In this lab, there will be seven elements from period three (group 1-7) and carbon from period two that will be in a reaction with oxygen to yield oxides. Out of the eight oxides, two of the oxides are ionic and the rest are covalent. The state of the seven elements in period three and carbon, forming oxides, will change from solid to gas from left to right on the periodic table . This occurs because the intermolecular forces decrease, causing a decrease in the electronegativity between oxygen and each element. Thus, oxides to the left of the periodic table will begin with ionic properties, then metalloids forming oxides will have ionic and covalent properties and the oxides to the right of the periodic table will have covalent properties. The metallic oxides (sodium, magnesium, aluminum, and silicon) will have relatively high melting and boiling points because a lot of energy is needed to break the strong bonds. Sodium and magnesium have ionic bonds whereas aluminum and silicon have covalent bonds. Since these bonds are strong, more energy is required to break or attract the particles. The oxides of carbon, phosphorus …show more content…
Based on the acid-base trend, the oxides on the left (sodium and magnesium) are going to be strong basic oxides. However, for aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide the acid-base properties will be different. Since aluminum oxide exists in a number of different forms, it is difficult to describe its properties. Subsequently, aluminum oxide is an amphoteric oxide; it will have both basic as well as acidic properties. Since electronegativity has increased going across the periodic table, there is not enough electronegativity difference between silicon and oxygen to form ionic bonds. Hence, silicon dioxide will be very weakly acidic. All the covalent oxides (carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, and chlorine) will all be acidic since they are all to the right of the periodic
Compress the safety bulb, hold it firmly against the end of the pipette. Then release the bulb and allow it to draw the liquid into the pipette.
Primo Levi’s personal relationship to his profession as a chemist shows that philosophically and psychologically, he is deeply invested in it. His book THe PeriOdic TaBLe shows that his methodology cannot be classified as either purely objective or purely subjective. He fits into the definition of dynamic objectivity given by Evelyn Fox Keller in her book Reflections on Gender and Science.
Just as the title of the chapter suggests, the main focus of Chapter 11 is how elements found on the Periodic Table are not always what they appear. Kean begins this chapter with describing how elements can be unpredictable in some conditions, and uses example from the past to...
The purpose of this lab was to to cycle solid copper through a series of chemical forms and return it to its original form. A specific quantity of copper undergo many types of reactions and went through its whole cycle, then returned to its solid copper to be weighted. We observed 5 chemical reactions involving copper which are: Redox reaction (which includes all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed), double displacement reaction, precipitation reaction, decomposition reaction, and single displacement reaction.
For example, what are the names of Fe2O3 and FeO. Iron oxide is not an adequate answer; it fails to distinguish between the two possible oxidation states of iron. Is it iron (II) or iron (III). To decide, you must know use the combination of the oxide's fixed oxidation state of 2- with iron's oxidation state required to total for a compound charge of zero. The compound iron(II) oxide, FeO, iron had the oxidation state of 2+ which balances the charge of the oxide ion which is 2-. For the compound iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3, the roman numeral placed after the name of the metal clearly states the charge of each iron atom as 3+. The older system of naming applies either the suffixes —ic for the ion of higher charge and —ous for the ion of lower charge; thus Fe3+ ion can be referred to as ferric and Fe2+ ion as ferrous.
The oxide of aluminum is amphoteric—showing both acidic and basic properties. The most important compounds include the oxide, hydroxide, sulfate, and mixed sulfate compounds. Anhydrous aluminum chloride is important in the oil and synthetic-chemical industries. Many gemstones—ruby and sapphire, for example—consist mainly of crystalline aluminum oxide.
An elements¡¦ reaction to certain substances may be predicted by its placement on the Periodic Table of Elements. Across a period, an element on the left will react with more vigor than one on the right, of the same period. Vertically, as elements are sectioned into groups, the reaction of each element increases as you move down in the same group. With this in mind, the reactions of the substances involved in this experiment may be hypothesized, observed, and validated.
Now the octet rule says that an atom likes to achieve stability by ensuring they have eight valence electrons in their outermost level. Atoms lose or gain valence electrons to achieve the full outer level and they do this by bonding with other atoms. Atoms can bond with each other as in the case of O2 or with different atoms as in the case of H2O. (Timberlake) Only Hydrogen (H) and Helium (He) like to only have two valence electrons.
"The Parts of the Periodic Table." The Parts of the Periodic Table. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Nov. 2013. .
Here (Figure 1), we can see the crystalline structure of potassium feldspar (KAlSi3O8), which consists of corners that share AlO4 and SiO4 tetrahedrons. These tetrahedrons contain either an aluminum or a silicon atom, each connected to four oxygen atoms, and also there are relatively large potassium cations that reside on junctions within the framework.
The Periodic Table is based around the Atomic Theory. Firstly people believed that everything was made up the four elements Earth, Fire, Wind, and Water. This theory evolved into everything being made up of atoms. Breakthroughs throughout history such as the discoveries of the nucleus, protons, neutrons and electrons have pushed this theory forward to where it is today.
The periodic table of elements contains one hundred eighteen elements (ptable). Each element contains extremely small particles called electrons, neutrons, and protons. Whenever an element has a differing number of neutrons than the standard element, the distinct forms of the element are called isotopes. Carbon-14 is just one isotope of carbon in our atmosphere. Fifteen isotopes of this atom actually exist, but the three kinds that occur most often are Carbon-12, Carbon-13,...
This law states that, “when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their chemical and physical properties” (textbook). From that, the modern periodic table was born; “each new horizontal row of the table corresponds to the beginning of a new period because a new principal energy level is being filled with electrons” (textbook).
John Dalton�s Periodic Tables. 2014. John Dalton�s Periodic Tables. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.sussexvt.k12.de.us/science/The%20History%20of%20the%20World%201500-1899/John%20Dalton's%20periodic%20tables.htm. [Accessed 12 May 2014].
borate) and 1.0 g. of sodium hydroxide in 20 mL of warm water. It may