P. Aeruginosa Research Paper

P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen with high versatility, it is more likely to infect people with impaired immunity, trauma, breaches in cutaneous or mucosal barriers, and dysfunctional normal microbial flora. Whole genome sequencing data of P. aeruginosa reveals that it lacks sugar transporters, instead, it has approximately 200 cytoplasmic membrane transport systems which are involved in transporting nutrients and other molecules (Stover et al., 2000). This allows it to grow on various carbon and nutrient sources with low sugar availability such as hospital respiratory therapy equipment, antiseptics, soap, sinks, and even distilled water (Favero et al., 1971).

P. aeruginosa is the most common pathogen associated chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Its course of infection can be divided into 3 stages: initial acquisition,

aeruginosa is very ubiquitous in the environment because it can thrive on numerous nutrient sources and it is very resilient that it can adapt to new environment quickly. It hardly harms healthy people, but it has become one of the most common opportunistic pathogens found on patient in hospital. Infection caused by P. aeruginosa is one of the hardest to eradicate because of its versatility and ability to form biofilm. Biofilm formation further enhances P. aeruginosa drug resistance and protects it from phagocytosis. During the course of infection, quorum sensing involving las and rhl systems are indispensable for biofilm and virulent factor productions. For instance, las system controls LasB elastase, LasA protease, exotoxin A (Hoge et al., 2010), whereas rhl system is responsible for LasB elastase, rhamnolipids, pyocyanin, hydrogen cyanide and the production of other virulent factors (Gupta et al., 2013). Therefore, understanding the quorum sensing pathway is important in order to combat P. aeruginosa infections, especially in preventing biofilm