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statistics on sex offender registries
statistics on sex offender registries
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There are currently 747,408 registered sex offenders in the United States of America, according to PR Newswire, and the number of registered sex offenders has increased twenty-three percent in the last five years. Most convicted sex offenders have been convicted for crimes of a sexual nature; however, some sex offenders have simply violated a law contained in a sexual category. This is a growing problem in the Unites States that we are having more and more offenders violating sex related crimes. Sex related crimes include sexual assault, statutory rape, bestiality, child sexual abuse, female genital mutilation, incest, rape, and sexual imposition. The two main ones are sexual assault and rape. “Sexual assault and abuse is any type of sexual activity that you do not agree to, including: Inappropriate touching, Vaginal, anal, or oral penetration, Sexual intercourse that you say no to, Rape, Attempted rape, and Child molestation. Sexual assault can be verbal, visual, or anything that forces a person to join in unwanted sexual contact or attention”, (Womenshealh.gov). “Rape is nonconsensual sexual intercourse, often consisting of unwanted intercourse accomplished by means of force or fear. One variation of rape -- called statutory rape -- disregards consent issues and makes it unlawful to have sex with a minor under the age of 18”, (Berman). Sexual crimes like rape for example can have negative effects on the victim.
“Examined reactions to rape by interviewing 27 female rape victims at least 1 yr after the assault and assessing their current functioning through such measures as the Beck Depression Inventory and Profile of Mood States. Victims were significantly more depressed and reported less pleasure in daily activities than 26 mat...
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...ive in certain communities, and live normally. When you are registered you can be searched for on databases where individuals can find you and know you are a sex offender. Also you may be facing some jail time. Anywhere from one year to life in prison for committing a sex related crime. In the future you may even be facing some new punishments. Castration and medication are some of the new ideas to punish or rehabilitate criminals. The good news is there are treatment programs where these sex offenders can be rehabilitated and, if the criminals stay in the programs, they show good success rates. Some of these programs are even offered in prison so sex offenders that are doing time can be rehabilitated so they will be better once they get out of prison and using these programs may lead to reduced prison time. These are some of the penalties for being a sex offender.
The following research will display an overview of the process in Texas on how sex offenders are registered along with the notifications that are followed after registration. Texas, as many other states, has a procedure which requires sex offenders to register with the local law enforcement agencies at the time of their discharge. In addition to registration, they must also comply with further probation regulations. Research has concluded that there are four basic phases of registration and notification. Beginning with offender notified, following the offender registration and community notified and ending with public notification
The United States of America has always supported freedom and privacy for its citizens. More importantly, the United States values the safety of its citizens at a much higher level. Every year more laws are implemented in an attempt to deter general or specific criminal behaviors or prevent recidivism among those who have already committed crimes. One of the most heinous crimes that still occurs very often in the United States is sex offenses against children. Currently, there are over 700,000 registered sex offenders and 265,000 sex offenders who are under correctional supervision. It is estimated that approximately 3% of the offenders who are currently incarcerated will likely commit another sex-related crime upon release (Park & Lee, 2013, p. 26). There are several laws that have been in place regarding sex offenses for decades, including Megan’s Law which was enacted in 1996.
A sexual offender has a greater propensity to commit repeat offenses as compared to other felony offenses (FindLaw, n.d.). A concerning fact referencing sexual offenses reveals that nearly seventy-five percent of victims of sexual assault are juveniles. This was the leading reason for the passing of the law cited as Megan’s Law in 1996 by the federal government. The sex offender registry allows the community to view the sex offenders in their community making them aware of who to be mindful of. The event leading up to the passing of Megan’s law may not have been prevented with the registry act, conversely, it could have alert the child’s parents to be more mindful when allowing to play outside.
Sex offender legislation has been encouraged and written to protect the community and the people at large against recidivism and or to help with the reintegration of those released from prison. Nevertheless, a big question has occurred as to if the tough laws created help the community especially to prevent recidivism or make the situation even worse than it already is. Sex offenders are categorized into three levels for example in the case of the state of Massachusetts; in level one the person is not considered dangerous, and chances of him repeating a sexual offense are low thus his details are not made available to the public (Robbers, 2009). In level two chances of reoccurrence are average thus public have access to this level offenders through local police departments in level three risk of reoffense is high, and a substantial public safety interest is served to protect the public from such individuals.
Merriam Webster defines a sex offender as “a person who has been convicted of a crime involving sex.” (Sex Offender) This definition hits the nail on the head, but there is still the question of why would a person even commit the crimes that would classify them as a sex offender. The answer to this would possibly be that they do not choose. Some people are simply born with more inappropriate tendencies in their mind and if coupled with sexual abuse as a child from a parent or some other adult, then one would have a very scarred person that would eventually start committing heinous acts as well. Statistically, child sex offenders deceive and entice there victims into compliance instead of using physical force or violence to achieve their intentions. (Megan’s Law) This means that not only are they mentally ill, but they can also be very smart and manipulative, which is
Although they may be out of jail, they cannot be considered free. They are unable to make their own decisions: where they can work, where they can live, and how they can live their lives are all under control of the government. These people look the same as everyone else, but underneath the mask, lay a title they cannot shake. These people are sex offenders. A sex offender is defined as anyone who has committed a sexual crime. These crimes range from serious crimes, like rape, to minor offenses, such as urinating in public, or under age consensual sex. All sex offenders are placed on the registry and are required to follow a careful protocol. Registered sex offenders are paired with a Community Corrections Officer (CCO) who oversees and supervises the offender's actions. Many restrictions are placed on the offender, and although the laws can vary from state to state, there are some basic restrictions that apply to every offender. Some of these restrictions include: a sex offender cannot move without the permission and approval of their CCO, they can only live and work in certain areas, they cannot own any firearms, their personal computers are monitored and controlled by their CCO (many websites are blocked, including pornographic content), they are not allowed to take or consume any mind altering substances such as drugs or even alcohol, and they are required to get regular counseling (“Rules”). Currently there are 747,408 registered sex offenders in the United States. Some states such as Delaware and Oregon have a higher concentration of sex offenders (500 per 100,000) where as Pennsylvania has the lowest concentration of sex offenders (94 per 100,000) (“Sex Offender Statistics”). Due to the inefficiencies ...
3. Report of the Interagency Council on Sex Offender Treatment to the Senate Interim Committee on Health and Human Services and the Senate Committee on Criminal Justice, 1993
There are several identifiable psychological factors that increase the likelihood an individual will demonstrate deviant sexual behavior. One of the most important contributing factors is physical or sexual abuse endured as a child. According to Becerra-García, García-León and Egan (2012), sex offenders are twice as likely to report being sexually, emotionally, or physically abused as a child in comparison to other offenders. There are also other factors besides abuse that must be taken into consideration. A recent study on female sex offenders by Roe-Sepowitz and Krysik (2008) states, “the data reveal that many of the 118 female juvenile sex offenders came from chaotic and disorganized families and had poor parental supervision and serious school and mental health problems”. As Becerra-García, García-León and Egan (2012) discuss further, there are also personality traits that sex offenders are likely to possess, which makes it possible for psychologists to distinguish general characteristics of sex offenders. These personality traits can be identified using the Five Factor Model, which scales an individual’s level of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.
When it comes to the charges different states have different way of charging the sex offender. They can serve a short or longer sentence and still end up getting probation, however; they would have to register on the sex offender list. Back in 2008 South Carolina has passed a new law that sex offenders/ pedphiles have to be 100 ft from schools, daycares, neighborhoods. play grounds and etc. In this article call trial theory mentions “ In South Carolina legislation also change the first offense, failure to report to register, making it a misdemeanor punishable by no more than 30 days, where it had previously carried a mandatory 90 days in jail “(Trail Theory). Now if the sex offenders do not register they would end up getting a second offense which will give them a year in jail. While the third offense is up to 3 to 5 years if they didn't register. If the person is being convicted than that's when they serve some years. The article Steiner has written goes off and states that “first degree criminal sexual conduct with a minor will serve between a minor who is 10 or younger, and a defendant of any age. This offense incurs up to 30 years in prison without the possibility of parole. Then when it comes to the 2nd charge Steiner writes “Second degree criminal sexual conduct with a minor occurs when there is sexual penetration between a minor who is 11, 12, or 13, and a defendant of any age. It also includes penetration
Sexual offenders have been a problem that has faced the criminal justice system for a long time. Sexual offenders come in all different types. Most sexual offenders look like anyone else walking down the street. It is very hard to pick out a sexual offender from a crowd of people unless one knows that person or has seen their case broadcasted on the local news. Sexual offenders can have different variations of the sexual offense they have been convicted on. Some sexual offenders are sentenced for statutory rape, others for pedophilic offenses and others for violent sexual assaults. Each one of these offenses has a completely different thought process and level of violence associated with it. All of these offenses devastate the victim and has long lasting effects on the victim’s life. Also, sexual offenders are more likely to commit another offense. Usually with child molesters the child they were prosecuted for molesting is not typically their first victim. Most of the time the compulsion to reoffend is too hard for the offenders to resist. The correctional system, which is a part of the criminal justice system, needs to keep all of this in mind when paroling sexual offenders back into the community. The community deserves to be protected at all costs from these offenders.
The acceptance that the court system often treats female offenders differently than male offenders is an accurate statement; however, it comes with many caveats. Generally, the public views women as nurturers, motherly and incapable of harming a child. Research indicates that female sex offenders capable of committing such acts have serious psychiatric and psychological problems. In comparison, research indicates male sex offenders are more callous, more antisocial, and promiscuous, involved in the criminal justice system, and have more victims (Miccio-Fenseca, 2012, slide 7). The consensus is that men commit their acts for sexual pleasure while women commit their acts due to psychiatric and psychological problems. Law enforcement, juries, and judges tend to empathize more when there are additional mitigating factors such as emotional or psychological problems. Due to these mitigating factors, it appears treatment of female sex offenders is more lenient than male if their crimes are similar in nature. Research by Miccio-Fenseca (2012) indicates that in comparison to their male counterparts, “female sex offenders rarely use force or violence far less than often…rarely use threats of violence to silence victims…rarely use threats o...
Sex offenders have been a serious problem for our legal system at all levels, not to mention those who have been their victims. There are 43,000 inmates in prison for sexual offenses while each year in this country over 510,000 children are sexually assaulted(Oakes 99). The latter statistic, in its context, does not convey the severity of the situation. Each year 510,000 children have their childhood's destroyed, possibly on more than one occasion, and are faced with dealing with the assault for the rest of their lives. Sadly, many of those assaults are perpetrated by people who have already been through the correctional system only to victimize again. Sex offenders, as a class of criminals, are nine times more likely to repeat their crimes(Oakes 99). This presents a
Two of the sex offenders from the Worley study reported that during Halloween they are told by law enforcement to not answer the door or have outside lights on. Also, local television networks broadcast their picture to warn others of their sex offender status. This then leads to much embarrassment and shame, having their picture televised every year (Worley, R. M., & Worley, V. B., 2013). Today, anyone with Internet access can view and search the sex offender registries and this leads to the direct violation of privacy of these sex offenders. Not only are they tormented but their family members are as well. Their children are bullied at school and their spouses may be forced to quit their jobs (“US: Sex Offender Laws May Do More Harm Than Good,” 2007) As discussed earlier, the sex offender faces harassment and abuse constantly when they are placed on the sex offender
Sex offenders are those who commits a crime involving a sexual activity. This can be a male or female. Many people have different views on sex offenders. Some have the belief that sex offenders deserve to die off in jail, while there are others that believe they should get a slap on the hand. Although dealing with sex offenders would never be an easy task to take on there has been changes within the system that has helped identify these offenders. With new laws and technology being created the community is now more prepared for these offenders to return to the community.
Richard Tewksbury’s research shows, “One large study of Uniform Crime Report trends in 15 states indicated that registration seems to have contributed to a reduction in sexual recidivism, but community notification has not” (Tewksbury 612). In fact, society and government should strengthen and adjust the source of sex offenders rather than force on the result which sex offenders have already registered. Registered sex offender information gives to sex offender’s family negative effects more than its functionality. Also Tewksbury’s experiment showed, because of legal restrictions, when sex offenders choice housing, they should be far away from school, day care center, amusement parks and other public places with specified distances ranging from 500 to 2500 feet (620). As a result, a large proportion of the housing is not available for sex offenders. They have to move to a faraway community, and they will lose part of their relatives. Sex offenders no longer live close to their family, the place is far away from work and public transportation. This action has increased registered sex offenders financial