The author of the argument states that baskets characterized by a specific pattern have only been found in the vicinity of the Palea village. However, the writer explains that baskets with the same distinctive patterns have been recently found in the vicinity of Lithos village. Furthermore, the author makes clear that these two villages were separated by a deep and broad river which could be crossed only by boat. Nevertheless, no Palean boats were ever found. Providing these premises, the author attempts to persuade his or her readers to agree that the baskets with distinctive Palean pattern have been manufactured by the craftsmen of other villages as well. While the author's conclusion is persuasive, he or she fails to supply a hand full of extra evidences, that, when specified, will undermine the validity of the argument. …show more content…
The writer states that there was no way to transport the baskets between villages, because no Palean boats were found. However, the author fails to acknowledge that there are other means of crossing a body of water. For example, it is well known that ancient cultures were building intricate and strong bridges. Roman empire is a perfect paradigm of such a nation. They are famous for introducing to the world the strong arch bridges that are very efficient and safe. Also, Chinese, Mesopotamian and Japanese ancient empires are famous for building intricate viaducts as well. Stating this, it is well possible that either people of Palea or Lithos were able to construct a bridge that was uniting the two communities. Since the author does not provide any information regarding the existence of water overpasses , it is impossible to determine whether the Palean baskets were manufactured by other villages as well or they were just imported over a
When the country was founded, the geography was a bigger obstacle than it is today. Before the Industrial Revolution, the primary way to move anything was on water. Rivers and Oceans were the original roads and the fastest and least expensive way to move goods. Most of the population "[was] located either at tidewater or along broad, navigable streams that could not be used to produce much water power" (Nye 44). These geographic features made it possible to move items to areas further away from the coast. Moving things one of the three modes of land transport, "by foot, on a horse, or in a wheeled vehicle" (Cowan 94) were too expensive and difficult with no developed roads. People began to look for ways to make this travel more affordable by creating waterways like the Eire canal to connect places. However, most were unsuccessful and the idea passed. Steam engines also made river travel more feasible. It was not difficult to take a barge full of goods down river; however, it would take months to pole the boat back upriver and usually was not even attempted.
The land directly surrounding the settlement was usually flooded during the times of high water. In addition to this stretch, there were about eight hundred and fifty acres of heavily timbered forest lands on the island an...
Debate started to arise when an archaeologist by the name of Thomas D. Dillehay found artifacts of people existing 14,600 years ago, before Clovis, in Monte Verde, a site in southern Chile. These people slept in hide tents, had access to seafood and potatoes, and shared similar characteristics to other artifacts found in North Ame...
With the lack of canals or other means of transportation, it was almost impossible for many farmers to reach distant cities or waterways to get their goods to market.
thousand years ago: “Tequesta Indians”. A variety of artifacts were found in this site and
- test the theory that this site represented a localised settlement shift from the SW;
5. Howe, Helen, and Robert T. Howe. From the Ancient and Medieval Worlds. N.p.: Longman, 1992. Print.
The development of canal, steam boats and railroads provided a transportation network that linked different regions of the nation together. When farmers began migrating westward and acquiring land for crops, cheaper forms of transportation provided the means to transfer their goods to other regions for s...
While digging in the far reaches of the African outback, now know as the western part of Kenya, archaeologist Bozo excavated a site that revolutionized the thoughts of the scientific world. At this site they found many interesting artifacts and paintings that included proof of an early civilization. At this time scientists are calling this civilization “Pontu” after one of the paintings suggested that a pontoon was used for transportation across Lake Victoria, one of the adjacent lakes.
middle of paper ... ... they traveled in a way that resembles the gondolas of Vennice italy. They would take poles that reached the river bottom and walk from the front of the boat to the back. They also sailed, rowed and even waded in the water and pulled the boat. To cross mountains they put there gear on horses.
This made a change from dugouts to the use of birch bark. Birch Bark canoes started in the 1800’s in Canada. Various people such as, Native Americans, missionaries, and trappers, would use this type of canoe for travel through the North American waterways (Winkler). The bark itself would be strong enough to carry large loads that normally dugouts could not hold, as well as, be light enough to be carried across land and used again. Continuing, the canoe was completely waterproof, causing a smooth flowing canoe, therefore, the people paddling would not have to worry about their items getting wet when being transported. These canoes could also be fixed easily, because of the material being used was so available, therefore, even if this canoe broke a little, it can be prepared fast and easy. Birch bark canoes started a new form of transportation in the way that they could run all sorts of water flows. From rapids to slow moving backwaters, this canoe could adapt it’s function. When European explorers came over, they immediately found an interest to the birch bark canoes and decided to bring them back over to Europe. Expansion of the birch bark canoe, soon developed all over the world. Transportation, was in fact, made easier through the use of the birch bark canoe, due to it’s easy accessibility and it being
“Somewhere, a long time ago, he dimly recalled telling somebody, an English collector of some sort, that this genuine, authentic Naskapi canoe was in fact Abanaki, and he should buy it and take it back with him to Europe to impress all his friends. In fact, now that he took the time to concentrate on the issue, he realized that he may have done that quite frequently over time. With a lot of canoes, and a lot of academics, among other things. Maybe some of the mistakes in the
With very little textual information available from this time period, archaeologists knew very little about the items that were traded, cultures that traded with each other, and the trade routes. The Ulu Burun shipwrecks acts as a time...
Through examining these texts, it is evident that the advantages historians have when drawing on evidence such as this is that they can easily reveal certain social and cultural values of the society from which the authors came from, just as easily as it shows social and cultural values of the society of which it was written about. The limitations for historians when collecting written evidence is that some key features of the complex civilizations written about were often left out or could be easily misinterpreted or
According to The Society for American Archaeology, the definition of Archaeology is, “to obtain a chronology of the past, a sequence of events and dates that, in a sense, is a backward extension of history.” The study of ancient civilizations and archaeology is rather ambiguous due to the primitive nature of the time period. With little imagery and even less textual evidence, professionals in the field must work diligently when studying their subjects. Naturally, archaeologists cannot see or communicate with those whom they are studying, so they must be extraordinarily meticulous when analyzing past cultures. This relates to all aspects of the ancient world including; foods, raw materials, artifacts, agriculture, art work and pottery. All of these elements can collectively provide new and innovative information to curious archaeologists who may wish to gain a better understanding of those who came before us. This information is equally beneficial for both historians and archaeologists who plan to compare the histories of societies from all around the world. In the world of archaeology, archaeologists strive to better explain human behavior by analyzing our past. Therefore, the study of archaeology is a key element in understanding a time before our own.