Etude Golden Arrow by Edward Judd
From the Modern Beauty? The Aesthetics of Perceptual Simultaneity exhibition of the Florida International University Frost Museum, I have chosen to study the painting Etude Golden Arrow II (translated “Study Golden Arrow II,” pictured above) by French-Canadian artist Edward Judd. Judd painted this piece (20 x 25.5 inches) in his birth country of France circa 1931 under the style known as Synchromism. The painting is a depiction of a train known as Golden Arrow speeding along the tracks, past signaling lights, and past the perspective of the viewer. The setting of the composition is a French train track beneath an early morning sky.
Synchromism was the first American Avant Garde artistic movement started in early 20th century Paris by two expatriated artists from the United States, Morgan Russell of New York (1888-1953) & Stanton MacDonald-Wright of Virginia (1890-1973). Artists of the time were always working on new and inventive ways to show the importance of the movement. The two young artists met in Paris and established this movement on the influences of Paul Cezanne, Henri Matisse, and the Post Impressionists movement, which is the idea of color superseding the importance of the subject. They were able to evolve these post-impressionist ideals by implementing the use of Musical Theory, which is a style in which music and sounds would define certain hues and shades in their painting to represent movement, emotion, and expression. Music can be broken down into elements like rhythm, form, and structure while the same can be done with art, and this style bridges the gap between the two disciplines. Russell and MacDonald-Wright incorporated Musical Theory into their artworks in a simi...
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...nd beam effect from the composition with the lighter hues in order to create the visual experience from frozen light in the piece.
Works Cited
The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. "Synchromism (art movement)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/578271/Synchromism (accessed April 9, 2014).
2 Harmon, Alison. "Paris in the 1930s: Art and History." Crossing on SS Normandie. http://www.fordham.edu/normandie/artdeco/AH3%20ParisInThe1930s.html (accessed April 9, 2014).
3 "DoverLock and Key of the Kingdom." The Golden Arrow. http://www.dover-kent.co.uk/transport/golden_arrow.htm (accessed April 10, 2014).
4 "Etude Golden Arrow II [Study Golden Arrow II]." Wolfsonian-FIU. http://www.wolfsonian.org/explore/collections/etude-golden-arrow-ii-study-golden-arrow-ii (accessed April 9, 2014).
Whitney Chadwick, Women, Art, and Society 3rd ed. (NY: Thames & Hudson world of art, 2002), 153-160.
... after nine at night, but in those days [we] ... did not think of our day in terms of hours. We liked our work, we were proud to do it well, and I am afraid that we were very, very happy.” The 1930s were a time of struggle and sadness. However, American citizens continued to work and search for the happiness they once knew. Although the Great Depression stretched through the 1930s, putting a damper on the economy and liveliness of the nation, the decade cannot be solely defined by it. Art and photos illustrate the decade’s sentiments, while acts of society and architecture reveal much more regarding a common citizen's lifestyle. A tragic photo, a vast-spread psychological struggle, and a famous building, are all examples of artifacts taken from the 1930s that have changed, they way we perceive our country, the American way of living, and America’s skyline forever.
In the 1940s, much was changing in the world due to the effects of World War II, specifically in the parts of Europe. Suffused with dictators and totalitarian governments the artists of the era wanted to escape the environment and embark upon a new journey and a fresh start. America during that time was a capitalist with a culturally and ethnically rich background in music, films and fashion. This was the best opportunity for the artists to visit America. Thus a group of artists with their modernistic approach, went to New York City and started a new wave known as the “The New York School”. To come up with originality, the American designers inspired by the European Avante Grante/Modernistic art, added new techniques and concepts which created a complete new direction in art and design that shifted the world’s attention.
...nings behind them and that’s what this painting renders. The modern time painting is another interesting outlook of death transcending from bright colors to darkness, exceedingly imaginative
An artwork will consist of different elements that artists bring together to create different forms of art from paintings, sculptures, movies and more. These elements make up what a viewer sees and to help them understand. In the painting Twilight in the Wilderness created by Frederic Edwin Church in 1860 on page 106, a landscape depicting a sun setting behind rows of mountains is seen. In this painting, Church used specific elements to draw the viewer’s attention directly to the middle of the painting that consisted of the sun. Church primarily uses contrast to attract attention, but it is the different aspects of contrast that he uses that makes the painting come together. In Twilight in the Wilderness, Church uses color, rhythm, and focal
After the 1940 surrender of Paris, which many Americans viewed as the fall of culture due to Paris’ status as the international mecca for the arts, it was evident that the world required a new and superior cultural hub. Throughout the 1940s American artists, with the influence of European Modern and Surrealist painters, were able to elevate New York City to the center of the art world by implementing a “new, strong, and original” artistic style that simultaneously fought fascist ideology: Abstract Expressionism (Guilbault 65). After the war, galleries throughout Europe exhibited American Abstract art, Rothko’s in particular, to prove that American art, once thought tasteless, possessed artistic depth and merit (“Mark Rothko”). Therefore, Abstract Expression had a major role in making New York City the worldwide cultural metropolis that it is today. In terms of shifts in worldview, Abstract Expressionism placed a great importance on intense emotion and spirituality in a society where religiousness was, and continues to be, replaced by other, often self-centered or materialistic, pursuits. The movement allowed and encouraged the public to explore their darkest fears and woes, which, in the wake of the Second World War and, later on, during the Cold War was likely therapeutic. Above all else, it made society recognize that art should no longer be viewed with suspicion; instead, it should be accepted as an integral element of culture
Winton, Alexandra G. "The Bauhaus, 1919–1933." The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Web. 03 May 2014.
Brackett, Virginia. “The Necklace.” Masterplots, Fourth Edition (2010): 1-3. Literary Reference Center. Web. 21 Jan. 2014.
The neo-expressionist movement in America lasted from the late 70s and came to an end in the early 90s. The movement was a revival of expressionism, a style in which an artist portrays emotional experience into their work (Sandler, 227). It was also a response to the popular art style of the time called minimalism, which involved mostly blank canvases or lines. Neo-expressionism, on the other hand, was raw emotion and chaos. The main figures of the movement were Julian Schnabel, David Salle, and Ada Applebroog. A pioneer of the movement, and also the focus of this essay, is Jean-Michel Basquiat. His art referenced many famous artists and art pieces, from which he found inspiration. This inspiration was one of the features that made the movement
The artistic stylization used by early 20th century artists endeavors a distinctive approach in the depiction of the Great Depression in both methodology and aesthetic portrayal. Philip Evergood’s Dance Marathon (c. 1931) and Reginald Marsh’s Chatham Square (c. 1931), which both are exhibited at the Blanton Museum of Art, are artistic representations of the American culture during the “Dirty Thirties”. Although both paintings were created during the same time period and ultimately share the thematic downheartedness of the decade, Evergood and Marsh cultivate their own independent approach in constructing their individual artworks. Marsh focuses his piece on the basis of composition, detail, saturations and highlights to construe a melancholic
The Arts and Crafts movement, led by William Morris, was established in the 1860s as a response against the manufacturing of low quality goods due to industrialization. He also felt that the society was degrading as a result of this. The philosophy behind the Art and Crafts movement was that the Industrial Revolution had taken artistry and design away from of the quality of goods produced. The goal was to advocate a return to craftsmanship and enable individual craftsmen to assert their own creative independence. More importantly, the movement wanted to promote mor...
Barnett, Peter. “The French Revolution in Art”. ArtId, January 7th 2009. Web. 5th May 2013.
Art Nouveau was an artist movement that started in Europe and peaked in popularity between the years of 1890 and 1910. It had a great influence on graphic design, but was also practiced in the fields of art, architecture and applied art. Art Nouveau is a French term meaning “new art” and is characterized from the highly stylized forms as well as organic and plant motifs. “The organic forms often took the shape of sudden violent curves which were often referenced by the term whiplash” (Eskilson, 56). It took on many different characteristics, and some of it’s well known designers from the era created new artistic vocabulary that could best express the modern world. “Art Nouveau’s success was a reaction against the late 19th century academic art and was replaced by the development of 20th century modernist style” (Eskilson, 56).
They all stressed the importance of handmade, decorative, ornamental and functional designs. William Morris started the movement as a reaction against the machine and stressed the importance of working with your hands. He didn’t see the beauty in mechanically produced things and neither did Art nouveau artists and Modernista architects. They all collectively stressed the importance of new never before seen structures and styles that would inspire people and bring beauty to a world that was becoming bland and repetitive.
In conclusion, the art of the 19th century was composed of a sequence of competing artistic movements that sought to establish its superiority, ideologies and style within the artistic community of Europe. These movements, being Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism and Post-Impressionism, ultimately spread far beyond the confines of Europe and made modern art an international entity which can still be felt in today’s artistic world.