Physiography
Climate
The climate of the Pacific Rim is a very diverse one, mostly stemming from the region running all the way north to Alaska, and all the way down south to the end of California. Although the Aleutian Islands are located far north in the region, the climate is surprisingly mild. This is mostly caused by the warm moisture circulating over the colder ocean and its currents, and is pushed towards the islands. This results in the Aleutian Islands becoming enveloped in mists, causing it to be foggy for a majority of the year. Coastal Alaska has unique features that cause its weather conditions. The Coastal Mountains catch precipitation and the adjoined air-masses, causing either rain or snow for much of the year. This moisture often results in the formation of glaciers. The Bering, Mala pina, and Mendenhall Glaciers are just some glaciers that have been formed by this process. The area extending between the Alaskan Panhandle and the Olympic Peninsula of Washington is one of the wettest sections of the U.S. Precipitation over the ocean is lifted by the mountains, causing rain and snow in this year for over half of the year.
Extending down the coastline, the climate becomes warmer and dryer. California’s climate is milder compared to that of its northern neighbors. Although the Pacific brings much rain and precipitation to Washington and Oregon year-round, California receives the majority of its rainfall in the winter months of December and January. However, the temperature does not vary as much in California as it does to Oregon and Washington. California’s climate has been said to resemble the climate of the Mediterranean.
Settlement Patterns
Surprisingly, Alaska was one of the first areas to be inhabited and s...
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...ed a large portion of jobless people to help reforest the lands that had been cut down. The government also set aside lands for public use that included, grazing, soil conservation, watershed management, and recreation. As time went on and the Northern Pacific Rim became more inhabited, laws had to be created to protect the over-fished and over hunted animals as well as preserve what little bit of natural habitat they had left. Laws were also created to slow down the rapid deforestation of the land. The U.S. also worked with Canada to adjust the border in the Northwest appropriately. The government wanted to acquire the land up to and including Alaska, but Canada needed to have a port to the Pacific coast, and refrained from selling British Columbia to the U.S. When the U.S. declared war on Japan, the economy and transportation on the Northern Pacific Rim increased.
Expansion of a nation was nothing new in terms of history. The fighting, buying and selling of land in North America was a common event during the 1800s. The United States had started expanding in 1803 with President Thomas Jefferson’s purchase of the Louisiana Territory whose borders where not clearly defined. After the War of 1812 with the British, the northern border of this territory was defined at the 49th parallel. Then in 1819, Spain sold its claim to Florida to the United States. The United States wanted to continue to expand itself westward to the Pacific Ocean, a territory then owned by Mexico. The acquirement of this territory occurred after the Mexican War. How the territory was acquired by the United States is the topic in question.
After temporarily resolving the problems of Reconstruction and Industrialization, Americans began to resume the course of expansion. The horrors of the Civil War had interrupted the original Manifest Destiny that began in the 1840s. Now, as pioneers settled the last western frontiers, expansionists looked yet farther to the west -- toward Asia and the Pacific. American ships had long been active in the Pacific. The New England whaling fleets scoured the ocean in search of their prey. As ships crossed the vast ocean to trade in Asia, islands in the Pacific became important stops for coal, provisions, and repairs. In the South Pacific, the American navy negotiated with awestruck natives for the rights to build bases on the islands of Midway and Samoa. This practice had been going on for a while. The Hawaiian Islands, which lie closest to the American mainland, had long been an important stop for the Pacific fleet.
... the American economy for trade rather than their own country. The shift to a national highway in Canada supported trade and the economy in giving motorists the ability to travel through Canada without having to leave like which had to be done in previous years.
...e Americans, resulting in a large depletion of land. As this benefited the people that had migrated throughout the United States, it really harmed the Native American population.
In order for the colonies to do well economically, they needed to be able to sell their goods to other markets. At this time, due to trade barriers between colonies, there were very few places that they could sell to. The Province of Canada was thrown into a period of economic decline. Some Canadians started to think in terms of a continental rather than a colonial trade system. They began to believe that they should manufacture their own products and find markets for these products within the colonies of British North America. By bringing the colonies together, they would be able to sell their goods to each other more easily. People quickly realized that if trade between colonies was now an option, a railway would have to be built to connect the East to the West. It was believed that the building of a railway would open up new settlement opportunities and establish a stronger British presence in the West. The independent colonies began to further consider a future together because of the opportunities a railway would provide. Another major economic challenge pushing the colonies towards Confederation was the end of reciprocity with the United States. British North American colonies and the United States agreed to a Reciprocity Treaty that allowed for free trade on products such as timber, grain, coal, livestock and fish. In the years to
In this paper, I will analyze the amount of progress that has been made in the Native American condition in relation to U.S. government cooperation with the First Nations, with a specific focus on the tribes of the Pacific Northwest. I will begin with a brief, but comprehensive history of U.S.-Native American relations, with a focus on U.S. government policy. Next, I will conduct a case study of the Pacific Northwest, specifically dealing with how the global pressure of the Decade has impacted treaty negotiations and multi-lateral cooperation in the fishing industry, forest service, and tribal gaming. I will then discuss parallels that can be drawn from the cooperation of Maori tribes with the government of New Zealand in the last decade. Finally, I will discuss the unmet needs for the improvement of the indigenous condition, and conclude with an evaluation of the relative progress the Decade has had specifically in the United States, and more generally in the global community.
...se having more land naturally meant having more space for the immigrants and new opportunities. When business expanded, it meant having more wealth for the business owner. After the annexation of Hawaii, the natural resources were enjoyed by both America and Hawaii. Despite the fact that Hawaii was annexed during the war with Spain as a strategic move, America took great care in the expansion of the island (Thurston 1897).
Prince Rupert and Prince George are separated by the Coastal Mountains, Prince Rupert is on the windward side while Prince George is on the leeward side. This would cause heavy precipitation in Prince Rupert while Prince George gets limited precipitation because it is covered in a rain shadow due to the dry winds coming over the mountain. For instance, Prince Rupert’s total precipitation is 2414 mm however Prince George’s total precipitation is 621 mm, making Prince Rupert maritime and Prince George continental. Finally, relief precipitation is a major factor to the two diverse climates of Prince George and Prince
One of the critical tasks that faced the new nation of the United States was establishing a healthy relationship with the Native Americans (Indians). “The most serious obstacle to peaceful relations between the United States and the Indians was the steady encroachment of white settlers on the Indian lands. The Continental Congress, following [George] Washington’s suggestion, issued a proclamation prohibiting unauthorized settlement or purchase of Indian land.” (Prucha, 3) Many of the Indian tribes had entered into treaties with the French and British and still posed a military threat to the new nation.
Southern California is considered to have one of the best year-round of any destination in the United States. There is a brief season of rain, which falls in the months of December, January and February. The average rainfall in Southern California is twelve inches and 90% of the rain will occur during these three months. The average temperature range is between sixty-eight and eighty-three. Temperatures can differ as much as twenty degrees depending on the area of Southern California. Coastal areas that are close to the ocean are cooler while inland areas are warmer due to the Santa Ana winds. Fog can occur during June due to the arid winds pulling moisture from the ocean. This can sometimes be referred to as the “June Gloom”. Fog will typically burn off, by the sun, around noon each day. The fog during June tends to make the mornings cooler and afternoons and evenings warmer.
In return the indians were befriended by the United States Government. Also in this treaty it gave the government the right to build roads and have military posts within their land. In return the government will protect the indian land. In 1887 the general allotment act was put into place. The general allotment act divided up the land on the reservations and was divided for individual indians. The goal of this was to make the indians into individual land owners and farmers so they can assimilate into
One action taken by the United States government that was influenced by geographic factors was the Louisiana Purchase. There were many historical circumstances that resulted in the government’s action. Louisiana was originally owned by the French until France sold it to the United States. Thomas Jefferson bought Louisiana in 1803. The influence of this geographic factor occurred because as the United States had expanded westward, navigation of the Mississippi River and access to the port of New Orleans had become critical to American commerce. The purchase of the Louisiana territory, including New Orleans, was for $15 million. The acquisition of approximately 827,000 square miles would double the size of the United States. This also gave the United States control of the Mississippi River. This had a lot of impacts on the United States. It increased western expansion which was included in the Manifest Destiny. The Manifest Destiny was a 19th-century doctrine that the United States had the right and duty to expand throughout the North American continent. But, this expansion did lead to conflicts...
... farmers. They was losing land for the production of railroads. To solve this solution the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 was put in place. The Supreme Court would rules that individual states could not regulate interstate commerce and discriminate against out of state business. Also, President Cleveland was forces to give out land to the public.
America had a newfound fervor for land already occupied by the Indians. Although the Treaty of Paris ended the war, in the west, war continued. In the treaty the British gave up all claims to the lands, but declared the Indians still owned their lands. America thought the Indians had no real claims to the land so they made treaties to legitimize American expansion.
This land which the had been reserved for the Indians was now being distributed by the government. There were thousands of landless and hungry Indians due to the white taking over their land. The federal government never removed the illegal settlers, instead, they forced the Natives to sign a new treaty that surrendered more of the Native American’s land. Treaty after treaty the Americans pushed aside the Natives and did not fulfil their promise. The eagerness to enlarge the horizon of the United States and the invasion of white people due to the gold rush, troubled the Indians and sent them into a disastrous downward spiral (Garraty 405, Lecture-21