Baumrind (1967, 1971) proposed that the effectiveness of parenting styles for children’s personality development reflects two aspects: parental warmth which refers to the degree to which parents are accepting and responsive of their children’s behavior as opposed to being unresponsive and rejecting. This includes qualities such as responsiveness, warmth, availability. The other aspect is parental control which refers to the degree to which parents manage their children’s behavior—from being very controlling to setting few rules and demands which features qualities such as demandingness, monitoring, consistent discipline. (Kopko, 2007). Based on these assumptions, Baumrind distinguished between three qualitatively different types of parenting styles each which encompasses various emotional elements and with implications for children’s emotional and personality development. (Kordi & Baharudin, 2010). Authoritative parenting style entails clear and firm direction to children. Authoritative parents utilize firm, consistent control, centered around integrating the child into the family and society. Communication styles with children are characterized by warmth, clarity, reciprocality, and verbal give and take between parent and child. (Cummings, Davies & Campbell,
The Psychology of Parenting Styles
Would you have come out different if your parents used a different parenting style? If you are considered “cool” now could you have come out a nerd if your parents would have used a different parenting style? “Parenting style is one of the primary determinants of your child’s outcome whether he succeeds, achieves, meets the challenges, flounders, gives up, or runs from or fails in handling life.” (6) The purpose of this paper is to describe the outcomes, processes, labor, and techniques of parenting in a psychological point of view. Parenting styles are defined as the “manner in which parents express their beliefs on how to be a good or bad parent.”
Parenting is one of the things in life where there is not a rulebook and there are a lot of beliefs on how to raise children. Parents tend to raise their children based on their childhood experiences whether they were good or bad. Some parents raise their children just like they were raised and some raise their children differently because they don’t agree with the way their parents raised them. Parenting styles are based on the ideals and beliefs parents have about raising their children. Research shows that parenting styles directly affect how children behave in and out of school. Students may be presented with
Parents have many strategies when it comes to managing the behavior of their children. People’s parenting style depends on the communication between them and their child and the amount of loving care and attention the child receives. It also depends on how clear and consistent the rules are and what the parent expects from the child. Many types of parenting styles exist and affect children in many ways; it has a high correlation with how well the child does in school, violence, sexual activity, depression, and alcohol and substance abuse. Overall, the way parents raise their children plays a big role in how their kids behave.
A parent’s parenting styles are as diverse as the world we live in today. Nowadays, parents only want what is best for their children and their parenting styles plays a crucial role in the development of children which will in the long run, not only effect the child’s childhood years, but later prolong into their adult life as well.
Diana Baumrind’s Three Common Parenting Styles
During Diana Baumrind’s research as a developmental psychologist, she concluded that parents fall under three different styles of parenting: Authoritarian, Permissive, and Authoritative. Baumrind’s styles were based on how one disciplines and nurtures their child (Cherry, n.d., p. 1). Authoritarian parents make discipline the highest priority when raising their children. They do not see any grey area about discipline (Belsky, 2013, p. 205). Rules, and enforcement of rules, are never left up to discussion.
Parenting styles are the way that parents discipline, raise, and show their affection to their children. The book defines parenting methods as, “how, and to what extent, parents seek to control their children” (Meyers & Dewall). The book also lists three different styles of parenting, defining them as authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative. The mindset of the child, how the child deals with social interactions, and the overall mental health of the child can all be affected depending on the parenting styles that their parents choose to use.
Since the beginning of time there have been parents, caregivers, or people who have taken care of children or those who play an important role in the upbringing of children from birth to adulthood. According to Webster’s online dictionary parenting can best be described as the act of taking care of a child or someone with a mother, father or someone other than a mother or father in that particular role. Parenting styles, however are those practices that have been “typically categorized as the parents’ interactions with their children”, as introduced by Basset, Snyder, Rogers and Collins (2013). These interactions tend to be focused on a response of a child to help promote and support physical, emotion, social and intellectual development,
Parenting Styles
Parent has changed with the years. Spanking a child was okay in the past, but is frowned upon. Some parents believe in talking through situations. “In any society, parenting beliefs are a reflection of that society 's cultural values and traditions” (Hulei, Zevenbergen, & Jacobs, 2006).
Parenting causes a large impact in the upbringing of a child. Many cultures and different families believe in different disciplining styles, and each different kind of parenting style influences the child’s future. Although there are millions of families and each has their unique ways of raising their children, the different parenting styles can be classified into 4 major categories. According to research conducted by psychologist Diana Baumrind in the late 1960’s, the major discipline styles are Authoritative, Authoritarian, and Permissive (1967). Later on, a fourth parenting style, Uninvolved parenting, was added.