Pediatric and Adult Migraines
Many people are surprised to find that children get migraines. It is one of those illnesses that are associated with adults only. A migraine is an intense, pounding headache with nausea that occurs infrequently. The headache starts around the eyes, the forehead, or the sides of the head. Bright lights and loud noises also make the headache worse, and any movements make this headache worse. Migraines last from a few hours to a few days in serious cases (1).
Over 8 million children get migraines a year, which results in over 1 million lost schooldays cumulatively. 20% of adolescents in high school suffer from migraines as well. Pediatric migraines commonly stop when a child becomes an adult. Migraines occurring prior to puberty are about evenly split between boys and girls, and after puberty many more girls than boys experience them. Older children experience migraine pain typically on only one side of the head. Younger children, however, experience pain on both sides of the head. Some people also see a "warning aura," which is a pattern of lines or shadows in front of their eyes as the headache starts (2). Types of migraines are therefore classified as either common (no aura warning) or classic (with aura warning). Aura symptoms usually occur 30 to 60 minutes before the acute headache and generally are resolved by that time (3).
Why are pediatric and adult migraines different?
There are many different stimulants that trigger a migraine headache. Certain foods, like cheese, processed meats, chocolate, caffeine, MSG, nuts, or pickles are common triggers. Stress and too much exercise can also trigger an attack (1).
Most children with migraines have a family history of ...
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5) Aromaa, M. et al. "Pain Experience of Children With Headache and their Families: A Controlled Study." Pediatrics 106 (2000): 270-275
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6) Hermann, C. and Blanchard, E.B. "Psychophysiological Reactivity in Pediatric Migraine Patients and Healthy Controls." Journal of Psychosomatic Research44:2 (1998): 229-240.
7)Sartory, G. et al. "A comparison of psychological and pharmacological treatment of pediatric migraine." Behaviour Research and Therapy 36 (1998): 1155-1170.
8) Pivate Pharmacological Information site, greeat online pharmacist answers to questions about metoprolol medication.
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/metopro.htm
9) Gerber, Wolf-Dieter et al. "Slow cortical potentials in migraine families are associated with psychosocial factors." Journal of Psychosomatic Research
52 (2002): 215-222.
eyes of a child who has absolutely no idea why everything around him has suddenly
More research is constantly being conducted on the safety and efficacy of psychotropic medication use by children. Nevertheless, time will indeed show if these kinds of medications will prove to be entirely beneficial for those that have taken them, or if they will end up hindering healthy development and causing irreparable, long time damage. If parents take the time to research the findings of studies that have already been conducted about these medications they, along with their child’s doctor, can make better informed decisions as to what may be the best approach for helping their child who may be experiencing psychological issues. Through the use of alternative treatments such as behavioral training or psychological counseling parents may realize that medications are not the only way to alleviate symptoms of a child’s psychological disorder.
In the article “Exercising the Body Politic” by Theodora A. Jankowski, the revolutionary attitudes of the Duchess of Malfi are examined. One claim Jankowski makes about the Duchess is the nature, and existence, of her marriage to Antonio. Of all her actions, the Duchess’ decision to marry is the most subversive decision she makes in the play because she takes what is traditionally a way to continue the oppression of a women and makes it an occasion meant to satisfy her own happiness.
Concussions are an injury that falls under the Traumatic Brain Injury category. A concussion occurs when a force causes the brain to rock back and forth inside the skull, and hit the interior walls of the skull. When this happens it can result in bruising on two parts of the brain, the Coup and the Countercoup. This may result in Loss of consciousness, confusion, headaches, nausea or vomiting, blurred vision, and loss of short-term memory. I know from experience the nausea and blurred vision. I noticed that during what I thought was a concussion though after the initial hits my ears would ring and give me very painful headaches.
Lees, AJ. "The On-Off Phenomenon." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. 1989, suppl. ,pp. 29-37.
Soon, more children started to experience similar episodes.
Almost all the sources have indicated that there are little to no benefits of keeping a brain dead patient on ventilation. Taking a closer look into; brain dead criteria; organ donation; the cost of keeping a patient on life support and case studies on those who have been misdiagnosed it will be possible to draw an accurate conclusion on whether or not there are benefits of keeping a brain dead patient on life support.
Walkup, J. T. (2012, January 26). Best Medications for Kids With Anxiety . Best Medications
Concussions are an injury to the brain caused by bump, or blow to the head or body. They can occur even when you haven’t even been knocked unconscious. Concussions can not be seen, but you can notice when someone has received one. (Center for Disease Control). The symptoms are Headaches, nausea, vomiting, balance problems, blurry vision, and memory problems or confusion. Also difficulty paying attention, bothered by lights or loud noises and feeling sluggish are sure symptoms of a concussion. (CDC 2). Even though concussions can’t be fully prevented, scientists are doing their best to find ways to decrease the amount of concussions that happen per year.
.... A comparison of the newer treatment options for ADHD. Formulary, 38 (1), pp. 38
...ression, motivational syndrome, and even death. The brain damage has been shown to cause memory loss and difficulty in problem solving. In males, it will lower testosterone levels, lower sperm count, and may cause impotence. In females, marijuana may have some effects on pregnancy and can also cause birth defects. Legalization of marijuana could eventually lead to the legalization of harder drugs. Slowly progressing till it becomes possible for harder drugs to gain acceptance. Drugs like heroin, cocaine, and amphetamines, which many view now as unacceptable could eventually be up for legalization.
March, J. S., (1997). Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children: Technical manual. North Tonawanda, NY: Multi Health Systems, Inc.
In The Duchess of Malfi the Duchess is a powerful and independent widow who defies her male kinsmen by ignoring their warning against her remarrying, a steward beneath her station, as they view this second marriage as an act of dishonor against the family. The Duchess, a character that is in control of her actions, displays a strength and sense of pride that successfully personifies the contradictory traits of “manly” behavior while maintaining the feminine appearance needed to uphold the balance in-between the barricades of social confines. Webster contrasts the weaknesses of the male character to reveal the superiority of the Duchess over the male characters, the Cardinal, Bosola, Ferdianand, and Antonio are all juxtaposed to the qualities of the Duchess showing her true rule over them.
However, the negative impact was a horrible depletion of natural resources in Malaya because the British took the resources and exported them out and left not much for the locals anymore. Despite the negative effects had brought bad impact to the country, it was also one of the things that have strengthened the country. It had provided an acceleration of development for the country.
The Duke of Ferrara was made jealous by everything the duchess did, no matter how unimportant it was. He was especially jealous of Fra Pandolf, the man who painted the duchess in the poem. A woman should be pleased only by her husband, as was not the case with the duchess and Fra Pandolf. She was “too easily impressed'; by the painter (line 23). Fra Pandolf was not the only man that made the duke jealous. Everyone who passed the duchess received “much the same smile'; as the duke (line 44). The duke expected to be the only man to receive a smile from his wife.