Plant Growth: Nutriet Use Efficiency

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Nutrient Use Efficiency (NUE)

Plants acquire mineral nutrients primarily from the soil in the form of inorganic ions. These minerals are cycled in all organisms and firstly enter in the biosphere by means of plant root system, while doing so plant act as the miners of Earth’s crust (Epstein, 1999). Large surface area of plant root system and their ability to absorb nutrients even those that are present at low concentration in soil solution makes process of mineral absorption very effective. Increase in agricultural yield depends upon availability of nutrients applied through fertilization and yield of most crops has been reported to increase linearly with the amount of absorb nutrients (Loomis and Conner, 1992).
Almost all elements mentioned in periodic table are present in soil solution. Only certain elements have been regarded as essential from point of view of plant growth. An element is said to be essential if a plant can not complete its life cycle in the absence of particular element (Arnon and Stout, 1939) or an element is regarded essential if it has clear physiological role (Epstein, 1999). Essential elements are constituents of major bio-molecules in plants including protein, chlorophyll, and nucleic acid and are necessary for the processes like energy transfer, maintenance of internal pressure of cell and for proper function of enzymes.
World population in increasing rapidly and is expected to reach up to 8.5 billion by 2025. Such increase in population will enhance pressure on natural resources like land water and air. In order to meet the growing demands of population for food, use of primary mineral fertilizers (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium) has also increased steadily in agriculture sector around the globe. ...

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...N., M. H. Barrett, K. M. Hiscock, P.P. Dennis, N. A. Feast and D. N. Lerner. 1996. Use of nitrogen isotopes to identify nitrogen contamination of the sherwood sandstone aquifer beneath the city of nottingham, uk. Hydrogeology Journal, vol. 4, pp. 90-102.
Roberts, T.L. 2008. Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency. Turk J Agric For 32 (2008) 177-182.
Savci, S. 2012. An Agricultural Pollutant: Chemical Fertilizer. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, Vol. 3, No. 1
Sonmez, I., M. Kaplan and S. Sonmez. 2007. An investigation of seasonal changes in nitrate contents of soils and irrigation waters in greenhouses located in antalya-demre region,'' Asian Journal Of Chemistry, vol. 19:7 pp. 5639-5646.
Tomich,T., P. Kilby, and B. Johnson. 1995. Transforming Agrarian Economies: Opportunities Seized ,Opportunities Missed Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

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