a source of identity but also a factor that determines what role an individual is supposed to play in the society. The Asian societies have among the communities that can be used in the illustration of the extent to which the roles of people of different genders can be different. It is understood that the roles that were traditionally meant for different genders were different in various ways. Masculinity is an important component in the social construction of gender relations (Brod, 1987; Kimmel, 1987; Kimmel & Messner, 1995). Asian American men use masculinity as means
In the website provided I do not found the name of my country in the in the section available to select country, even if I can’t provide any data from the website, I will try to speak about the 6 traits (power distance, Individualism, Masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, Long term orientation, indulgence) considered to analyze the countries culture.
Recently the concerns of women around their equality in society has become a hotly debated topic in the public spot light. Much of the debate concerns women and the ingrained sexism that permeates most cultures. Many women's activists feel that this ingrained sexism has widened the gap between men and women in a political, social, and economic sense. And for the most part they do have strong evidence to support these claims. Women have suffered through millennia of male dominated societies where treatment of women has been, and in some cases still is, inhuman. Women are treated like subhuman creatures that have only exist to be used for procreate and to be subjugated by men for household use. It has only been very recently that women have become recognized as equals in the eyes of men. Equals in the sense that they have the same political and social rights as males. While the situation has improved, women still have to deal with a male oriented world. Often women in the workplace are thought of as inferior and as a liability. This can be due to concerns about maternity leave, or women with poor leadership skills. But also in part it is due because of the patriarchy that controls all aspects and dynamics of the culture, family, politics, and economy. Even developed countries like The United Kingdom, United States, Germany, and France, could be classified as a patriarchies. These countries may not agree with this notion because of expansive, but not complete changes, that have gradually equalized women in society. However, there are developed countries that openly express a patriarchy and have enacted little societal changes to bring equality to women. Japan is one such country, and t...
Gender roles have been a predominant factor in our world since the early emergence of human societies whether they are positive or negative. They are based on expectations that societies have over the people in them. The Epic of Sunjata, shows us how men and women are treated almost equally in different forms. Women are praised for their ability to birth leaders, which is similar to the early Greek Society. In most societies, women are treated less equal than men. This was prevalent in the early Indian society. No matter the gender role, it has been shown that any society cannot survive without both men and women.
Throughout the course of this paper, I have discussed Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions where I broke down these dimensions. Additionally, I have stated how India tends to appreciate the hierarchical relationship structure, is a collectivist country and leans towards being a more masculine society. Additionally, India tends to possess a medium to low preference towards uncertainty avoidance and leans towards being a future oriented society. Having lived in the United States for almost a decade I think I have become more “Americanized”. India is a great country and I’ll always visit it in the future, but from the way things are going I am going to permanently settle down in New York where I would like to start my career and family.
The cause of this is the way that gender roles are now being protrayed in their country. For Japanese woman, they are currently not being displayed as the...
The power distance in Singapore is 74 where in Canada it is 39, power distance shows the equality of people in society or culture and the distribution of power (Hofstede Centre, 2016). In Singapore, the distribution of power is not equal everyone is not treated same but in Canada the power is mostly distributed equally. Another metrics in the model is individualism vs collectivism, from the graph above we can see the Singapore is more in collectivism whereas Canada is more in individualism (Hofstede Centre, 2016). Uncertainty avoidance affects a human behavior or a culture in large hugely. In uncertainty avoidance Singapore’s score is 8. In Singapore people abide too many rules not because they have need for structure but because of high Power distance (Hofstede Centre, 2016).
The members of this society are portrayed to attempt to cope with anxiety by minimizing uncertainty. People in cultures with high uncertainty avoidance tend to be more emotional as they try to minimize the occurrence of unknown and unusual circumstances by implementing rules and planning. However, in low uncertainty avoidance cultures, individuals accept and feel comfortable in unstructured situations. They are more pragmatic and tolerant of change. In a high uncertainty avoidance society, the employees are restricted under rules and regulations and a structured working environment. However, in low uncertainty avoidance, the employees accept uncertainty and adapt more quickly to abrupt changes. They will be more able to make wise decisions and improve efficiency of
We as humans have developed a form of society in which everyone has a purpose and a job they must do. In some circumstances, we are unhappy with the path we have chosen or are given. We all wish to make a change, yet we never seem to stand up to our leaders and change this; we follow the cultural norms even if we don’t like or understand them. The basis of this idea is out of fear of the unknown. People tend to be afraid of that which they have not experienced; an oxymoronic device negating our obligation to discover and innovate.
Sledge, Miles, and Coppage (2008) explain uncertainty avoidance as “the degree of risk aversion” (1670). In a country with high uncertainty avoidance there may be more policies and procedures in place. In a culture with low uncertainty avoidance companies could empower employees to develop new ideas.
Gender inequality has always been connected with patriarchal societies. Since early city-states emerged, males have been the dominant sex of different cultures. Even near the beginning of the 20th Century, gender inequality was a large part of the modern world. A common characteristic of a patriarchal culture is the oppression of women and the common belief was that a woman belonged at home as a wife and mother, and a man belonged in the public sphere. Patriarchy is an example of stratified society, a society that has significant differences in the distribution of goods, services, rights and power. It is based on gender stratification (the unequal