The study of personality theories of psychology is the section of psychology which studies individuals’ personalities and differences. A theory is a model that helps us predict or explain an outcome; in this case it is personality or behavior. Our personality is what makes us unique or different from other people. Many personality theorists may not feel the same about the development of personality or behavior but, they all are interested in the commonalities among people. How are people “put together,” how do they “work,” and how do they “fall apart.” The psychodynamic theory emphasizes personality as primarily unconscious.
In the case of consciousness versus unconsciousness, it is fair to say that we live a life of what we believe to be conscious, but in fact it is more of an unconscious effort to maintain what it is we describe to ourselves as consciousness. The truth behind all of the facts is that these two scientists have put a great deal of work into their theories and believe that the white between all the print is that we actually practice a life of unconsciousness almost all at once and that what little consciousness actually witness is all that the human race really needs to come to grip with that experience in all their normal day proceedings. Work Cited Jacobus, Lee A. A World Of Ideas. 6th ed.
Oedipus as Scapegoat in Oedipus the King The great psychologist-philosopher Carl Jung was briefly a student of Freud. Because Jung felt that Freud's approach to psychoanalysis was by far too narrow, he broke off from his teachings, and made significant contributions to mythological criticism. Jung's greatest contribution was his theory of archetypes. His proposal of archetypes argues that there is one original pattern or model of all things of the same type. According to Jung, beneath the personal unconscious is a collective unconscious that is in the psychic inheritance of all humans.
Then there is William James, he was responsible for the influence of the school of thought regarding functionalism. James believed a person’s environment had a strong influence on their behavior. Carl Jung, another theorist of the psychoanalysis school of thought, believed that dream analysis played a major role in influencing an individual’s behavior. According to the text, Jung believed the collective unconsciousness was a reservoir of all the experience and knowledge of the human species (Cherry, 2011). Psychologist Al... ... middle of paper ... ...ind.
There are various theories of presented by theorists which is based on their own studies and projections. Personality is a dynamic organization, inside the person, of psychophysical systems that create the person’s characteristic patterns of behaviour, thoughts and feelings(G.W. Allport, 1961). The way a person thinks, behaves and acts can be defined as personality. The study of personality focuses on two broad areas: the first study involves the understanding of individual differences in particular personality characteristics, which may be sociability or irritability.
Throughout life, individuals should be striving for complete, self-mastery, the ability “To love and work”. In doing so, they have the ability to know and control oneself, relatively freeing themselves from unconscious conflicts. Jung’s theory of personality development opposed Freud’s, disagreeing “that human motivation is exclusively sexual and that the unconscious mind is entirely personal and peculiar to the individual” (Stevens, 18). Jung composed multiple theories, which, in summation, created his theory of personality development. The Complex Theory was done by a word association test; a patient is given a word in which that are to respond back with one of their own as quickly as possible.
We have already seen how behaviourism implies that the environment determines all of our actions, thus rejecting the idea that people have free will. For example, in education, “learning is demonstrated by the behaviour of the learner in their actions or reactions to further stimulus” (Woollard; 2010). Students are ‘trained’ to learn and they are required to obtain new behavioural patterns. Psychodynamic psychologists such as Freud and even Adler also have claim to a deterministic approach, although, as Smith suggested, they “both were involved in a kind of a balancing act” (Smith; 2003). This ‘balancing act’ was referring to the notions of free will and the unconscious struggle.
Psychodynamic psychology discounts the symbols of science and in its place motivations on making an attempt to get inside the mind of individuals so as to create sense of their life, relationships, and experiences the way they see the world. Psychodynamic approach to psychology is one of the oldest approaches this approach looks at what motivates behaviours it as well contains all of the theories in psychology. Sigmund Freud declared that mental problems that we have a tendency to suffer is resulting on the far side our conscious self-control that our subconscious, and therefore the innate impulses that we have a tendency to might not alert in mind of what influence the method within which we have a tendency to behave Freud states that human psyche involved three parts the id, ego and superego which compete against each other for control over behaviour and action. “The id (meaning ‘it’ in Latin)” All the id wants is to have it desires it exists only for pleasure and wants immediate enjoyment. It does not have the ability to be logical, consider what is moral because the id has no real awareness it is unconscious it is just urges.
This battle involves the two most basic parts of society, the artistic Dionysian and the intelligent Apollonian. Sometimes one being becomes more dominant than the other or they both share the same plane. Even though individually created, these theories could be intertwined, even used together. Thus it is the object of this paper to prove that the Freudian theory about the unconscious id, and ego are analogous to the idea on the Apollonian and Dionysian duality's presented by Nietzsche. "The division of the psychical into what is conscious and what is unconscious is the fundamental premise of psycho-analysis; and it alone makes it possible for psycho-analysis to understand the pathological processes in mental life..." (Freud, The Ego and the Id, 3).
As opposed to forced behaviour, this approach focuses on personal subjective experiences. Each can actively decide how to act irrespective of the situation he or she is under. According to this theory, every individual is alone in the world, until they find a meaning or purpose of their life. Through identification of ones meaning, an individual can now know his or her personality. Unlike behaviourist where reinforcement is required to develop behaviour traits which will form one’s character, in humanistic, an individual develops his personality through self-actualization.