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Ocean acidification, which refers to the reduction of pH levels in the ocean is caused by an uptake of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. (NOAA) Ocean acidification alters the ocean’s chemical makeup creating a slightly more acidic pH level; this process has very severe consequences for not only ocean water but for the marine life that reside there. If current levels of carbon dioxide continue to follow trend than the ocean we know today could be reduced to an acidic pool to harsh for most ocean life as we know it. But even slight changes in the pH balance can have catastrophic effects on marine life. For example, only a .1 decrease in ocean pH has caused 10% of the Great Barrier Reef’s coral coverage to die off.
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(Gersonde and Zielinski, 2000) As it can be seen, sea-ice plays a huge role in global climate control(as seen in Figure11, paragraph above and shifting westerlies section) thus there is a crucial need to consider sea-ice reconstruction of climatic evolution during the geological past to further understand them and also to determine what was the past climate, and shape of the polar regions. To reconstruct the polar ... ... middle of paper ... ... condition respectively. Dinocyst and planktonic foraminiferal isotopes data were able to conclude that Arctic and Western Europe had suffered retardation of the North Atlantic Circulation. Norgaard-Pedersen et al., 2003 had done a multiproxy analysis of LGM sea ice conditions in the Fram Strait and Central, Eastern Arcic. A combination of sediment composition and flux rates of iceberg rafting and planktonic foraminiferal abundance and isotopic data was used.
Results from Different Studies Investigating the Role of Climate Change in Coral Reef Destruction Evidence of Sea Acidi... ... middle of paper ... ...igher—Can We Do Anything About It?. National Geographic. Retrieved Nov 11, 2013: http://ocean.nationalgeographic.com/ocean/critical-issues-sea-level-rise/ Obura, D. (2005). Resilience and climate change: lessons from coral reefs and bleaching in the Western Indian Ocean. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science , 63, 353–372.
Climate Change, 107, 81-108. Thieler, Robert, and Erika Hammar-Klose. (2006) U.S. Geological Survey, National Assessment of Coastal Vulnerability to Sea-Level Rise: Preliminary Results for the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coast. USGS.gov. .