Intro: According to Wood, Wood Boyd, Wood and Desmarais is when people suffers from either an obsession or compulsion sometimes both. An obsession is an uncontrollable recurrent thoughts or images on dirt and germs, aggression, feeling of order. A compulsion is when someone does an activity over and over even though it is irrational but they are so compel they can’t avoid it and if they do they become increasingly anxious that can only be relieved when the act in question is done. A compulsion could be counting, arranging or checking. It becomes psychological when the behavior prevents the person from living a normal life. (p.364-365)
According to OCD Facts, symptoms of OCD. (n.d.). Symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) fall under
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So in this case the compulsive behaviour would be excessively washing of their hands to the point that they bleed, so they would fully satisfied that they have removed all germs. Or excessive cleaning of their home for the same reason. They would also avoid touching areas in which they know are contaminated such as doorknobs, public washrooms and perhaps avoiding touching people or being touched. According to OCD Facts, symptoms of OCD. (n.d.), another type of obsessive and compulsive behavior would be thought of harming oneself or some close to them either a parent, a child or an animal, etc. And the compulsion that could be associated this obsession would be checking to make sure you have not harmed your parent, counting the knives to makes sure you have not used one. Repeatedly checking to make sure the stove is off and the windows and doors closed and repeatedly checking that who have not run over someone by returning to the location you imagine it happened. According to OCD Facts, symptoms of OCD. (n.d.) another example of an obsessive compulsive couple would be the feeling of order or perfection, so one would have an obsessive thought that everything must be placed in a certain order, …show more content…
However, biological studies have shown that “changes in the brain caused by an infection may predispose a person to develop OCD” Another possible caused for OCD is an unbalanced, or low levels of serotonin. (Causes of Obsessive – Compulsive Disorder, p. 365). There are multiple ways to treat OCD, one psychological way is by Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). (As stated by Gellatly and Molloy (2014) the goal of CBT is to change or reduce a person’s maladaptive behaviour. The behavioural method may include “testing irrational thoughts and graded exposure to feared situations.” (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy p.6) For example, an OCD individual may try to avoid their obsession, so the psychologist may expose them to their obsession. The Cognitive method is used to alter their maladaptive behaviours to change their way of thinking. The methods could be keeping a diary and writing their inappropriate thoughts, and behaviours when they occur and how often). According to Gellatly and Molloy (2014) an effective CBT for OCD individuals is exposure and response prevention (ERP). The basis of this therapy is to expose them to their fear which is the thoughts and images that produces their anxiety, in other words their obsession, the therapy exposed to them to their obsession gradually, first starting with a situation
Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD) - is characterized by persistent, uncontrollable and unwanted feelings or thoughts (obsessions) and routines or rituals (compulsions) in which individuals engage to try to prevent or rid themselves of these thoughts. In example of common compulsions include washing hands or cleaning repeatedly for fear of germs.
Psychguide (2016). Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Symptoms, Causes and Effects. Retrieved August 20, 2016, from http://psychguides.com
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a disease that afflicts up to six million Americans, however all its characteristics are yet to be fully understood. Its causes, triggers, attributes, and variations are still unknown although effective medicines exist to treat the symptoms. OCD is a very peculiar disease as Rapoport discusses it comes in many different forms and have different symptoms yet have many similarities. One sure aspect is that it appears, or at least its symptoms do, out of the blue and is triggered either by stressful experiences or, most of the time, just appears out of nowhere. One example is a boy who's father was hard on him for being affected by the worlds "modern ways", the boy at a high school party tries LSD ( a hallucinatory drug), after that thoughts of whether his mind was dangerously affected by the drug. What seemed like completely appropriate worrying and anxiety turned into attacks of anxiety, he couldn't shake the thoughts that something was wrong with his mind. Essentially he had "his mind on his mind" constantly and that haunted his days his thought were as follows: " did the lsd do anything to my mind? The thought never went away ; instead it got more and more complicated. There must be something wrong with my mind if i am spending so much time worrying about it. Is there something wrong with my mind? Was this from the lsd? Will it ever get better?" (The boy who, J. L. Rapoport 125,126) Dr. Rapoport promptly put him on Anafranil (an anti-depressant, used for OCD, not marketed in the U.
N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, OCD." NIMH RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Mar. 2014.
Some symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) include fear of germs, perfectionism, and rituals. When someone has OCD, they are afraid of germs and might constantly be washing their hands or cleaning their room. Someone who suffers from OCD needs everything to be perfect and they might organize their closet by color and size. Their rituals calm their anxiety. Certain rituals are things such as checking the stove a certain number of times to make sure it is off, or tapping their finger a number of times just because it makes them feel better.
There are a couple evident symptoms of OCD. People tend to do an action over and over again to calm their anxiety levels. They tend to not be able to control unwanted thoughts or actions, and spend minimum an hour each day on the obsessing rituals which gets in their way for daily life. Common obsessions are needs for symmetry or order, fear of germs, causing harm to other people, dirt or germs, etc. Common compulsions include constant bathing, hoarding of items, constant counting, etc. These signs can interfere with a person’s life and ruin relationships with others.
George, Amy. “Secret Rituals, OCD Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Life out of Control.” Teen . (magazine article)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a type of anxiety disorder that can be best characterized by the recurrent or disturbing thoughts that are labeled as obsessions. Sometime these obsessions can take on the form of intrusive images or the unwanted impulses. The compulsions can come from the repetitive or ritualized behaviors that a person feels driven to perform on a daily basis. The majority of people with the diagnosis of OCD can have both obsessions and compulsions, but most of the times about 20% have obsessions alone while 10% may have the compulsions alone (Goodman M.D., 2013) . Common types that have been illustrated in individual’s diagnoses with OCD can be characterized with concerns of contamination, safety or harm to themselves, unwanted acts of aggression, the unacceptable sexual or religious thoughts, and the need for symmetry or exactness. While some of the most common compulsion can be characterized as excessive cleaning, checking, ordering, and arranging rituals or the counting and repeating routines activities that are done sometimes on a daily basis multiple times in a day.
Compulsions are the behaviors that relieve the person of anxiety temporarily. If the obsession is perfect hygiene, the compulsion could be washing hands constantly. Compulsions can also be checking on something over and over again, including repeating phrases to calm themselves down. Basically, they are...
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts that produce uneasiness, apprehension, fear, or worry. The acts of those who have OCD may appear paranoid and potentially psychotic. However, OCD sufferers generally recognize their obsessions and compulsions as irrational and may become further distressed by this realization. Obsessive–compulsive disorder affects children and adolescents, as well as adults. Roughly one third to one half of adults with OCD reports a childhood onset of the disorder, suggesting the continuum of anxiety disorders across the life span. OCD may be a result of changes in your body's own natural chemistry or brain functions. OCD also may have a genetic component, but specific genes have yet to be identified. OCD may stem from behavior-related habits that you learned over time. Doctors do not know the exact cause of OCD, factors that may play a role include head injury, infections, and abnormal function in certain areas of the brain and family genes seems to play a strong role. Most people who develop OCD it shows the symptoms by age 30. Often the person carries out the behaviors to get rid of the obsessive thoughts, but this only provides temporary relief. Not doing the obsessive rituals can cause great anxiety.
There are several things that are included in OCD, including its symptoms, treatments and its involvement with the brain. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder recognize their symptoms to be ego-dystonic which are thoughts one would not usually have and not within one’s control but is still a product of one’s mind. The two common symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder are obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions take the form of persistent and uncontrollable thoughts, images, impulses, worries, fears or doubts. An anonymous writer wrote about his/her images, “These images included hitting, stabbing, poisoning and shooting people, even the people I loved the most…” However, compulsions are either repetitive physical behaviors or mental thought rituals that are performed over and over again to help relieve a person’s anxiety. Over time compulsions can become more elaborate and time- consuming. Shirley Brinkerhoff mentions in her book Amanda, a high school girl facing OCD, said, “Then I started having to count my steps. Like, 387 steps to the bus stop, and if missed...
The DSM-V was very useful in aiding to diagnose Howie Mandel with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The diagnostic criteria listed in the DSM-V for this disease states that obsessions and/or compulsions must be present. In the case of Mandel, both of these aspects are present as mentioned above. Mandel displayed obsessive thoughts concerning germs along with associated obsessions to refrain from contact with germs and compulsions such rechecking locked doors. Another criteria is that these obsessions/compulsions be time consuming which I also discussed above. The several symptoms that Mandel displayed did not seem to fit any other disease listed in the DSM-V.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder has been classified as a type of anxiety disorder under DSM-5, in which there is a presence of obsessions, compulsions or both. Obsessions are defined as “intrusive and mostly nonsensical thoughts, images, or urges that the individual tries to resist or eliminate,” while compulsion are the thought or actions that accompany these obsessions to try to suppress and provide relief. (TEXTBOOK) The obsessions are categorized into four major types, and each is linked with a certain pattern of compulsive behaviors.
Obsessive Compulsive Personality disorder is often confused with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder which is an almost less severe
There are many symptoms that lead to the conclusion that someone is suffering from OCD. A person may have a fear of germs, wanting things to be in perfect order constantly, and unwanted thoughts. The compulsions in OCD are the acts that a person feels obliged to do and this may include repeatedly washing hands, excessively cleaning and washing hands and counting regularly. Life with OCD is generally hard and the sufferer generally does not get any relief or satisfaction until they are able to perform their rituals (National Institute of Mental health,