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Feminism in the 19th century essay
Feminism in the 1800s
Feminism effects on women in society
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the culture of patriarchal and gender equality stereotypes. Often the freedom of women was seen as freedom from marital bonds. It can be noted that already in the second half of the 19th century, the idea of the liberation of women by labour was generally supported by society. But there was a problem - women did not have sufficient skills for work. Thus, an urgent need was created for women to receive a special education. The women’s movement for emancipation in the nineteenth century was dedicated to the fight for higher education.
Criticising the family and marriage and the lack of any alternative, the first feminists laid the basis for the transformation of female attitudes and awareness in the world. Gradually attempts began to transform the traditional gender stereotypes from patriarchal to gender equality. The emergence of feminism was legitimate due to social and economic changes and changes associated with the growth of female attempts to determine their place in a changing world. Under the influence of the ideas of feminism the concept emerged of "sex/gender" having a place in society and affecting production and culture as a whole.
Gender as a distinction in cultural assessments structured the public consciousness in a way that raises androcentrism and sexism (Chodorow, 1999). Gender as a politico-economic distinction
The European feminist tradition identifies with a society which seeks to transform the radical patriarchal stereotypes toward the equality to all people. Feminism becomes an indicator of not only the development of female identity, but the motivating factor to rethink the interaction of human life and the influence of gender on its structure. The gender is inseparably linked with the social, cultural, economic and political structures of
As mentioned above, women’s role were unjust to the roles and freedoms of the men, so an advanced education for women was a strongly debated subject at the beginning of the nineteenth century (McElligott 1). The thought of a higher chance of education for women was looked down upon, in the early decades of the nineteenth century (The American Pageant 327). It was established that a women’s role took part inside the household. “Training in needlecraft seemed more important than training in algebra” (327). Tending to a family and household chores brought out the opinion that education was not necessary for women (McElligott 1). Men were more physically and mentally intellectual than women so it was their duty to be the educated ones and the ones with the more important roles. Women were not allowed to go any further than grammar school in the early part of the 1800’s (Westward Expansion 1). If they wanted to further their education beyond grammar, it had to be done on their own time because women were said to be weak minded, academically challenged and could n...
The critical rank for reducing gender inequalities should be education, labor force participation, and lastly, wages. There are obvious differences between men and women whether it’s anatomically, financially, and so forth. The gender inequalities women face compared to men is alarming and saddening. Gender stereotypes reinforce gender inequalities because stereotypes can often be internalized which results in biases against either sex. These biases against a person can result in negative results. Gender inequality has been within our society for a long time especially amongst women.
In the household codes of the New Testament the traditional patriarchal social order is reaffirmed, not simply for secular society, but for Christian community. The concept that children are to obey their parents, wives their husbands and slaves their masters is restated in no fewer than five places in the New Testament: Ephesians, Colossians, 1 Timothy, Titus, and 1 Peter. Conversely all subjugated persons can be viewed as relations of wives to husbands, children to father, and servants to masters. Patriarchalism refers to the total structure of society in all theses types of relations of domination and subjugation; sons to father, wives to husband, and slaves to masters. Also, there is delegated domination and subjugation within the paternal
Feminism is a group of movements and ideologies that have a common goal: the political, economic and social equality of the sexes ("Feminism," 2015). Historians have debated the origin of feminism (Rampton, 2015). Did it begin with the greek poetess Sappho? Or with the french author, Christine de Pizan, who is regarded as the the first woman to take up her pen in defense of her sex (Beauvoir, 1953, p. 105)? Women throughout history have challenged society's attitudes when it comes to the female gender and their contributions overtime have made a great impact for women all around the world today. It was around the eighteenth century when Mary Wollstonecraft, often distinguished as the first feminist philosopher, advocated for the same respect and rights for the female sex. However, it was not until the late nineteenth century, that the feminist movement, or rather a series of movements, emerged.
Recently the concerns of women around their equality in society has become a hotly debated topic in the public spot light. Much of the debate concerns women and the ingrained sexism that permeates most cultures. Many women's activists feel that this ingrained sexism has widened the gap between men and women in a political, social, and economic sense. And for the most part they do have strong evidence to support these claims. Women have suffered through millennia of male dominated societies where treatment of women has been, and in some cases still is, inhuman. Women are treated like subhuman creatures that have only exist to be used for procreate and to be subjugated by men for household use. It has only been very recently that women have become recognized as equals in the eyes of men. Equals in the sense that they have the same political and social rights as males. While the situation has improved, women still have to deal with a male oriented world. Often women in the workplace are thought of as inferior and as a liability. This can be due to concerns about maternity leave, or women with poor leadership skills. But also in part it is due because of the patriarchy that controls all aspects and dynamics of the culture, family, politics, and economy. Even developed countries like The United Kingdom, United States, Germany, and France, could be classified as a patriarchies. These countries may not agree with this notion because of expansive, but not complete changes, that have gradually equalized women in society. However, there are developed countries that openly express a patriarchy and have enacted little societal changes to bring equality to women. Japan is one such country, and t...
Throughout nineteenth century Europe and leading into the twentieth century, the division and integration of equal rights and liberties towards both genders was a predominant issue. From the 1860’s and beyond, male suffrage was expanding due to working-class activism and liberal constitutionalism, however women were not included in any political participation and were rejected from many opportunities in the workforce. They were considered second-class citizens, expected to restrict their sphere of influence to the home and family, and therefore not encouraged to pursue a beneficial education or career. Because they were seen as such weak entities, the only way they were able to advocate their interests and dissatisfaction was through their own independent organizations and forms of direct action. With hard work towards improving women’s involvement in the workforce and towards political emancipation, womanhood gradually became redefined. When looking back on these crucial times in history, it is necessary to view how various images and ideas of females represented such integral symbols in modern Europe that influenced the pivotal changes they succeeded in putting forward. Earlier photos show women in society as solely conforming to what society wants them to be, however later this changes and images of women go against what is seen as appropriate and advertise the efforts made towards gender equality.
In a society where equality is constantly fought over, there are bound to be disputes. Feminism, the movement to create empowerment and equal rights for women, has been criticized by those who argue who, what, and how feminism should be fought with. Many conservative feminists believe that succumbing to men’s pleasure is never the answer, whereas “lipstick” feminists believe that they should be able to use all of their essence in order to establish equality. However, society needs both women and men equally. Feminism shouldn’t focus on how women reach that equality, but rather to reach that point of equality in the first place; with anything they got.
Feminist Theory is an aspect of considering feminism as having been based on socio-phenomenon issues rather than biological or scientific. It appreciates gender inequality, analyzes the societal roles played by feminists in a bid to promote the interests, issues and rights of women in the society. It is also based on the assumption that women play subsidiary roles in the society. The whole idea of feminism has however experienced hurdles in the form of stereotyping by the wider society. This paper tries to examine some of the effects of stereotypes that feminism goes through, what other philosophers say and the way forward towards ending stereotyping.
For centuries, women have struggled to find their place in society. Women have always been seen as physically and intellectually inferior to men, and society’s stereotypes are the reason for it. Society standards are telling women how to act and how to look, and these stereotypes have an immense effect on how we expect women to be. The Europeans were no exception to this. Before the Victorian era, women were viewed as being lesser than and not quite matching up to men. However, the Victorian era brought about great change for the women’s movement. The Victorian era was detrimental to the evolution of women’s education, basic rights, and perception that developed a new way of thinking for all of Europe.
The feminist movement in the United States and abroad was a political and social movement that pursued the establishment of equality for women. The movement changed the lives of many women and created a profound effect on American society during the twentieth century. Throughout the first two decades of the century, women 's groups in the United States operated together to win women 's suffrage, concluding in the approval of a constitutional amendment in 1920 that guaranteed women the right to vote. During the late twentieth century, women 's organizations would once again group together, this time to verbalize and advocate for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). Feminists also influenced literature during this time period. Novels regarding feminist beliefs started to appear, such as Betty Freidan’s “The Feminine Mystique” (1963), which is considered to impact the start of the second wave of feminism. Other forms of literature were starting to express these opinions as well. Lorraine Hansberry’s play, “A Raisin in the Sun” is a key example of sexual and political inequality shown in literature, and depicts a mother
Feminism is a perspective that views gender as one of the most important bases of the structure and organization of the social world. Feminists argue that in most known societies this structure has granted women lower status and value, more limited access to valuable resources, and less autonomy and opportunity to make choices over their lives than it has granted men. (Sapiro 441)
Over time, feminism has gained a negative label in the society. The society, especially men view feminism as women’s fight for superiority over men. In addition, they view feminist as people who are whining, and complaining women who have hatred towards men. There is a lot of misinterpretation and ignorance on the feminism cause, but it is there to remain and fight against the rights and comfort of women in the society. Feminism has changed the world and made women happier; therefore, it should not be viewed negatively in the society.
For centuries, women struggle to obtain equality with men. They are invisible and not given opportunities because of their gender. Feminism is the matter of consideration in social, political, and economic equality of the sexes. The feminist movement has been the key to give the rights to women who have been stricken of their equality and privileges that men had fail to give them. It is believed that women have every right to be equal with men and feminism is achieving this gradually. Feminism is favorable to the men, women, and their families because it gives an equal opportunity in life
One can hardly talk of a single united feminism, but rather, manifold feminisms. The US feminist movement ‘s main global struggle has been to enable ‘womankind’ to fully lead her existence and live her humanity by standing against the injustices of the dominant patriarchy and sexist discrimination . Throughout history, the dominant mainstream Feminism ( with capital F) tends to have been related to conform to the aspiration of the educated middle-class heterosexual white women who have traditionally been given unequal power to widen their significance--but the movement has lately had more ramifications. Currently, there are different kinds of feminism whose disagreements stem from fundamental intrinsic understanding of what feminism, sexism or phallocentrism mean. Each trend views it from a different perspective as in accordance with its motives or concerns. Nonetheless, they share common claims as to “the body, class and work, disability, the family, globalization, human rights, popular culture, race and racism, reproduction, science, the self, sex work, and sexuality.”
Gender equality is most definitely a basic human right; however, “gender inequalities remain deeply entrenched in every society” (UN, 2011) today. A project that is attempting to improve gender equality is Millennium Development Goal number three, which is aimed at promoting gender equality and empowering women. However, the UN (2011) states that this millennium development goal cannot be reached if 50% of the world’s people are not afforded equal rights and opportunities. Hillary Clinton (2014) states, “the role and rights of women, their freedom, equality and dignity is the unfinished business of the 21st century.” The themes that will be explored in this paper are the need to empower women, education, and reproductive health. My learning on gender equality has been substantial, and ultimately makes me want to promote positive change for women throughout the world. I believe that it is essential to see women as a cardinal part of the society of which they live in, as they make up 50% of the world today.