Physical Condition's Effects on the Adult Learner in the Foreign Language Classroom
The physical condition is one of the conditions that affects the adult learner in second/foreign language classroom. This condition consists of physical changes that occurs in adults that have implications for adult learning. It affects mostly the brain and the heart. Adult education can add stress on them, they can start smoking or drinking, and sometimes it can cause heart attacks because they have trouble meeting with sudden and abrupt changes. A lot of other factors can deteriorate the adult health. These factors can reduce the level of learning. There are also roles; family roles, work roles, community roles and leisure time roles. The family roles are a major factor in adult learning. Financial pressures, growing kids, adjustments of marriage are often prioritised over learning situations. Learning a second language can be a valuable opportunity in work roles. It can lead to a promotion or increase earnings and it gives a more positive self-image. Community roles consist in the involvement of the adult in his community. The amount of time that community roles require will often reduce the time available for continuing education. On the other hand, the learning of leadership and group dynamics is essential to successful involvement. Leisure time roles can allow using media in adult education but on the other hand, if leisure activities are not placed in a schedule, they can take over the time for learning. The psychological condition is another condition that affects the adult learner in second/foreign language classroom. As the adult grows older, the pressure and stress take over. The suicide rate increases with age. The period t...
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...al examples. “Socioaffective strategies have to do with social mediating activity and transacting with others”. Socioaffective strategies can lower the learner’s anxiety, encourage him, take his emotional temperature, ask questions, cooperate with others and empathise with others. This kind of learning is for example when you work in groups of two or more, you can get feedback from other people, help and even have a model to help you. In this model, you’re not left on your own, you’re surrounded by people that can help you that is why it’s called socioaffective. An activity that uses this kind of learning could be that one of the members of the group gives a presentation and then the peers give that person feedback, tips and even can help that person to be better in presentation with pronunciation repetition, etc. Even the teacher could give comments and tips.
There is a rising issue in today’s education system to whether or not we need to require and when the education system should start the second language learning in the school system. Some say that education system should wait until the students have reached high school and others say to start it young. Other school officials have said that they should require it in high school because they’ll remember the language better. Experts say that the education system needs to start it young while the child’s brain is like a sponge. The answer to this question is to simply start the foreign language learning young during their childhood which is why all the state education systems should require a foreign language class during the elementary years of schooling.
...ts. All of these areas show that behavior is observed from models around them. They can then be imitated whether the behavior is good or bad. Aggressive behavior can be observed at home and can lead an individual to imitate those behaviors with their family. Immigrants can learn similar behaviors without being aware of the consequences. Training programs can help the individual going to a different county learn what behaviors are appropriate. The programs can also help these individuals become confident in their transition. Technology can also be seen with the social-learning theory. New tools are being created for the school environment that can be used in schools or outside the school. These tools can help individual socialize with others wanting to learn new material. This shows that the social-learning theory can be covered in broad areas of society.
Second language acquisition has also become a significant factor in the country because multilingualism is linked to “economic interchange, national security, and community development” (p. 586) in the current globalized world (Cummins, 2005a). Many heritage language students are enrolled in English as Second Language (ESL) program or mainstream education without linguistic support. These students live parallel linguistic and cultural lives divided between home and school which may create stress or inner conflict (Reyes and Vallone, 2007). Ironically, many heritage language students willingly enroll in foreign language classes in middle school, high school, and or college in order to further develop...
Bialystock, E., & Hakuta, K. (1994). The science and psychology of second language acquisition. In K. Seifert, R.J. Hoffnung, & M. Hoffnung, Lifespan development. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
The author mentions that some researches are indicated that “increased exposure to English does not necessarily speed the acquisition of English”. In addition, the author points out to the teachers that “teacher should be aware that giving language minority children support in the home language is beneficial”. Thus, the time they spend in language isn’t the main factor to determine whether they learn this language better or not. In the fourth myth－children have acquitted an second language once they can speak it. The author claims that “for school-aged children, proficiency in face-to-face communication does not imply proficiency in the more complex academic language needed to engage in many classroom activities”. It means that if a child is good at speaking language, it doesn’t mean that their reading and writing skills are as good as their oral ability. In the fifth myth－All children learn an second language in the same way. Different background and different social class will influence learning styles. The author claims
... the self-efficacy and self-esteem of certain individuals, leading to more satisfying and fulfilling life that is built on better personality traits, I feel that Social Learning Theory can be applied to many situations.
Zahih Zakaria, & Mohd Sallehhudin Abd Aziz. (January, 2011). Assessing Students Performance: The Second Language (English Language) Factor. The International Journal of Educational and Psychological Assessment , Vol. 6, 43. Retrieved from http://tijepa.books.officelive.com/Documents/A4V6.2_TIJEPA.pdf
Teaching students a language that is foreign can really be challenging for students as well as for the teachers. The dynamic rule for implementing instructing in a diverse class to English-learners is to use resourceful life skills such as diligence, hard work and patience. There are also methods that are involved in teaching English as a second language that can be creative for the teacher, yet beneficial to the student. First building a strong foundation that is essential to English learners will promote the language acquisition process. To do this teacher’s should always start with preparation. Advance preparation is essential in order to provide necessary adaptations in content area instruction and to make content information accessible for second language lear...
Richterich, R. & Chancerel, J.L. (1980), Identifying the Needs of Adults Learning a Foreign Language. New York: Council of Europe
“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change world”-(Nelson Mandela). In other words, learning is one influential way to change things. As we all know, education is essential to everyone from toddlers to adults. Yet, the amount of education differs from a person to another. The more instructions one learns, the better it gets. Many people have some confusions of why it is important to learn new information, such as new languages. One may think it is a waste of time, and others may think it would benefit that individual. It is important to learn some other languages because it develops the mind, increases job opportunities, and help understand people with other languages.
Interaction between teacher and students are a part of learning language process. Teachers usually use the term ‘motivation’ when they describe successful and unsuccessful learners (Dörnyei, 2001). Teachers are seen as the role model who can motivate students. Therefore, teachers must be able to make students aware and enjoy while learning process in the classroom. In fact, motivation is not a simple process to do by the teacher (Dörnyei, 2001). Teacher should use a method that “when exercised, will make all students want to do their homework, come in for after-school help, and score well on their test and report cards (Dörnyei, 2001, p.13).
Teaching second language is different from teaching first language. This is because second language learning may be affected by various factors such as the personality, age of the learners, the motivation of the second language learners and their cognitive level. When a teacher teaches second language to students, they must always bear in mind to use a variety of general principles of second language. The examples of these general principles are teacher should vary teaching methods, should make learning visual and teacher should help learners to develop intrinsic motivation.
This is even more tangible in Iranian schools and language institutions where reading comprehension and grammar are developed at the expense of speaking and listening and it is quite evident from the lack of enough well-designed activities for improving speaking in their syllabi. To compound the problem, students’ issues with regard to speaking seem to have been neglected or in some cases ignored. Today, there are a great number of language learners who refuse to speak a foreign language and choose to remain silent simply because they feel anxious when they try to speak. Horwitz and Cope (1986) found that language learners expressed more anxiety over speaking than any other language skill. Several other researchers have also found that speaking a foreign language can potentially provoke anxiety and needs to be dealt with in an appropriate manner so
As time goes by and as the global community develops, the world grows more and more international, making second or third language acquisition become necessary to the majority. With the growing importance of multiple language ability, more and more parents think of bilingual or multilingual education, which means acquisitions of two or more languages, for their kids. In fact, we do have many reasons showing why multilingual education is important and beneficial, such as aspects of interpersonal relationship, employment, brain health, and so on.
When students are taught more in different ways, they can educationally benefit their cognitive abilities, involving the brain with “mathematics, problem solving, logic and memory”, can be improved to create an overall better student. Even learning another language at an earlier age can contribute to __________. Learning another language will be easier. Not only educationally, but tremendous health benefits can occur with the use of bilingual education.