Every human has microbiomes that are personalized for the individual and are extremely important to maintaining a good health standing, however, these microbiomes can be capable of contracting a disease. One of the most common areas for these microbiomes to contract something that could be harmful to the person’s health is called the oral microbiomes, which are found in the mouths of humans. Within the biofilms of the oral cavity, rests these oral microbiomes that maintain a healthy equilibrium in the mouth. However, if not taken care of properly, oral microbiomes can be taken over by a pathogen that can quickly turn the state of the person’s mouth from a healthy equilibrium to a very unhealthy equilibrium (1). Some bacteria found in the oral cavity can be an extremely danger. …show more content…
If bacteria is not monitored at all, many different disease such as gingivitis and periodontitis can occur (2). The Lab Manual also stated that bacteria can enter through the oral cavity, get into the bloodstream, and can cause endocarditis in the heart tissue. Given all these possible horrible scenarios, every effort made towards lowering the amount of bacteria in our oral cavity has potential to save lives. Our research will consist of trying to answer an important question, “What substances could help prevent bacteria (pathogen) buildup in the oral cavity”. The first thinking that we had behind this came from those gum commercials you see on T.V. that say “kills bad breath and bacteria”. Well we were curious as to what chemical compound found inside gum has the capability to kill bacteria. It turns out that one of the key factors for the bacteria killing effect found in chewing gum, is known as Xylitol. Xylitol is a naturally occurring alcohol and is used as a “sugar free” substitute in many chewing gum brands
... of subjects with periodontitis: Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis colonize the periodontal pockets". Med Mycol. 46 (8): 783–93. doi:10.1080/13693780802060899.PMID 18608938
Bacteria play a large role in our health, the environment, and most aspects of life. They can be used in beneficial ways, such as decomposing wastes, enhancing fertilizer for crops, and breaking down of substances that our bodies cannot. However, many bacteria can also be very harmful by causing disease. Understanding how to identify bacteria has numerous applications and is incredibly important for anyone planning to enter the medical field or begin a career in research. Having the background knowledge of identifying an unknown bacteria may one day aid healthcare professionals diagnose their patient with a particular bacterial infection or help researchers determine various clinical, agricultural, and numerous other uses for bacteria.
Retraction or back-siphonage of oral fluids into DUWLs during dental instrument use can expand the range of microorganisms present both in DUWL biofilm and output water. This increases the possibil¬ity of transmission of more pathogenic human-derived microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus to staff and patients. (29)
Candida albicans is a harmless commensal yeast which becomes pathogenic when environmental changes trigger the virulence factors of the organism. Hence Candida species are opportunistic pathogens in susceptible individuals. Oral infection caused by C. albicans known as oral candidiasis or candidosis. However, C. albicans exist in the mouths of 80% of healthy individuals. Any alteration in the environment of oral cavity can change the presence of candida from commensal to pathogenic. This translation in the status of candida is due to many predisposing factors. In the past, oral candidiasis was thought to affect mainly elderly and very young population. Recently, the incidence of oral candidiasis increased greatly with the intensification of HIV infection and immunosuppressive chemotherapy (1, 2). Oral candidiasis colonize 5% to 7% of newborn less than one month old. The infection also estimated to affect 9% to 31% of AIDS patients and nearly 20% of cancer patients (3). This review discuss the possible causes, the types of oral candidiasis, treatment and management strategies.
Over time as individuals age and are faced with access to care issues they may begin to neglect their oral health. As time passes between dental hygiene cleanings or dentist visits the presence of oral disease may begin to increase.
Due to their direct contact with patients, personnel of health care teams are exposed to a higher risk of contracting diseases. Specifically, this risk becomes more potential for dental professional teams if we know that most of the human microbial pathogens are isolated from oral secretions. They can cause serious diseases that might transmit from patients to the personnel, and vice versa (Bednarsh & Molinri, 2010). In 1970 and the early 1980s, result showed the tendency among dental professionals to have more certain infectious diseases than the general public due to their exposure to blood and saliva of their patients (Bednarsh & Molinri, 2010). Disease, such as hepatiti...
Periodontal disease, or periodontitis, is the inflammation of the periodontium that involves loss of supporting bone structure. Essentially, it is a gum disease that deteriorates the bone structure that holds your teeth in place and it can affect people of all ages. Nearly all adults, teens, and even children have plaque on their teeth that contain the bacteria linked to periodontal diseases. The Center for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) reports that 47% of people in the United States, 30 years or older, have some form of periodontal disease. That’s a whopping 65 million people, not including anyone under the age of thirty. Another report shows that 3 out of 5 teens has an early form of periodontal disease. Once this disease is advanced
Colony isolates initially were assessed by morphology and Gram staining. DNA harvested from overnight cultures was amplified by PCR using two sets of 16s rDNA primers to detect a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species. We found that oral bacterial diversity varied among individuals and species. Furthermore, we identified four bacterial species previously unassociated with the oral cavity of V. komodoensis. With the assistance of Dr. Joseph Mendelson, director of herpetological research at Zoo Atlanta, our work was published in a peer-reviewed journal Herpetological Review. Seeing the acknowledgment of my undergraduate research reaffirmed my professional goal to investigate the host-pathogen interactions that mediate human
Dental professionals should promote a message that a strong biologic connection exists between oral and systemic health. Therefore, having a good understanding of oral health and systemic health is beneficial and can help you protect yourself. Streptococcus mutants, the bacteria found in periodontal infection are also the bacteria found in many of the cardiovascular diseases. This establishes a strong relationship between these two conditions.
The microbiota, or the microbes living in and on a person, is an important contribution to the health of a person. The mouth, like every other part of the body, is overloaded with microorganisms, including viruses, protozoa, archaea, and bacteria. There are about 1000 different species of bacteria in the mouth. The most commonly seen species of bacteria phyla found in the mouth Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Synergistetes, and Tenericutes. The oral flora is important to maintain, and periodontitis, imflammation of the gums, is one specific disease of the mouth that is due to a contribution of a change in the microbiota. In order to maintain a healthy oral microbiota, brushing teeth with toothpaste and flossing are recommended. The mouth is known to be the cause for many diseases, especially heart disease due to the easy access to the bloodstream (Wade). The microbiota is made up of many types of bacteria that work together to maintain proper health when the patient has good oral hygiene habits.
Dental plaque is the combination of bacteria embedded in a matrix of salivary proteins and bacterial products superimposed on the acquired pellicle (Berkovitz, et al., 2011). It is an example of a biofilm, a term used to describe relatively undefinable microbial community associated with a tooth surface or any other hard, non-shedding material (Reddy, 2008). Plaque can also be described as
Eliminating bacteria through good oral hygiene is not possible. The gum tissue begins pulling away from the teeth. This creates pockets that allow bacteria to build up, which leads to an infection. As your body fights the harmful bacteria, the bone and tissue holding the teeth in place begins to break down. The pockets deepen and begin filling with pus.
Introduction: In Canada, general dental health is not part Canada’s national system of health insurance (Medicare) (1) except for some dental surgical procedures that are performed at hospitals. Since Oral health does not come under the Health Act about ninety-five percent of the oral health care services are offered on a fee-for-service basis. Oral health care is under provincial or territorial jurisdiction like other health care services and publically financed dental care programs provide the remaining five percent of oral health care services (2). Thus, majority of Canadians receive oral health via privately owned dental clinics. Privately owned dental care gives these services providers control over dental service charges, types of available treatment for the patients and number of follow-up appointment for treatments or routine care. Service users pay for the dental expenses from their own pockets or utilize insurance coverage (1).
When it comes down to it, the mouth is a major portal to the rest of the body. It is used to ingest food, medication, and liquids. It is also used to breath, speak, and keep your aesthetic appearance that allows people to recognize you. Most people do not realize that the health of their mouth affects the health of the entire body, including major organs like the heart. The American Academy for Oral Systemic Health says, “oral bacteria are being found in brain tissue, heart vessels, joints, and many other parts of your body”(1). Many conditions like diseases, deficiencies, viruses, and infections can present themselves in the mouth even if they are located elsewhere in the body. Any condition found in the mouth can get into the blood stream
Microbes are microscopic life forms, usually too small to be seen by the naked eye. Although many microbes are single-celled, there are also numerous multi-cellular organisms. The human body has 10-100 trillion microbes living on it, making it one giant super-organism. Since the first link between microbes and diseases was made, people have been advised to wash their hands. Scientists, however, have recently started to investigate more closely how the microbes that call the human body home affect our health. While some microbes cause disease, others are more beneficial, working with our bodies in many subtle ways.