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Causes of obesity and its effects
Causes of obesity and its effects
Causes of obesity and its effects
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“I found there was only one way to look thin: Hang out with fat people.”
Rodney Dangerfield
In this research paper we will be looking at obesity, gastric bypass surgery, the cautions that the surgical technologist face working with a bariatric surgery. What is obesity? Obesity is having too much body fat. It’s not the same as being overweight which means that a person weighs too much. A person that is overweight maybe overweight due to extra muscle, bone, water, and having too much body fat.
Obese people account for thirty seven percent of the United States population, but obesity- related diseases such as diabetes and hypertension account for sixty one percent of healthcare costs in the United States every year. The costs increase to billions of dollars which puts a huge strain on not only the economy but healthcare also. Obesity is a big problem in America and everyone either knows someone who is overweight or they’re overweight themselves. Treatment for obesity is having an active lifestyle, weight loss medication, or weight loss surgery.
Surgery is more helpful for people whose body weight is one hundred pounds greater than the ideal body weight and haven’t lost weight due to other treatments such as diet, exercise, or medications. These type patients are considered special needs and are considered bariatric patients. Weight loss surgeries include laparoscopic gastric banding, gastric bypass, and sleeve gastrectomy. Gastric Bypass is a very common weight loss procedure for people fighting obesity. Singer Carnie Wilson of the pop group The Wilson Phillips was an advocate for the surgery.
What is gastric bypass surgery? Gastric Bypass surgery is a procedure that helps you lose weight by changing how your stomach...
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...lmar Cengage Learning.
Gastric bypass surgery: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. (2004, June 4). U.S National Library of Medicine. Retrieved May 19, 2014, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007199.htm
Surgical Procedures & Innovations Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. (n.d.). Gastric Bypass Surgery: Success Rates, Risks, Laparoscopic, Gastric Bypass Weight Loss Surgery. Retrieved May 19, 2014, from http://obesitymd.org/gastric.html
Fat Quotes. (n.d.). BrainyQuote. Retrieved May 19, 2014, from http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/fat.html
Carnie Wilson one year later.... (2000, August 11). Carnie Wilson one year later.... Retrieved May 19, 2014, from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/health/doctor/lhdoc213.htm
Fuller, J. R., & Polauf, H. (1981). Surgical technology, principles and practice (6th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co..
1There are dangers involved with Gastric Bypass surgery. Case studies show high insulin levels following meals, confusion, shaking, sweating, headaches and black outs. The patients eventually needed partial or complete removal of the pancreas, in order to prevent dangerous declines in blood glucose. Patients also experienced Dumping Syndrome, when the small intestine fills too quickly with undigested food from the stomach which can cause abdominal cramp and diarrhea. Other research has uncovered a higher-than-expected risk of death following surgery for obesity, even among younger patients.
Bariatrics is the branch of medicine that focuses on the causes, prevention, and treatment of obesity. Bariatric surgery is a specific discourse community connecting individuals through mutual interests, shared knowledge, and expertise of treating obese populations. The field of bariatrics is a discourse community with several purposes. It encourages innovative surgical and nonsurgical solutions in obesity care. It formulates hypotheses and develops and conducts experimental designs to test the hypotheses’ reliability and validity. Furthermore, it aims to stimulate discussion about its findings.
Obesity remains an extremely serious issue worldwide. Once considered a problem for wealthier counties, overweight and obesity are now dramatically increasing in low and middle income countries (WHO, 2011). In American, the rates of obesity continue to soar. CDC (2009) recognizes obesity as a risk factor for diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health problems. According to NHANES over two-thirds of the US are overweight or obese, and over one-third are obese (CDC, 2009). Treatment for this illness varies; it may include the incorporation of diet, exercise, behavior modification, medication, and surgery. Since there is no single cause of all overweight and obesity, there is no single way to prevent or treat overweight and obesity that will help everyone (CDC, 2009).
Gastric bypass is life changing procedure that is not to be taken lightly by any means.
"Treating Obesity Vital For Public Health, Physicians Say." Science Daily. 2006. Web. 10 May 2014. .
This physiologically affects the reduction in the functional volume of the stomach, and the response to food. There are several variations of gastric bypass.
In conclusion, most people believe that performing this operation is erroneous, and this is incorrect because this process helps so many people who have increased the weight to dispose of this overweight in the fastest time. Therefore, that surgical operation can decrease the body weight up to 80% of the total weight of the body by performing an esophagus gastrectomy. With the knowledge that this will cost the patient so much money, but it will be, assisting to get rid of a lot redundant fat and health problems such as diabetes, blood pressure, and cholesterol. Consequently, having plenty patients, who are obese, need to carry out these surgical procedures to eliminate extra body fat and enjoy the good life in the
After paying $6,000 for a liposuction procedure, there is still a good chance that the fat can grow back, therefore making the liposuction surgery useless. Liposuction is a temporary fix that should not be assumed to be permanent by the patient. Even after the patients have the surgery, if they were overweight before, they are still overweight (Rowland, 1998, p.3). Besides the chance that the fat cells can return, the patient can put his or her health in jeopardy if exc...
Although many individuals are uncertain about the increasing statistics associated with obesity, more than seventy percent of men and virtually sixty-two percent of women within the United States adult population are overweight or obese (Wilmore, Costill, & Kenney). Obesity refers to the condition of having an excessive amount of body fat. If an individual’s amount of body fat becomes too excessive, he/she is at a much greater risk of developing life-altering diseases such as heart failure, hypertension, type II diabetes, cancer, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, etc. (Wilmore, et al., 2008).
To be a candidate for this surgery, one must meet certain criteria. The individual must have a BMI of 40, meaning that person is at least 100 pounds overweight. The surgery can also per performed if one has a BMI of 35 but has comorbid conditions such as type II diabetes or sleep apnea. Most individuals lose at least 10 to 20 pounds the first month after surgery. Individuals can typically expect to lose weight for the following two years after surgery. There are several risks involved with this surgery including: Gastritis, heartburn, stomach ulcers, injury to the stomach, intestines, or other organs during surgery, leaking from the line where parts of the stomach have been stapled together, poor nutrition, scarring inside the stomach that could lead to a blockage in the bowel in the future, vomiting from eating more than your stomach pouch can
Horrilleno, Henry, M.D. “New hope for the hefty: Bariatric Surgery.” Philippine Star. 2 Aug. 2010: D-2.
However, these side effects can be avoided with the proper amount of vitamin and mineral supplements. Up to 20 percent of patients who undergo the operation will require follow-up surgeries to correct complications. Common problems include abdominal hernias, breakdown of the staple line and stretched stomach outlets. There’s rapid regain of weight and all sorts of medical problems. From vitamin deficiencies to constant illness, stomach upsets, diarrhea, fatigue and horrible wound infections. Many people don’t want to admit they’ve had problems because they’re so happy to be thin; “People who have had the surgery the past couple of years are in a honeymoon state”, states Guthrie, Catherine. The author of “Bariatric Surgery: A Radical Obesity Fix. They is so thrilled to be thin. They believe being thin at all costs is more important than their own lives. Even if the patients have problems although these are some complications, most patients undergo only one surgery and there's an 85 percent success rate.
Developed in the 60’s by Drs. Mason and Ito, Roux-en-Y has become the gold standard in WLS with approximately 45,000 RNY procedures performed in 2015 (Estimate of Bariatric Surgery Numbers, 2011-2015, 2016). With RNY, the vast majority of the stomach is separated, leaving a thumb-sized pouch. As a result, this greatly decreases the amount of food the patient is able to consume. The residual stomach and first segment of small intestine are bypassed via a Y limb. By bypassing part of the small intestines, fewer calories and nutrients are absorbed (The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, 2004). This advance in surgical weight loss treatment has offered thousands hope for a more normal and healthy
What is bariatric surgery? Bariatric surgery is an effective solution for those have been struggling to lose their excessive weight. There are three main types for this surgery, gastric bypass, gastric sleeve, and gastric banding. According to Kids health educational website “Bariatric surgeries had its beginning in the 1960s when doctors first noticed that people with portions of their stomach or intestines removed due to cancer of ulcers tended to lose a lot of their weight after surgeries” (Gavin). These surgeries help and focus on reducing the amount of food that a person can consume. Gastric bypass is the most common and effective surgery for weight loss. Who should consider getting bariatric surgery? Candidates with body mass index that
Obesity is a common condition that affects thousands around the world. Its causes may vary from simply eating too much to not getting the exercise needed to attempting to quit smoking. Treatment of this condition may be as simple as getting the right diet or exercise, or a planned schedule from one’s physician. Obesity may be heredity or may be a result of any of the above mentioned causes. It is a serious matter to be dealt with yet may be treated easily.