Insight into a countries population characteristics are an integral component into understanding the social and economic progression of a nation. There are several population elements in particular that offer a more in depth understanding of a countries demographic outlook; such as age and sex demographics, fertility and mortality rates, and annual population growth. There are several other demographic factors of which aren’t discussed that provide furthered intensive understandings into the demographic topic that link into the mentioned population subjects, such as immigration and emigration. In addition, the understanding of such features creates the basis for informed future political decision making, policy development, and planning processes …show more content…
There are three categories of population pyramids; expanding, stable, and contracting. A comparative observation of the 1990 population pyramid for the selected developed countries show a somewhat contractive demographic environment for both male and females. With all countries showing a considerable tapering off after the age bracket of 40 – 44 and relatively average life expectancy levels there on after. They also display signs of a steady decrease in birth rates as the person’s age in the 0 through to 14 age brackets sustain a similar level of people; with the United States being a slight exception as there are signs of an increasing birth rate in the 0 – 4 age column. The 1990 population pyramids for the selected developing countries display an expanding population trend. What this demonstrates is that these nations had a predominately younger population with high birth rates with low life expectancy levels as the population numbers severely taper off from birth. A notable observation of the population pyramids for both developed and developing European countries, and to an extent Australia and the United States of America, is the impact of World War I from the age of 70 onwards. The result has left a significant dent in the male populations and the feminisation of the 70-74 age bracket and onwards as a consequence …show more content…
Total fertility Rates (TFR) are defined as the estimated number of children born to a single women throughout their fertile life time; data is usually based between the ages of 15 to 50. Within the 25 year timeframe the developed nations display a constant number of children born to a single woman. The data displays that all three developed nations have a TFR of around 2. This can be used to describe why the three developed nations show a relatively consistent population pyramid base in 2015. The selected developing nations are seen to have comparatively higher TFR’s in 1991. However, all three nations have displayed a steady decline in TFR’s, with the two of the three nations (Brazil and Turkey) showing a reduction to around two child per women from 1991 to 2015. This places their TFR’s at first world standards and explains the 2015 population pyramid trends of a declining child population. Of particular concern however is Nigeria, as the 1990 data shows that within a Nigerian woman’s lifetime she is projected to produce 6 to 7 children; 2015 data reveals a drop to around 5. These confounding statistics explain the constantly expanding population pyramid figures, as well as why the Nigerian population displayed the most rapid rise in population out of the other countries from 1990 to 2015. This TFR analyses
Disregarding the population number of the Belgium and Canada, their population pyramids are similar. In both countries and genders, the majority of the population are aged 50 - 54, with a lower percentage of younger people. This constrictive population pyramid shows that Canada and Belgium have declining birth rates.
Countries all across the world experience population growths, and population declines. Governments have had all sorts of different regulations and incentives to hinder or promote population growth. Some governments, like America, have blocked out certain groups, for example the Chinese (Oriental Exclusion Acts), from immigrating. On the contrary, the American government in the 1940’s started the Bracero Program to bring Mexican’s into the United States as contracted laborers. There are many examples of control over immigration from the government, and the differences between the 20th and 21st centuries are complex and interesting.
...e can understand the reason why the change of population structure has an effect on the society’s economic condition. The changes in age structure in Indonesia shows the significant increase in the productive age which leads to the increase of the labor force, and also shows the increase in women participation in labor force. The life expectancy can be used for evaluating the government performance (family planning program) in improving family resilience and institutionalizing quality of small family. Lastly, the population density is an important factor to evaluate the society's quality of live.
Life expectancy in many parts of the world has increased since 1800 (Life Expectancy by Age, n.d). To understand these changes we can study the demographic transition, the changes in birth and death rates over extended periods of time. The industrial revolution has significantly improved the conditions of humans and in 20th century death rates declined but the birth rates remained unchanged. In many of today’s developed countries both rates have declined; however, in developing countries, while death rates have declined due the improvements of living conditions, the birth rates are still high which has caused a record high population growth (HAUB & GRIBBLE, 2011).
Cameroon, a low-income country with a rapidly increasing population estimated at 21,700,000 million in 2012 [1] is currently experiencing high population growth resulting from continuing high fertility during a period when mortality rates have been declining consistently. In the period 1950-1955, life expectancy for both males and females was 38.5 years [3]. In 2012, over 17.5 years have been added to life expectancy for both sexes, raising it to 56 years [3]. On the other hand, fertility rates have dropped slowly since the last 50 years. In 1965, the total fertility rate (TFR) was 6.08 live births per woman which has since decreased to a rate of 4.9 live births per woman in 2012 [3]. The higher rate of population
Population growth has always been a controversial issue for the world. Developed countries which are characterized by an aging population favor population growth, however less developed countries see population growth as bad. Population growth and control has been one of the major concerns in the developing world, however Africa’s demographic situation seems to be different from the other developing countries. The article “Africa’s population: Miracle or Malthus?” discusses whether Africa will face disaster (as in Malthus’s theory) or demographic dividend and studies the various determinants of high but slowly decreasing fertility rates in African countries. The following paper will study why Africa is an outlier in the developing world and why education is a crucial tool for reducing the African fertility rates.
In their book "The Population Explosion", Paul and Anne Ehrlich explain the problem of overpopulation could be solved with no change in the number of people, but by advencements of industrial production and changes in consumption, however difficult it might be (Avilés). According to the US Census Bureau, a total of 83 countries and territories are now thought to encounter below-replacement fertility (Eberstadt). Below-replacement fertility primarily means that the rate of people being born is less than the rate of people dying. Those places have nearly 2.7 billion people that are about 37% of the world population (Eberstadt). Global population growth is predicted to decelerate over the next generation. In fact, slightly fewer people will be born around the globe in the year 2025 than at any point over the last four decades (Eberstadt). A quantity-quality of correlation was discovered by Willis and Becker Lewis in 1973 discussing how the quantity and quality of children is related (Shah). They explained how the marginal cost of a child is higher the greater the cost is per child (Shah). On the other hand, the marginal cost of child quality is higher the more children there are. This pertains to why most poverty-stricken people who live in developed countries have much higher birth rates than higher-income people in more western countries because the impoverished parents tend to lean toward the quantity approach (Shah). Figure 2 demonstrates the quantity-quality tradeoff curve. The curve illustrates how as quantity increases past the maximum utility curve, the quality quickly decreases. This means when the people of developing countries begin to have increases in income, the quantity of children should decrease and birth rates should
The purpose of the pyramids of Ancient Egypt were for the use of tombs. As well as the symbolization of power and position. The first pyramid was built and invented by Imhotep. The first pyramid was the Step Pyramid of King Djoser in 2680 B.C.E. The first pyramid was two hundred feet high. Not only was the pyramid used as tombs, but they were to protect a pharoahs enternity. With the burial of royalty thery were usually gifted with jewels and objects needed for the afterlife, which caused tomb raiders. So to protect from tomb raider's they built the pyramids to surround the actual tomb and to use as a temple. The shape of the first pyramid were steps that went from larger rectangles to the smallest being at the top. With time the shape of
India’s rural Bottom of Pyramid (BoP) market, which consists of approximately 700 million people, presents itself as a significant business opportunity with multinational corporations as well as for small and medium manufacturers and producers. While the revenue opportunity in this market has been predicted to be at almost the same levels as that of urban markets, success in this segment has remained more or less elusive, due to the prevalence of several BoP issues
United Nations Population Division. “Replacement Migration: Is It a Solution to Declining and Ageing Populations?” United Nation. 20 Mar. 2000. Web. 6 Jun. 2010.
China, Japan and Korea have lots of similarities; such as they start economic development and growth within a short period of time, which is 1960s of Japan, Korea in1970s and China had economic reform since 1978. They have successfully controlled their population growth which population transition from high birth rate to low birth rates in a short period of time. Population aging is one of the social issues which they are facing. This essay will examine their differences and the impact or significant toward their neighbouring countries.
Hence, to achieve a demographic transition, countries must focus on lowering fertility. This can be achieved by providing men and women with adequate information and services about family planning. Many women in developing countries wants to avoid becoming pregnant but do not use modern family planning method. This leads to almost 80 percent unwanted pregnancies. When women can themselves choose when and how often to become pregnant, they tend to have fewer children and are able to achieve the desired family size. A country’s population age structure can begin to change, setting the stage for demographic
Human population growth tends to occur in developing countries, where education is poor, particularly among the women who do not want to have fewer children, and the economy is poor. These developing countries are rich with history and the women have ideologies and pressures from the surrounding communities to bear many children. Religion is also heavily practised by the nations, and in some of these religions multiple children is desired. A male may also have the right to marry several women, all of whom he has multiple children with.
An increase in human population can influence our economy. Some of the factors that are affected are unemployment, poverty and the restriction of economic expansion. When the population increases, the cost of health, education, and other areas of urban growth are affected. Unempl...
The developing world faces unprecedented amounts of pressure on issues such as economic development, poverty, inadequate sanitation and today more than ever, population crises. According to the Eager’s theory of demographic transition, there are three fundamental stages in development. Stage one has high death rates and high fertility rates. Stage two comprises of a decrease in death rates due to better medical treatment and continued high fertility rates (this means high population growth rates). Stage three is in the long-run and consists of a decrease in fertility rates which are accompanied by industrialization. Most developing countries are in the second stage. This has magnificently increased an insurmountable amount of pressure on governments, especially in the provision of education, health care and food security, and the government’s ability to raise standards of living.