Palivizumab. The first bronchiolitis prevention strategy outlined in the AAP’s guideline concerns the usage of the RSV vaccine, palivizumab (Synagis). While many practitioners may be eager to administer a vaccine against RSV, the guideline defines a very specific population, time frame, and dosage for this vaccine. When used appropriately, palivizumab has been found to decrease RSV hospitalizations by 55% in premature infants and/or those with chronic lung disease, and 45% in infants with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (Perrin & Bégué, 2012). According to the guideline, palivizumab should be reserved for only these aforementioned populations. In regards to prematurity, the guideline states only infants born before 29 weeks, 0 days gestation, as they are more negatively impacted by contracting RSV (Ralston et. al., 2014). The same can be said for infants with chronic lung disease, which is defined as infants younger than 12 months of age who required more than 21% oxygen for 28 days or longer beginning at birth, or children younger than 24 months of age who required these same oxygen needs and continue to require oxygen, diuretics, or corticosteroid …show more content…
The AAP’s guideline strongly recommends hand hygiene, especially with alcohol-based rubs, to aid in the prevention of bronchiolitis. RSV and the other viruses responsible for causing bronchiolitis are found in secretions, which can be left on many surfaces that a provider may overlook. These viruses can live for longer than six hours on hard surfaces. For this reason, it is vital that the provider performs hand hygiene before and after all patient contact, as well as after handling objects that came in contact with the infected child (Ralston et. al., 2014). Their recommendation for alcohol-based rubs came from a World Health Organization guideline that found such rubs to be more effective than soap and water on the non-visibly soiled hands (Ralston et. al.,
According to CDC policy if the patient before Jean Deere did not have a diagnosis with the possibility of disease transmission, the proper method of hand sanitization would be alcohol based hand rub.
Health tips. Hand hygiene. (2009). Mayo Clinic Health Letter (English Ed.), 27(12), 3. Retrieved from
...ion’s recommended immunization schedules for aged 0 through 18 years, the following vaccinations should be considered:
“The CDC is the primary developer of national infection control and prevention guidelines, often in collaboration with its Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee, which is responsible for research and dissemination of the latest information for preventing disease transmission” (Griffis, 2013, p. 175). Infection control will continue to be a topic of discussion as long as germ transmission is still happening. Among these studies is the concern the frequent nonadherence to contact precautions is a huge issue that many studies are still very concerned about (Jessee & Mion, 2013, p. 966). The writer is also concerned with the blatant disregard for hand hygiene that appears to be happening in the medical field. What about what is best for the patient. Do the people that do not use proper hand hygiene not understand how important it
One of the most commonly used and mass-produced product in medicine, are vaccines. For decades, medical doctors have used vaccines as their first line of defense from diseases and other medical conditions. Ever since the advancement in vaccines, the chances of being diagnosed with a particular dise...
Disease has been known to humankind as the invisible killer for centuries. Plagues destroying towns, people dying for unexplainable reasons, and children dying all too soon. The miracle of modern medicine has permitted society to to have significant control over these terrifying invisible killer outbreaks. The vaccine is one of the greatest miracles of modern medicine. For example, the vaccine for the polio virus has virtually eliminated the incidences of polio in humans. “Vaccines represent a low-risk intervention administer according to a schedule in which there are currently no known acceptable alternatives.” (Opel et al. 2013). Vaccines protect the person who has been vaccinated from viruses and the more persons vaccinated the more
...Although these were initially set to prevent infectious diseases it has been found that there is also prevention of autoimmune diseases, birth control and also cancer therapy. While vaccines provide a proficient means of preventing diseases and improving public health it doesn’t mean all are essential to a healthy life, some do more damage if a sufficient immune system is not present. How the vaccine is formulated and distributed is important to study and follow up on to be certain it is in the best interest of your body to receive the vaccine. Vaccinations will remain present, but it is our choice as individuals to know what they are composed of and how they are administered. Immunizations should be valued and taken seriously, this advancement in technology came at a high speed, which means flaws, and errors will exist, whether we notice them now or in the future.
This literature review will analyze and critically explore four studies that have been conducted on hand hygiene compliance rates by Healthcare workers (HCWs). Firstly, it will look at compliance rates for HCWs in the intensive care units (ICU) and then explore the different factors that contribute to low hand hygiene compliance. Hospital Acquired infections (HAI) or Nosocomial Infections appear worldwide, affecting both developed and poor countries. HAIs represent a major source of morbidity and mortality, especially for patients in the ICU (Hugonnet, Perneger, & Pittet, 2002). Hand hygiene can be defined as any method that destroys or removes microorganisms on hands (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). According to the World Health Organization (2002), a HAI can be defined as an infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. The hands of HCWs transmit majority of the endemic infections. As
A vaccination is the injection of weak disease-causing agents that help the body develop immunity against specific infectious diseases ("Why Are Childhood Vaccines So Important?"). It is through these vaccinations that children will develop immunity without suffering from the actual diseases that vaccines prevent ("Why Are Childhood Vaccines So Important?"). The field of medicine has come a long way. Vaccines are considered to be one of the public health’s greatest accomplishments to date. With the help of vaccines and public health, the overall goal is to prevent disease and promote health.
...eeds and constraints. Research and development is underway to provide non-syringe delivery mechanisms and thermostable vaccines that will make the vaccines less expensive, more effective and much easier for the manufacturer to deliver. Research will help in achieving the understanding of the adverse effects from vaccines and the ways to avoid them without compromising the product. Safety concerns have shown to cause hesitancy in the use of vaccination. It is important to ensure that everyone receives the safest vaccines. In view of this the Global Vaccine Safety Blueprint “represents an attempt to leverage international commitment and to set out a framework for coordinated action that will raise the level and accuracy of vaccine safety monitoring globally” (Global Vaccine Safety Blueprint, 2012). This blueprint will help monitor and assure the safe use of vaccines.
“Failure to attend to hand hygiene has serious consequences: it has a negative effect on patient safety and the quality of patients’ lives, as well as on their confidence in healthcare delivery. However, the prevalence of hand hygiene omission is still high” (Canadian Disease Control, 2016 p 1). Washing hands before and after patient contact seems like a simple solution to prevent the spread of bacteria between patients. But it is not as simple as it seems.According to new CDC data, “approximately one in 25 patients acquires a health care-associated infection during their hospital care, adding up to about 722,000 infections a year. Of these, 75,000 patients die from their infections ( CDC, 2016 p 1).” Leaving a finacial burden on Canada’s health care
Parents today have many concerns for the well being of their child. One big apprehension is what vaccines are being introduced into their infant’s small bodies and the many adverse reactions they cause. In our current generation, infants are injected with up to 31 vaccines just in their first year of life (CDC, 2015). Life threatening diseases are prevented with such vaccines, but parents are often left to wonder, how many of these vaccines are even necessary. Many of the vaccines are given in combinations; sometimes three or more disease fighting vaccines are given in one inoculation. There is continued clinical research to increase efficiency of these vaccines, changing the components of the vaccines, making them vastly different from what they were in generations past. Separating these vaccines can make a large difference in how a child’s body reacts to the new generation of vaccines. Vaccines can not only be separated out of the combinations that are most common, they can be prolonged. Some parents choose to give vaccines only every six months, others choose to wait to start any vaccinations until their child is two years of age (Miller, 2014). Parents have choices today, follow the recommended dosage schedule or prolong and separate their child’s vaccines. In doing the latter, and infant’s body systems have time to mature, side effects may be reduced, and parents will be more willing to vaccinate.
S19 - S25 -. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2012.02.008. Stout, A., Ritchie, K. & Macpherson, K. (2007). Clinical effectiveness of alcohol-based products in increasing hand hygiene compliance and reducing infection rates: a systematic review. Journal Of Hospital Infection, 66 (4), pp. 78-95. 308-312.
Medical asepsis plays an integral role in infection control within a health care facility. It includes procedures used to decrease and prevent direct contact with blood or bodily fluids and emphasizes keeping the environment clean on a regular basis (Curchoe, Astle, & Hobbs, 2014). In order to achieve optimal health, individuals depend on practices and techniques that control and ultimately prevent the transmission of infection. These practices and techniques can help avoid the transmission of infections by creating an environment that protects both health care workers and patients from communicable diseases. Good hand hygiene has been stressed as the single most important measure to prevent cross-infection to patients in health care facilities
“Researchers in London estimate that if everyone routinely washed their hands, a million deaths a year could be prevented” (“Hygiene Fast Facts”, 2013, p. 1). Hands are the number one mode of transmission of pathogens. Hands are also vital in patient interaction, and therefore should be kept clean to protect the safety of patients and the person caring for the patient. Hand hygiene is imperative to professional nursing practice because it prevents the spread of pathogens, decreases chances of hospital-acquired infections, and promotes patient safety. There is a substantial amount of evidence that shows why hand hygiene is important in healthcare