Platon le Professeur: Une Interprétation Pédagogique du Théétète de Platon
ABSTRACT: The author argues that the true unity of the Theaetetus is to be found in its purpose as an example of philosophical teaching to the students of the academy.
Le lecteur du Théétète peut difficelement éviter de se poser des questions sur son caractère général, sur sa fonction, son intention et sur sa place au sein de l'activité philosophique de Platon pendant la période à laquelle il appartient; ces questions sont liéés à une autre, celle de l'unité de l'oeuvre.
I. Commençons par cette dernière: dans quelle mesure peut-on dire que le Théétète jouit d'une certaine "unité"?
Selon le dialogue lui-même la question: qu'est-ce que le savoir? reçoit successivement trois réponses et toutes les trois sont rejetées, à la suite de quoi Socrate rappelle le thème de la maîeutique qu'on a rencontré au début de la discussion. Il y a donc apparemment deux permanances: la question de la définition du savoir et l'intention maîeutique du dialogue. Mais cette "unité" est bien extérieure. L'activité maîeutique porte évidemment sur les trois définitions successives du savoir. Or, il y a lieu de douter de l'existence d'un lien véritable entre les trois, en particulier entre la première et la seconde. D'autre part, on peut montrer que le sens d'epistêmê change d'une partie à l'autre du dialogue, et l'on ne voit pas très clairement si la discussion porte sur l'epistêmê (le savoir) ou sur l'epistasthai (savoir) ou encore sur la pensée (ce qui est le cas effectivement dans la plus grande partie du dialogue). L'unité du sujet peut être donc sérieusement mise en doute.
Même la permanence des interlocuteurs n'est pas aussi évidente qu'il paraît. En effet, il ...
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...l'ignorance, c'est l'opinion fausse (comme dit le dialogue d'ailleurs à un certain moment); nous pouvons penser aussi à Isocrate. Les traductions seront celles de Diès.
(2) La discussion sur l'erreur a, aux yeux de Socrate lui-même, la valeur d'une digression: il reconnaît en effet (200 c-d) son tort d'avoir entrepris cette discussion avant d'arriver à une définition de la science, ce qui est une volte-face (de toute évidence feinte) pouvant avoir comme signification que toute cette discussion est, par rapport au sujet du dialogue, une parenthèse qui pouvait être évitée; cf. encore 187 d où Socrate hésite à soulever ce problème.
(3) Le sens "pensée", pour doxa, est cependant dominant dans la digression sur l'erreur (187 d-200 b).
(4) Rappelons que la solution du Sophiste ne passe pas par la définition de la science.
(5) Cité par Diès, Notice, p. 141.
in this paper, I will dispute the ancient analization of the facts that show a
...esent-day philosophers, we are part of a long historical path that started with Greek primal establishment, and is set to continue with future generations until the final establishment is realized. The concept of reductionism also tries to bring different things, different parts, together to form one whole, unified form. We can trace the origins of modern scientific trends back to Greek primal establishment. From the simplistic Socratic approach of ‘Who am I?’, philosophical self-reflection builds on thoughts and concepts of the likes of Galileo and Socrates until it reaches present thinking.
In the field of philosophy there can be numerous answers to a general question, depending on a particular philosopher's views on the subject. Often times an answer is left undetermined. In the broad sense of the word and also stated in the dictionary philosophy can be described as the pursuit of human knowledge and human values. There are many different people with many different theories of knowledge. Two of these people, also philosophers, in which this paper will go into depth about are Descartes and Plato. Descartes' Meditations on First Philosophy and Plato's The Republic are the topics that are going to be discussed in this paper.
Thesleff, Holger. "In Search of Dialogue." Plato's Dialogues: New Studies and Interpretations. Ed. Gerald A. Press. Lanham: Rowan and Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 1993: 259-266.
In order to answer these questions, this paper will include an analysis of Plato’s theories as well as their influences on early Christianity. It will demonstrate to the reader that Plato’s theories are, in fact, still in use in Christian Theology and conclude with an evaluation of this assessment.
Plato’s Theaetetus is one of the most read and interpreted texts under the subject of philosophy. Within the dialect, many topics and questions are analyzed and brought to light. Leon Pearl is the author of Is Theaetetus Dreaming?, which discusses the positions taken on the topic of ‘dreaming’ and ‘being awake’, which is conferred about within the Theaetetus. Pearl critiques the question: “How can you determine whether at this moment we are sleeping and all our thoughts are a dream; or whether we are awake and talking to one another in the waking state” asked by Socrates within Plato’s Theaetetus (Pearl, p.108). Pearl first analyzes the question from the skeptic’s point of view and then proceeds to falsify the skeptic’s argument by his own interpretation, stating that “if a man is awake and believe that he is awake, then this constitutes a sufficient condition for his knowing the he is awake” (Pearl, p.108). Within Pearl’s argument, the conclusion at the end of section II becomes questionable when considering that knowledge and true belief have no distinction in the ‘awake state’ of mind.
Medicaid is a broken system that is largely failing to serve its beneficiary’s needs. Despite its chronic failures to deliver quality health care, Medicaid is seemingly running up a gigantic tab for tax payers (Frogue, 2003). Medicaid’s budget woes are secondary to its insignificant structure, leaving its beneficiaries with limited choices, when arranging for their own health care. Instead, regulations are set in order to drive costs down; instead of allowing Medicaid beneficiaries free rein to choose whom they will seek care from (Frogue, 2003)
The legalization of assisted suicide has been a controversial topic that has created a divide within the medical community, as well as the general public, for many years. Assisted suicide occurs when a patient decides to take their own life, with help from their doctor. The doctor can end the patient’s life without causing any additional pain or suffering. While some believe that assisted suicide should be legal for patients who are suffering from a terminal and painful condition, others argue that it is unethical and going against the doctor’s oath to help and not harm their patients. As the average life expectancy age increases, people are living longer while also having to live with more serious illnesses. As a result, lives are ending with a great amount of suffering and pain, rather then dying peacefully. Since death is ultimately inevitable, I will therefore argue in favor of the proposition that assisted suicide should be legal for those capable of making a rationale end of life decision.
“Medicare and the New Health Care Law — What it Means for You.” (2010). Medicare Publications, http://www.medicare.gov/Publications/Pubs/pdf/11467.pdf
The right to assisted suicide is a significant topic that concerns people all over the United States. The debates go back and forth about whether a dying patient has the right to die with the assistance of a physician. Some are against it because of religious and moral reasons. Others are for it because of their compassion and respect for the dying. Physicians are also divided on the issue. They differ where they place the line that separates relief from dying--and killing. For many the main concern with assisted suicide lies with the competence of the terminally ill. Many terminally ill patients who are in the final stages of their lives have requested doctors to aid them in exercising active euthanasia. It is sad to realize that these people are in great agony and that to them the only hope of bringing that agony to a halt is through assisted suicide.When people see the word euthanasia, they see the meaning of the word in two different lights. Euthanasia for some carries a negative connotation; it is the same as murder. For others, however, euthanasia is the act of putting someone to death painlessly, or allowing a person suffering from an incurable and painful disease or condition to die by withholding extreme medical measures. But after studying both sides of the issue, a compassionate individual must conclude that competent terminal patients should be given the right to assisted suicide in order to end their suffering, reduce the damaging financial effects of hospital care on their families, and preserve the individual right of people to determine their own fate.
ABSTRACT: ‘Paideia’ connotes the handing down and preservation of tradition and culture, even civilization, through education. Plato’s education of philosophers in the Academy is inimical to such an essentially conservative notion. His dialectical method is inherently dynamic and open-ended: not only are such conclusions as are reached in the dialogues subject to further criticism, so are the assumptions on which those conclusions are based. In these and other ways explored in this paper, Plato demonstrates that paideia has no harbor within philosophy.
Without pretending to exhaust with too many references, it would be rather useful to focus on the most criticized part of the philosopher’s attempt, which is also the very starting point of his masterpiece, identified as eudaimonia (happiness, well being) and ergon (function), in Aristotelian terms.
...market for supersonic flight will be there when the first supersonic commercial airplane makes it’s reappearance. Often times, past failed experiments are all scientists have to go on—which is why it is so important for society (not just scientists) to learn from the mistakes of the past and to improve upon them—making each product better and more improved than the last. Although they may not be ready as soon as the experts think, supersonic airplanes will inevitably return to market, just as soon as science is able to make the planes quieter, more environmentally friendly, and more fuel-efficient. Overall, super sonic flight started in 1969 with the Concorde, and it didn’t stop there, thanks to this first supersonic commercial airliner, aviation can now continue to improve in the right direction—until super sonic flight is once again ready to return to the market.
les SVT (Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre). Enfin, la section ES peut
Euthanasia and assisted suicide is a rising controversial problem in the world. Many people are against the idea of helping someone 'kill themselves'. This is a problem because many people who have had fatal incidents and are left with chronic conditions live everyday in pain, mental suffering, and emotional suffering. Euthanasia and assited sucide is to help someone who no longer wants to live, pass on. A poll taken by CBS News asked respondents if they thought "a doctor should be allowed to assist the person in taking their own life" who "has a disease that will ultimately destroy their mind or body and they want to take their own life." About 56 percent of Americans said yes and 37 percent said no. This close tie of public opinion has been continuous throughout many years, but euthanasia and assisted sucide has not been legalized in the United States.