Pathophysiology Of Sepsis

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Fall 2017 Written Assignment PNE 110: Sepsis
Paulina K. Pullin
Dabney S. Lancaster Community College

Pathophysiology of sepsis:
Sepsis is also called Septicemia and is a poisoning of the blood. This is an attack of bacteria into the bloodstream. Sepsis does not need blood poisoning to occur; it can affect multiple organs or the entire body without it happening. Sepsis is the body’s systematic inflammatory response to a bacterial infection (Jones, 2017). The infection can also have a wound or chest infection or can be spread throughout the entire body. Sepsis’ definition is “a life-threatening condition that arises when the body’s response to infection injures its own tissues and organs” (McClelland, 2014). Sepsis is a leading …show more content…

This can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and eventually death. The Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (qSOFA) criteria is: assess adults for respiratory rate ≥ 22 breaths for every minute, you should look for an altered mental status, and the systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≤ 100 mmHg (Subtle Signs of Sepsis, 2017). The presence of any two of these criteria in a patient with known infection should get additional evaluation for organ dysfunction. Septic Shock is a more severe case of sepsis. It is related to a higher risk of mortality. Septic Shock is defined as refractory hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation requiring vasoactive medications to maintain MAP > 65 mmHg and lactate > 2 mmol/L (Subtle Signs of Sepsis, 2017). Sepsis is determined by a patient presenting two or more SIRS and a suspected infective source is thought to have sepsis. Further screening for signs of organ dysfunction (severe sepsis) and risk of mortality are needed. SIRS is a Systemic inflammatory response syndrome. It is a number of signs that the body is reacting to a range of injuries or illnesses and is not specific to infection. The following are symptoms of sepsis: an altered mental status, a cough, dyspnea, tachypnea, a respiration rate of > 22 breaths/min, tachycardia (heart rate > 90 beats/min), arterial hypotension (SBP (-- removed HTML --) 40 mmHG) (Subtle Signs of Sepsis, 2017). The …show more content…

Antibiotics that are broad-spectrum should be given within one hour of sepsis being identified, making sure to identify the patient’s allergies. The antibiotic choice will depend on the source of infection. Review antibiotic therapy daily to reduce toxicity, and risk of resistance (McClelland, 2014). One of the most common antibiotics used for the treatment of sepsis is cefTRIAXone. The generic name for this medication is Rocephin. The drug classification for cefTRIAXone is anti-infectives. CefTRIAXone is used for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections. The route and amount of dosage for cefTRIAXone is IV(Adults): Most infections—1–2 g every 12–24 hr (CefTRIAXone, 2017). Another common antibiotic used in the treatment of sepsis is cefTAZidime. The generic name for this medication is Fortaz. The drug classification for cefTAZidime is anti-infectives. CefTAZidime is used for the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible organisms: Skin and skin structure infections. The route and amount of dosage for CefTAZidime is IV(Adults and Children >12yr): Severe and life-threatening infections—2 g every 8 hr (CefTAZidime, 2017). The antibiotics are administered intravenously (IV) (Mayo Clinic,

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