1. Connective tissue
2. Muscle tissue
3. Epithelial tissue
4. Nervous tissue
Connective tissue:
The connective tissue in animals is separated by non-living material. The connective tissue binds and supports body parts, protects, fills spaces, stores fat and transports materials. The structure of a loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue has three types of fibres. The first one is the collagen fibres which provide strength and flexibility and is the existing protein in animal bodies. The second one is elastic fibres which provide elasticity and when stretched, they return to their original shape. The third one is the reticular fibres which are small and branched and they provide support for organs like the liver and lymph nodes. The cells of loose and dense connective tissue are fibroblasts and produce the fibres and nonliving material. The collagen fibres of a dense connective tissue are closely packed than loose connective tissue. Normal dense connective tissue contains collagen fibres in one direction to provide strength, it is found in tendons and ligaments in which the tendons connect muscle to bone and the ligaments connect bone to bone. The cells of a cartilage are strong but flexible and also contain collagen and elastic fibres. It does not stretch and can resist compression but maintains its shape. It is found at the ends of bones where it prevents friction within the joints. Blood is also a connective tissue and also contains cells that are separated by a non-living material such as the plasma.
Muscle tissue:
A muscle tissue in an animal is a soft tissue that composes muscles and is formed during embryo development in a process called myogenesis. The muscle tissue contracts in response to stimulation but it...
... middle of paper ...
...port is passive and not powered by energy spent by the tracheary elements, which are dead by maturity and no longer have living contents.
2. Phloem
3. The phloem tissue in the plant manages food and metabolites during photosynthesis throughout the whole of the plant including the roots. In vascular plants the phloem is the living tissue which carries organic nutrients in particular, sucrose which is a sugar, to all components of the plant where is it needed. The phloem main function is the transport of soluble organic material made during photosynthesis which is called translocation. The phloem tissue in plants consists of: conducting cells, called sieve elements which are parenchyma cells and include both specialized companion cells, unspecialized cells and supportive cells for example fibres and sclereids.
iv.
The differences between plant and animal cells;
No obvious boundaries are observed between the two distinct materials, tendon and bone. Type I collagen and tenocytes are highly aligned in tendon. In uncalcified fibrocartilage, where collagen type II is of great content, along with rich type III collagen and small amount of type X collagen, decorin, and aggrecan. Similarly, with a great amount of type II collagen, the mineralized cartilage presents significant amounts of collagen type X and scarce levels of aggrecan. Note that the collagen fibers are highly aligned in the direction of tensile force in tendon but less oriented in the insertion site (Figure 2).[4, 19] Additionally, the insertion site possesses a transitional decrease in tissue organization while an increase in mineral content.[4] The complex collagen and mineralization content in this region lead the repair and rehabilitation of tendon-to-bone insertion site more
Muscle is a very specialized tissue that has both the ability to contract and the ability to conduct electrical impulses. Muscles are classified both structurally as either striated or smooth and functionally as either voluntary or involuntary and. Muscle cells (myocytes) are elongated and classified as either striated muscle cells or smooth muscle cells depending on the presence or absence of regularly repeated arrangements of myofibrillar contractile proteins called myofilaments.
The source expands on three major groups of muscular systems. They are skeletal muscle, Cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscles are made up of muscle tissue, connective tissue, nerves and blood vessels that is attached to tendons and bones. Cardiac muscles are small with short wide T-tubules and is only found in heart. Smooth muscles are long, slender and spindle shaped with no T tubules, myofibrils or sarcomeres that arrange the blood vessels in some organs. All these three types of muscles are grouped together with fibers that
As you read this question, cells in your eyes are sending information to your brain which your brain uses to form an image of the words that you read. Is this information being sent along afferent or efferent nerves?
Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles play a vital role in the everyday processes that allow the human body to function. Without these muscles, everyday tasks and functions could not be conducted. Injury to these muscles could cause serious problems, however, these muscles have the ability to regenerate, repair, and fix multiple problems all by themselves. Repair and regeneration of a muscle are two similar, yet different things. Repair restores muscle continuity so that it can continue to function in the same way as before injury, but does not completely restore the pre-injury structure like regeneration (Huijbregts, 2001). Muscle repair and regeneration take place after an injury, after surgery, after atrophy, and even after working out.
It is vital that healthcare professionals are able to understand the reasons of which why a patient feels ill. Diagnosing or only being able to identify the conditions presented by a patient is merely part of the process. The understanding of an illness provides a more effective means of treatment as it enables one to practically use the information they have. Pathophysiology presents the biological processes involved in a disease, it provides explanations for the causes of diseases.
"Muscles and Muscle Tissue." Chapter 9: Muscles and Muscles Tissue. Midlands Tech, n.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2016.
Striated muscles cells are long, and have long cylinders that have proteins called myofibrils. Skeletal muscles have a special muscle tissue called Epimysium, which is found along the entire muscle tendon. It protects the muscle from friction against other muscles or
...sponse to nerve impulses, hormones and other local factors. These muscle fibers can also stretch considerably and still maintain their contractile function.
Tendons are surrounded by loose areolar connective tissue called paratenon. The main components of the paratenon are the type I collogen about 95% and about 5% of type II collagen of the dry tendon weight but smaller quantities of other collagens are also present, including types V, VI, XII and type II collagen (Robi et al. 2013).
Skeletal and smooth muscle cells show a number of similarities however they also display many differences. These similarities and differences can be seen through observing the structure and appearance of these cells, their control mechanisms and the ways in which they contract.
In 2002, a group of Australian researchers published a paper entitled the "Effect of different protocols of caffeine intake on metabolism and endurance performance". Caffeine use during sporting events has become much more popular and has widely studied. The purpose of the research was to examine the work increasing (ergogenic) effects of differing regiments of caffeine on metabolism and performance while simulating the typical nutritional preparation an athlete would do for a race. The study also sought to examine the effect of timing of caffeine intake, comparing results when caffeine was given before an event (precaf) to results from caffeine given during an event (durcaf). In addition, the researchers wanted to understand the practice of endurance athletes drinking defizzed Coca-Cola towards the end of a race. It was widely observed that many triathletes and marathoners feel they derive a boost from consuming Coca-Cola in the final stages of an event as a replacement to sports drinks.
The muscular system is made up of three types of muscles. Those muscles are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Skeletal muscles are voluntary which means it’s controlled consciously. The job of the skeletal muscles is to contract to cause the movement of bones at a joint. Skeletal muscles allow us to run, walk, and jump. Cardiac muscles are involuntary which means they are not controlled consciously. Cardiac muscles are found in the heart, and they are in charge of pumping blood all through the body. Lastly, smooth muscles are also involuntary. Smooth muscles are also known as visceral muscles. Smooth muscles move substances through the body, such as food and blood.
Tissues are composed of groups of cells that have similar shapes and functions. There are four main types of tissue found in the human body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue, and nervous tissue. Each tissue has unique characteristics that differentiate them from one another. Epithelial tissue covers the surface of the body, connective tissue adds support and structure to the body, muscular tissue contracts to allow movement, and nervous tissue controls the organs (Hoehn & Marieb, 2007, p. 118).
Muscle tissues grow by means of physical activity in the same way they are able to become more well-defined (with regards to physical