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Performance enhancing drugs in sports today
Anabolic steroids in sports performance
Performance enhancing drugs in sports today
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Ever since Mark McGwire, a St. Louis Cardinals baseball player, broke the home run record of Roger Maris, a New York Yankee outfielder best known for hitting sixty-one home runs in 1961, the media has been frantic. This frenzy is not only about McGwire's accomplishment of hitting a Herculean seventy home runs but is about another subject, performance-enhancing drugs.
Mark McGwire is not only using creatine, but he is also taking androstenedione. Creatine is an amino acid that fuels muscle contraction and is produced in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas (Schrof 54). Androstenedione is produced in the body by the gonads and adrenal glands in small amounts. It is a sex steroid hormone that the body converts to testosterone, a natural anabolic (muscle building) steroid and performance-enhancer ("Hazard Alert" 143). Examples of other performance boosters include chromium, pyruvate, and anabolic-androgenic steroids. All of these supplements aid the body in building and repairing muscle; however, some have more prominent effects than others do. The ensuing dilemma over McGwire is whether or not his breaking of the home run record was aided by drug use. This past summer, the American College of Sports Medicine issued that "the verdict is still out on the safety of creatine supplementation, especially over long periods of time" (Condor 3D). However, the American College of Sports Medicine has no official position about androstenedione, which is banned by the International Olympic Committee, the National Football League, and the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) but allowed by the National Hockey League, National Basketball Association, and Major League Baseball (Condor 3D).
There are two basic viewpoints on...
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...rts Illustrated 20 April 1998: 58-61.
Bender, David and Bruno Leone, ed. Sports in America: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc. 1994.
Condor, Bob. "Price of power, glory." The Greenville News 10 September 1998: 1D+.
Gower, Timothy. "Eat Powder! Build Muscle! Burn Calories!" Esquire (Feb. 1998): 113.
"Hazard Alert." People Weekly Oct. 12, 1998: 143-145.
"How the Experts View Androstenedione." The Washington Post 20 October 1998: 13Z+.
Schrof, Joannie M. "McGwire hits the pills: brawn building supplements also deliver serious risks." U.S. News & World Report Sept. 7, 1998: 53-55.
Shaughnessy, Dan. "Leave Mac Alone." The State 30 August 1998: 12C.
"The carbohydrate of the '90s." Sports Illustrated July 28, 1997: 26.
Woods, Steve. "Use of drugs should have no place in sports." The State 25 August 1998: 2C.
Taylor, Hopkins. Substance abuse issues to Offending Athletes. Miami: Beachwood Press, pages 35-37. 2009. Print.
There are many reasons for the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the fifth century. A major reason was the political corruption and the instabilities of the government. The last ruling emperor of a united Roman Empire was Theodosius I. At his death in 395, he divided the empire leaving the east to his son Arcadius and the west to his other son Honorius. Constantinople and the Eastern Roman empire remained strong while...
In the end, the real main question is why. Why do we study the Holocaust? We study it for so many reasons. We study it so we remember all the tragic events, from the murdering of the Jews to the liberation of death camps. Also this defineing moment in history lets us see how rasicim effected everything. Not only in Germany with the Nuremberg Laws, but here as well with the Jim Crow Laws. WWII did help us out of The Great Depression though. But the most important reason as to why we study this is so we know the signs, so it will never happen again. No one should ever want this to repeat. It was tragic all around. Thats why kids world wide will alwats study about the Holocaust.
Reading, Anna. "Young People's Viewing Of Holocaust Films In Different Cultural Contexts." Holocaust And The Moving Image (2005): 210-216. RAMBI. Web. 10 Oct. 2013.
The era in sports from the late 90s and into the 2000s has often been nicknamed “The Steroid Age” due to the raging use of anabolic steroids and other PEDs (performance enhancing drugs) by professional athletes. The usage of drugs in sports has never been more prevalent during this time, and many people are making it their goal to put an end to the abuse. Influential athletes such as Lance Armstrong, Alex Rodriguez, and Roger Clemens, who were once held as the highest role models to the American people, now watch as their legacies are tarnished by accusations of drug use. The American population, and lovers of sports everywhere, have followed in astonishment through recent years as many beloved athletes reveal their dark secrets. As organizations such as the USADA (United States Anti-Doping Agency) and BALCO (Bay Area Laboratory Co-Operative) attempt to halt the use of PEDs, both the drug users and their high-end suppliers work diligently to avoid detection. The use of performance enhancing drugs in recent years has proven to be cancerous to the honesty and competition of modern sports. Although some strides have been made over the past few decades, the use of steroids is in full swing in Major League Baseball, The dangerous side effects of the drugs are often overlooked and many do not realize the message this sends to the youth. The support for halting the usage of PEDs is in need of attention or professional sports will face the loss of all progress made through the past two decades in its war on steroids.
Throughout history, the human race has had to go through many horrible things. Famines, diseases, and war have always been present where there are people. However, a great thing about people is that we try to learn from our mistakes. The Holocaust was a horrible time in history and it should not be forgotten. The individuals involved in this experience went through awful things and it is crucial that people learn about this harsh time. In order to prevent a massacre like this from ever happening again, we must continue to teach future generations about the severity of this time. Remembering and memorializing the Holocaust by Holocaust Museums, Holocaust Ceremonies, and Holocaust victims are great ways because each of them support and keep the Holocaust in our thoughts.
We learn about The Holocaust so history does not repeat itself. Nobody wants to be in a group of people or race or religion that society does not want or like. Everybody is the same in some way, but they are also different; and people should repsect that. Just because they are different does not mean they should be blamed or singled out either. We, as the United States, try to prevent something like segregation, The Hololcaust, or wars from happening again because it is the right thing to do and people want to live their normal life. We learn about The Holocaust so we can learn to treat other people with repsect.
The use of capital punishment is a contentious social issue in the United States. Currently, it is a legal sentence in thirty-two states and illegal in eighteen (States With and Without the Death Penalty). Capital punishment, also referred to as the death penalty is “the punishment of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime” (Oxford Dictionaries). A sentencing for the death penalty can be mete out due to a capital offense of treason, murder, arson, or rape. The most commonly used methods for capital punishment include lethal injection, handing, and electrocution. The act of capital punishment is unethical and immoral. Capital punishment is an ineffective method for penalizing criminals, and needs to be abolished from the United States’ criminal justice system.
Our nation learns about The Holocaust to educate oursleves on past mistakes, mistake being an understatement in this case. World War III is one of the number one fears of our nations, which makes it obvious that the devastation World War II caused is something we worry we could not bare once more. Therefore, we study the hurrendous time period of The Holocaust to prevent a reoccurrence of its events. The Holocaust is a major part of our history that deserves recognition by the thoughts of society.
Rome was one of, if not, the most influential civilization in the western world. Rome once ruled the majority of the known western world, yet it was unable to hold that title. The Roman Empire eventually came to an end just like many other civilization, but the reasons for its downfall are still being debated to this day. Rome didn’t disappear overnight it was a steady downfall that consisted of several different symptoms. Symptoms that when combined together created the perfect storm to bring down the most powerful Empire in the world at that time, at least the western portion of it.
Widely considered one of the strongest of the ancient empires to grace Earth, the Roman Empire stood for over one thousand years. Through its humble beginnings along the Tiber river, Rome expanded through near-perpetual aggression to become the dominant force throughout the Mediterranean, Europe, Northern Africa, and the Near East for almost a millennia. As the empire aged, thought, so too did it’s center of focus change. Once rich and prosperous, the Western Roman Empire, and the city of Rome itself, eventually became useful only as a namesake, their wealth and prestige long gone, and with them, the power of the Western Empire. Meanwhile, Rome, as a whole, shifted it’s focus to the prosperous east, which had continued to flourish despite the continued economic struggles of the Empire. At this time, Constantine I creating a new capital at Byzantium, renaming the city to Constantinople. Once Constantinople was established as the center of the empire, the west was mostly forgotten, both by the people and the emperor. The majority of Rome’s Citizens and wealth now hailed from the east, so the western empire was soon treated as an aside by the Eastern Empire and slowly fell into further decline. Many Historians would name a specific event or chain of events that spelled the end for the western half of the Roman empire, but I would argue that the Western Roman Empire did not suddenly collapse because of any one event, rather, it slowly fell over the course of several decades as a result of a multitude of failures. No one body was entirely responsible for Rome’s collapse, instead a combination of a decaying political structure, infighting, a continuously weakened economy, and consistent assaults by germanic tribes eventually caused the ...
People that survived the Holocaust made it their mission to spread the word about their lives and what they witnessed during that time.Because the Holocaust was so widely known and televised, many people made movies, books and other tributes about the holocaust, which also made it more widely known. Many people would debate about the way it was televised being inappropriate. But at the end of the day the main point of the Holocaust came across to the public.Which was that Hitler try to turn the world against people’s ethnicities at which he did not like.
Shropshire, Kenneth L. 1996. In black and white: race and sports in America. New York: New York University Press.
Schackelford, M. (Jul 4, 2009). The Importance of Sports in America. Retrieve for this paper Mar 20, 2014 from, http://bleacherreport.com/articles/211946-the-importance-of-sports-in-america
“Performance Enhancing Drugs: Know the Risks.” Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 12 Dec. 2012. Web. 19 June 2013